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Introduction to the Deep Convective Clouds and Chemistry (DC3) 2012 Studies
The Deep Convective Clouds and Chemistry (DC3) project aimed to determine the impact ofdeep, midlatitude continental convective clouds on tropospheric composition and chemistry. The DC3field campaign was conducted over a broad area of the central United States during May–June 2012. Datacollected by DC3 have been extensively analyzed, with many results published in Deep Convective Cloudsand Chemistry 2012 Studies (DC3), a joint special section of JGR Atmospheres and Geophysical ResearchLetters. This paper highlights key results from the DC3 project as an introduction to the special issue.</p
Development of LEBT and beam dynamics study in an initial RFQ part (input radio matcher) for a Heavy ion high current GSI-HSI-RFQ
Different variants of the LEBT for a Heavy Ion RFQ (GSI-UNILAC) were numerically investigated. The requirements
for initial matching conditions for the RFQ structure have been defined. The optimization of an unmodulated
input radio matcher (IRM) with a lowed slope of beam envelope was carried out with the use of the optimizing
code ABC developed. The beam dynamics simulation with the use of the method of macroparticles was performed
for the input radio matcher in comparison with the codes DYNAMION and PROTON. The comparison with data
obtained from envelope equations and simulations was carried out.Численно исследованы различные варианты LEBT для сильноточного ускорителя с ПОКФ (UNILAC). Определены требования к начальным согласованным условиям в структуре ПОКФ. Оптимизация немодулированного входного динамического согласователя со сниженным углом наклона огибающей пучка выполнена с применением разработанной программы АВС. Численное моделирование динамики пучка методом крупных частиц сделано во входном динамическом согласователе в сопоставлении по программам DYNAMION и PROTON. Сделано сравнение с данными, полученными по уравнениям для огибающих и численного моделирования.Чисельно досліджені різні варіанти LEBT для потужнострумового прискорювача з ПОКФ (UNІLAC).
Визначено вимоги до початкових узгоджених умов у структурі ПОКФ. Оптимізація немодульованого
вхідного динамічного узгоджувача зі зниженим кутом нахилу обвідна пучка виконана із застосуванням
розробленої програми АВС. Чисельне моделювання динаміки пучка методом великих часток зроблено у
вхідному динамічному узгоджувачі в зіставленні по програмах DYNAMІON і PROTON. Зроблено
порівняння з даними, отриманими по рівняннях для обвідних і чисельного моделювання
Wavefunction statistics in open chaotic billiards
We study the statistical properties of wavefunctions in a chaotic billiard
that is opened up to the outside world. Upon increasing the openings, the
billiard wavefunctions cross over from real to complex. Each wavefunction is
characterized by a phase rigidity, which is itself a fluctuating quantity. We
calculate the probability distribution of the phase rigidity and discuss how
phase rigidity fluctuations cause long-range correlations of intensity and
current density. We also find that phase rigidities for wavefunctions with
different incoming wave boundary conditions are statistically correlated.Comment: 4 pages, RevTeX; 1 figur
Spin Fluctuations and the Magnetic Phase Diagram of ZrZn2
The magnetic properties of the weak itinerant ferromagnet ZrZn_2 are analyzed
using Landau theory based on a comparison of density functional calculations
and experimental data as a function of field and pressure. We find that the
magnetic properties are strongly affected by the nearby quantum critical point,
even at zero pressure; LDA calculations neglecting quantum critical spin
fluctuations overestimate the magnetization by a factor of approximately three.
Using renormalized Landau theory, we extract pressure dependence of the
fluctuation amplitude. It appears that a simple scaling based on the
fluctuation-dissipation theorem provides a good description of this pressure
dependence.Comment: 4 revtex page
Antiflow of kaons in relativistic heavy ion collisions
We compare relativistic transport model calculations to recent data on the
sideward flow of neutral strange K^0_s mesons for Au+Au collisions at 6 AGeV. A
soft nuclear equation of state is found to describe very well the positive
proton flow data measured in the same experiment. In the absence of kaon
potential, the K^0 flow pattern is similar to that of protons. The kaon flow
becomes negative if a repulsive kaon potential determined from the impulse
approximation is introduced. However, this potential underestimates the data
which exhibits larger antiflow. An excellent agreement with the data is
obtained when a relativistic scalar-vector kaon potential, that has stronger
density dependence, is used. We further find that the transverse momentum
dependence of directed and elliptic flow is quite sensitive to the kaon
potential in dense matter.Comment: 5 pages, Revtex, 4 figure
A novel method for adult height prediction in children with idiopathic short stature derived from a German-Dutch cohort
Context: Prediction of adult height (AH) is important in clinical management of short children. The conventional methods of Bayley-Pinneau (BP) or Roche-Wainer-Thissen (RWT) have limitations. Objective: We aimed to develop a set of algorithms for AH prediction in patients with idiopathic short stature (ISS) which are specific for combinations of predicting variables. Methods: Demographic and auxologic data were collected in childhood (1980s) and at AH (1990s). Data were collected by Dutch and German referral centers for pediatric endocrinology. A total of 292 subjects with ISS (219 male, 73 female) were enrolled. The population was randomly split into modeling (n = 235) and validation (n = 57) cohorts. Linear multi-regression analysis was performed with predicted AH (PAH) as response variable and combinations of chronological age (CA), baseline height, parental heights, relative bone age (BA/CA), birth weight, and sex as exploratory variables. Results: Ten models including different exploratory variables were selected with adjusted R-2 ranging from 0.84 to 0.78 and prediction errors from 3.16 to 3.68 cm. Applied to the validation cohort, mean residuals (PAH minus observed AH) ranged from -0.29 to -0.82 cm, while the conventional methods showed some overprediction (BP: +0.53 cm; RWT: +1.33 cm; projected AH: +3.81 cm). There was no significant trend of residuals with PAH or any exploratory variables, in contrast to BP and projected AH. Conclusion: This set of 10 multi-regression algorithms, developed specifically for children with ISS, provides a flexible tool for AH prediction with better accuracy than the conventional methods.Developmen
