1,178 research outputs found
Short-time fluctuations of displacements and work
A recent theorem giving the initial behavior of very short-time fluctuations
of particle displacements in classical many-body systems is discussed. It has
applications to equilibrium and non-equilibrium systems, one of which is a
series expansion of the distribution of work fluctuations around a Gaussian
function. To determine the time-scale at which this series expansion is valid,
we present preliminary numerical results for a Lennard-Jones fluid. These
results suggest that the series expansion converges up to time scales on the
order of a picosecond, below which a simple Gaussian function for the
distribution of the displacements can be used.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure
Radiative Tau Lepton Pair Production as a Probe of Anomalous Electromagnetic Couplings of the Tau
We calculate the squared matrix element for the process e+ e- --> tau+ tau-
gamma allowing for anomalous magnetic and electric dipole moments at the tau
tau gamma vertex. No interferences are neglected and no approximations of light
fermion masses are made. We show that anomalous moments affect not only the
cross section, but also the shape of the photon energy and angular
distributions. We also demonstrate that in the case of the anomalous magnetic
dipole moment, the contribution from interference involving Standard Model and
anomalous amplitudes is significant compared to the contribution from anomalous
amplitudes alone. A program to perform the calculation is available and it may
be employed as a Monte Carlo generator.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures submitted to Nuclear Physics
Coherent two pion photoproduction on 12C
We develop the formalism for coherent two pion photoproduction in nuclei and
perform actual calculations of cross sections for and
photoproduction on . We find that due to the isospin symmetry the cross
section for production is very small and has a maximum when the
pions propagate together. However, the kinematical region where the energies
and polar angles of the two mesons are equal and their relative
azimuthal angle is forbidden. Conversely in the
production the pions prefer to have a relative azimuthal angle 180 and the
production of the pions propagating together is suppressed. The dominant
one-body mechanism in both channels is related to the excitation of the
isobar. Hence the reaction can serve as a source of information about
's properties in nucleus. We have found that the reaction is sensitive
to effects of the pion and renormalization in the nuclear medium,
similar to those found in the coherent reaction, but magnified
because of the presence of the two pions.Comment: 17 pages LATEX and 11 postscript figure
Young star clusters in M31
In our study of M31's globular cluster system with MMT/Hectospec, we have
obtained high-quality spectra of 85 clusters with ages less than 1 Gyr. With
the exception of Hubble V, the young cluster in NGC 205, we find that these
young clusters have kinematics and spatial distribution consistent with
membership in M31's young disk. Preliminary estimates of the cluster masses and
structural parameters, using spectroscopically derived ages and HST imaging,
confirms earlier suggestions that M31 has clusters similar to the LMC's young
populous clusters.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, contributed talk at "Galaxies in the Local Volume"
conference in Sydney, July 200
Improved results for N=(2,2) super Yang-Mills theory using supersymmetric discrete light-cone quantization
We consider the (1+1)-dimensional super Yang--Mills theory
which is obtained by dimensionally reducing super Yang--Mills
theory in four dimension to two dimensions. We do our calculations in the
large- approximation using Supersymmetric Discrete Light Cone
Quantization. The objective is to calculate quantities that might be
investigated by researchers using other numerical methods. We present a
precision study of the low-mass spectrum and the stress-energy correlator
. We find that the mass gap of this theory closes as the
numerical resolution goes to infinity and that the correlator in the
intermediate region behaves like .Comment: 18 pages, 8 figure
Experimental indication on chiral symmetry restoration in meson spectrum
The spectroscopic predictions of the Ademollo-Veneziano-Weinberg dual model
are critically tested in view of the modern experimental data. The predicted
equidistance of masses squared for chiral partners is shown to be violated high
in energies, instead one observes an approximate degeneracy of these
quantities. This phenomenon can be interpreted as the restoration of
Wigner-Weyl realization of chiral symmetry for highly excited states. The scale
of complete restoration is expected to be 2.5 GeV. A multispin-parity cluster
structure of meson spectrum is revealed.Comment: To be published in Phys. Lett. B, 10 pages, 1 figure, some comments
and references are adde
Classification of protein interaction sentences via gaussian processes
The increase in the availability of protein interaction studies in textual format coupled with the demand for easier access to the key results has lead to a need for text mining solutions. In the text processing pipeline, classification is a key step for extraction of small sections of relevant text. Consequently, for the task of locating protein-protein interaction sentences, we examine the use of a classifier which has rarely been applied to text, the Gaussian processes (GPs). GPs are a non-parametric probabilistic analogue to the more popular support vector machines (SVMs). We find that GPs outperform the SVM and na\"ive Bayes classifiers on binary sentence data, whilst showing equivalent performance on abstract and multiclass sentence corpora. In addition, the lack of the margin parameter, which requires costly tuning, along with the principled multiclass extensions enabled by the probabilistic framework make GPs an appealing alternative worth of further adoption
Self-organization in a phonon laser
We make an adaptation of laser modelling equations to describe the behavior
of a phonon laser (saser). Our saser consists of an AlGaAs/GaAs double barrier
heterostructure designed to generate an intense beam of transversal acoustic
(TA) phonons. To study our system, we begin with a Hamiltonian that describes
the decay of primary longitudinal optical phonons (LO_1) into secondary (LO_2)
and TA (LO_1 -> LO_2 + TA) and its inverse process (recombination). Using this
Hamiltonian, a set of coupled equations of motion for the phonons is obtained.
We also consider the interaction between the phonons and its reservoirs. These
interactions are introduced in the equations of motion leading to a set of
coupled Langevin equations. In order to obtain an expression to describe our
saser we apply, in the Langevin equations, an adiabatic elimination of some
variables of the subsystem. Following the method above we obtain the value of
the injection threshold for the operation of our phonon laser. At this
threshold occurs a phase transition from a disordered to a coherent state. It
is shown that it is not necessary a big "optical" pumping to get a sasing
region.Comment: 4 figure
Black hole collision with a scalar particle in four, five and seven dimensional anti-de Sitter spacetimes: ringing and radiation
In this work we compute the spectra, waveforms and total scalar energy
radiated during the radial infall of a small test particle coupled to a scalar
field into a -dimensional Schwarzschild-anti-de Sitter black hole. We focus
on and 7, extending the analysis we have done for . For small
black holes, the spectra peaks strongly at a frequency , which
is the lowest pure anti-de Sitter (AdS) mode. The waveform vanishes
exponentially as , and this exponential decay is governed
entirely by the lowest quasinormal frequency. This collision process is
interesting from the point of view of the dynamics itself in relation to the
possibility of manufacturing black holes at LHC within the brane world
scenario, and from the point of view of the AdS/CFT conjecture, since the
scalar field can represent the string theory dilaton, and 4, 5, 7 are
dimensions of interest for the AdS/CFT correspondence.Comment: 16 pages, 13 figures. Published versio
Iterative algorithms for total variation-like reconstructions in seismic tomography
A qualitative comparison of total variation like penalties (total variation,
Huber variant of total variation, total generalized variation, ...) is made in
the context of global seismic tomography. Both penalized and constrained
formulations of seismic recovery problems are treated. A number of simple
iterative recovery algorithms applicable to these problems are described. The
convergence speed of these algorithms is compared numerically in this setting.
For the constrained formulation a new algorithm is proposed and its convergence
is proven.Comment: 28 pages, 8 figures. Corrected sign errors in formula (25
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