Experiments on rehabilitation of radioactive metallic waste (RMW) of reactor stainless steels of Siberian chemical plant

Stainless steel pipes, used to cool a reactor plant, have a high cost, and aftertaking a reactor out of service they must be buried together with other radioactivewaste. Therefore, the relevant problem is the rinse of pipes from contamination,followed by returning to operation

The local crystallization in nanoscale diamond-like carbon films during annealing

The local crystallization during annealing at 600° C in nanoscale diamond-like carbon coatings films grown by pulsed vacuum-arc deposition method was observed using modern techniques of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The crystallites formed by annealing have a face-centred cubic crystal structure and grow in the direction [011] as a normal to the film surface. The number and size of the crystallites depend on the initial values of the intrinsic stresses before annealing, which in turn depend on the conditions of film growth. The sizes of crystallites are 10 nm for films with initial compressive stresses of 3 GPa and 17 nm for films with initial compres- sive stresses of 12 GPa. Areas of local crystallization arising during annealing have a structure dif- ferent from the graphit

Slow deterministic vector rogue waves

For an erbium-doped fiber laser mode-locked by carbon nanotubes, we demonstrate experimentally and theoretically a new type of the vector rogue waves emerging as a result of the chaotic evolution of the trajectories between two orthogonal states of polarization on the Poincare sphere. In terms of fluctuation induced phenomena, by tuning polarization controller for the pump wave and in-cavity polarization controller, we are able to control the Kramers time, i.e. the residence time of the trajectory in vicinity of each orthogonal state of polarization, and so can cause the rare events satisfying rogue wave criteria and having the form of transitions from the state with the long residence time to the state with a short residence time

Changes in normalized permutation entropy during non-coherent pulsepulse interaction in the laser cavity

Summary form only given. Statistically extreme events, that is to say, the events which have L-shaped probability distribution function (PDF, or in other words L-statistics) and, in particular, the rogue wave (RW) events, constitute a special family of natural phenomena. Curiously, this kind of events is more common than it is believed. It was observed that the behavior of the systems which obey L-shaped statistics is clustered. Periods of high predictability and low volatility are followed by periods of drastic changes and high volatility, for example, RWs [1], earthquakes, epileptic seizures etc. Permutation entropy (PE) is an indicator of dynamical predictability of the system [2, 3] which allows quantization of the predictability or volatility. We report an investigation of using it to characterize the uncertainty period which was observed during pulse-pulse interaction in a long ring laser resonator without a saturable absorber. These resonators, in particular, the resonator built using Er3+ doped fiber (Fig.1), have polarization dependent instability near the lasing threshold [4] which leads to the generation of pulses propagating with different speed, either randomly or regularly. Using this property, an investigator can observe the mechanism of the pulse-pulse interaction in detai

Nanostructured coatings based on amorphous carbon and gold nanoparticles obtained by the pulsed vacuum-arc method

Nanostructured coatings based on diamond-like carbon and gold-doped carbon with a thickness of 100-300 nm were obtained by a pulsed vacuum-arc method on silicon substrates. The structure of the coatingswas studied by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, the elemental composition was studied by X-ray microanalysi

Proceedings of the Scientific-Practical Conference "Research and Development - 2016"

This open access book relates to the III Annual Conference hosted by the Russian Federal Ministry of Education and Science in December 2016. This event has summarized, analyzed and discussed the interim results, academic outputs and scientific achievements of the Russian Federal Targeted Programme for Research and Development in priority areas of development of the Russian Scientific and Technological Complex for 2014-2020. It contains 75 selected papers from 6 areas considered priority by the Federal programme: computer science, ecology & environment sciences; energy and energy efficiency; life sciences; nanoscience & nanotechnology; and transport & communications. The chapters report the results of the 3-years research projects supported by the Programme and finalized in 2016

Lithologic-paleogeographic characteristics of the Bobrikovskian sedimentation stage in the Orenburg region

Terrigenous beds of the Bobrikivskian horizon are among the principal production facilities in the Orenburg region. Diverse views on the formation environments of the deposits testify to the complex structure of the study object and emphasize the actuality of the current research. The paper deals with the structure, composition and formation environments of the Bobrikovskian horizon in the Orenburg region. Complex sedimentological examinations of the core material from the prospect-appraisal and exploratory wells have been made. Formation settings of the Bobrikovskian horizon have been reconstructed, a paleogeographic chart has been developed. Productive strata are peculiar for non-uniform structure, which is mostly controlled by the bed genesis. Aleurite-sandy and clayey rocks were formed either in the marine basin zones with active hydrodynamics of the sedimentation environment (coastal-marine, shallow-water marine facies of the near and the far zones), or in an accumulative alluvial-deltaic plain. At that, the principal sedimentation regulator consisted of the environment itself and the unstable sedimentation processes against the background of the basin general gradual subsidence in the Early Visean. Those fast-acting factors account for the frequent facies conversions of the aleurite-sandy rocks into clayey ones and for the lenticular- discontinuous structure of the strata, considerably complicating exploration and development of the hydrocarbon deposits. Peculiarities of the area tectonic structure and development, paleorelief of the bottom and the evolution character of the sedimentation basin have predestined development of a particular type of the Bobrikovskian horizon section within the specified facies-paleogeographic zones in the southeast of the Volga-Ural anteclise. Promising explorations are associated with the sections represented by alternating sandstones, aleurolites and argillites peculiar for higher contents of sandy material (up to 70%) and confined to the deltaic and coastalmarine facies-paleogeographic zones. Those may result in discoveries of hydrocarbon pools in non-structural and combined traps

Fast and slow optical rogue waves in the fiber laser

We reported an experimental study on fast and slow temporal scaling of rogue waves’ emergence in a long (615 m) ring cavity erbium-doped fiber laser. The criterion for distinguishing between the fast and slow rogue waves is a comparison of the event lifetime with the system’s main characteristic time estimated from the decay of an autocorrelation function (AF). Thus, compared with the AF characteristic time, fast optical rogue wave (FORW) events have lifetime duration shorter than the AF decay time, and they appeared due to the mechanism of the pulse-to-pulse interaction and nonlinear pulse dynamics. In contrast, a slow optical rogue wave (SORW) has lifetime duration much longer than the decay time of the AF, which results from the hopping between different attractors. Switching between regimes can be managed by adjusting the in-cavity birefringence

INCREASE MANEUVERING CAPABILITIES COMBINED CYCLE COGENERATION PLANT USING THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER ADDITIONAL FUEL

Description of the modernization of the boiler by installing additional fuel combustion chamber, which increase its efficiency and maneuverability to cover the increasing loads.Описание модернизации котла за счет установки камеры сжигания дополнительного топлива, что повысить его эффективность и маневренность для покрытия возрастающих нагрузок

IMPROVING THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF AIRCOOLING DEVICES FOR COMPRESSOR STATIONS OF MAIN GAS PIPELINES

A comparative analysis of the ways to improve the energy efficiency of natural gas air coolers at compressor stations of main gas pipelines is carried out. It is shown that the most energy-efficient solution is the use of a frequency drive of the cooling apparatus fans.Проведен сравнительный анализ способов повышения энергоэффективности аппаратов воздушного охлаждения природного газа на компрессорных станциях магистральных газопроводов. Показано, что наиболее энергоэффективным решением является применение частотного привода вентиляторов аппаратов охлаждения