The Horizontal Component of Photospheric Plasma Flows During the Emergence of Active Regions on the Sun
The dynamics of horizontal plasma flows during the first hours of the
emergence of active region magnetic flux in the solar photosphere have been
analyzed using SOHO/MDI data. Four active regions emerging near the solar limb
have been considered. It has been found that extended regions of Doppler
velocities with different signs are formed in the first hours of the magnetic
flux emergence in the horizontal velocity field. The flows observed are
directly connected with the emerging magnetic flux; they form at the beginning
of the emergence of active regions and are present for a few hours. The Doppler
velocities of flows observed increase gradually and reach their peak values
4-12 hours after the start of the magnetic flux emergence. The peak values of
the mean (inside the +/-500 m/s isolines) and maximum Doppler velocities are
800-970 m/s and 1410-1700 m/s, respectively. The Doppler velocities observed
substantially exceed the separation velocities of the photospheric magnetic
flux outer boundaries. The asymmetry was detected between velocity structures
of leading and following polarities. Doppler velocity structures located in a
region of leading magnetic polarity are more powerful and exist longer than
those in regions of following polarity. The Doppler velocity asymmetry between
the velocity structures of opposite sign reaches its peak values soon after the
emergence begins and then gradually drops within 7-12 hours. The peak values of
asymmetry for the mean and maximal Doppler velocities reach 240-460 m/s and
710-940 m/s, respectively. An interpretation of the observable flow of
photospheric plasma is given.Comment: 20 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables. The results of article were presented
at the ESPM-13 (12-16 September 2011, Rhodes, Greece, Abstract Book p. 102,
P.4.12,
http://astro.academyofathens.gr/espm13/documents/ESPM13_abstract_programme_book.pdf
The Relationship Between Plasma Flow Doppler Velocities and Magnetic Field Parameters During the Emergence of Active Regions at the Solar Photospheric Level
A statistical study has been carried out of the relationship between plasma
flow Doppler velocities and magnetic field parameters during the emergence of
active regions at the solar photospheric level with data acquired by the
Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) onboard the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory
(SOHO). We have investigated 224 emerging active regions with different spatial
scales and positions on the solar disc. The following relationships for the
first hours of the emergence of active regions have been analysed: i) of peak
negative Doppler velocities with the position of the emerging active regions on
the solar disc; ii) of peak plasma upflow and downflow Doppler velocities with
the magnetic flux growth rate and magnetic field strength for the active
regions emerging near the solar disc centre (the vertical component of plasma
flows); iii) of peak positive and negative Doppler velocities with the magnetic
flux growth rate and magnetic field strength for the active regions emerging
near the limb (the horizontal component of plasma flows); iv) of the magnetic
flux growth rate with the density of emerging magnetic flux; v) of the Doppler
velocities and magnetic field parameters for the first hours of the appearance
of active regions with the total unsigned magnetic flux at the maximum of their
development.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures. The results of article were presented at the
ESPM-13 (12-16 September 2011, Rhodes, Greece, Abstract Book p. 102-103,
P.4.13,
http://astro.academyofathens.gr/espm13/documents/ESPM13_abstract_programme_book.pdf
Intersubband spin-density excitations in quantum wells with Rashba spin splitting
In inversion-asymmetric semiconductors, spin-orbit coupling induces a
k-dependent spin splitting of valence and conduction bands, which is a
well-known cause for spin decoherence in bulk and heterostructures.
Manipulating nonequilibrium spin coherence in device applications thus requires
understanding how valence and conduction band spin splitting affects carrier
spin dynamics. This paper studies the relevance of this decoherence mechanism
for collective intersubband spin-density excitations (SDEs) in quantum wells. A
density-functional formalism for the linear spin-density matrix response is
presented that describes SDEs in the conduction band of quantum wells with
subbands that may be non-parabolic and spin-split due to bulk or structural
inversion asymmetry (Rashba effect). As an example, we consider a 40 nm
GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well, including Rashba spin splitting of the conduction
subbands. We find a coupling and wavevector-dependent splitting of the
longitudinal and transverse SDEs. However, decoherence of the SDEs is not
determined by subband spin splitting, due to collective effects arising from
dynamical exchange and correlation.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figure
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