854 research outputs found
To the practical design of the optical lever intracavity topology of gravitational-wave detectors
The QND intracavity topologies of gravitational-wave detectors proposed
several years ago allow, in principle, to obtain sensitivity significantly
better than the Standard Quantum Limit using relatively small anount of optical
pumping power. In this article we consider an improved more ``practical''
version of the optical lever intracavity scheme. It differs from the original
version by the symmetry which allows to suppress influence of the input light
amplitude fluctuation. In addition, it provides the means to inject optical
pumping inside the scheme without increase of optical losses.
We consider also sensitivity limitations imposed by the local meter which is
the key element of the intracavity topologies. Two variants of the local meter
are analyzed, which are based on the spectral variation measurement and on the
Discrete Sampling Variation Measurement, correspondingly. The former one, while
can not be considered as a candidate for a practical implementation, allows, in
principle, to obtain the best sensitivity and thus can be considered as an
ideal ``asymptotic case'' for all other schemes. The DSVM-based local meter can
be considered as a realistic scheme but its sensitivity, unfortunately, is by
far not so good just due to a couple of peculiar numeric factors specific for
this scheme.
From our point of view search of new methods of mechanical QND measurements
probably based on improved DSVM scheme or which combine the local meter with
the pondermotive squeezing technique, is necessary.Comment: 27 pages, 6 figure
Dual-Resonator Speed Meter for a Free Test Mass
A description and analysis are given of a ``speed meter'' for monitoring a
classical force that acts on a test mass. This speed meter is based on two
microwave resonators (``dual resonators''), one of which couples evanescently
to the position of the test mass. The sloshing of the resulting signal between
the resonators, and a wise choice of where to place the resonators' output
waveguide, produce a signal in the waveguide that (for sufficiently low
frequencies) is proportional to the test-mass velocity (speed) rather than its
position. This permits the speed meter to achieve force-measurement
sensitivities better than the standard quantum limit (SQL), both when operating
in a narrow-band mode and a wide-band mode. A scrutiny of experimental issues
shows that it is feasible, with current technology, to construct a
demonstration speed meter that beats the wide-band SQL by a factor 2. A concept
is sketched for an adaptation of this speed meter to optical frequencies; this
adaptation forms the basis for a possible LIGO-III interferometer that could
beat the gravitational-wave standard quantum limit h_SQL, but perhaps only by a
factor 1/xi = h_SQL/h ~ 3 (constrained by losses in the optics) and at the
price of a very high circulating optical power --- larger by 1/xi^2 than that
required to reach the SQL.Comment: RevTex: 13 pages with 4 embedded figures (two .eps format and two
drawn in TeX); Submitted to Physical Review
Evaluation advanced lymph node dissection impact on long-term survival rate of gastric cancer patients. Journal of Education
Over a period of 2007-2011 188 stomach cancer (SC) patients have been included in the
research in abdominal oncosurgical department of Odessa regional oncological dispensary. It
was retrospective, one-center, nonrandomized research. Volume of lymph node dissections
differed by quantity of lymph nodes to be removed. All patients were divided into three groups.
Patients with D1 or D1+ lymph node dissections have been performed, totally 90 patients are
included in group of historical control. The main group includes 33 patients to whom D3 lymph
node dissections is executed and, finally, control group – 65 patients dissected up to the D2
volume. In all cases so-called lymph node dissections for principal reasons have been executed.
The multifactorial analysis of patients survival is implemented depending on a type of a lymph
node dissections, a stage of the cancer, number of involved lymph nodes, involvement of the
tumoral microcirculatory net (ly is carried out, v) signs of a perinevral invasion (Nev),
availability of residual tumoral tissue (R), degree of a differentiation (G). Regardless of a disease
stage, SC at 60% of patients, represented with initially hematologicaly disseminated disease.
40% of SC`s had no signs of intratumoral microcirculatory net involvement even in case of more
than 15 regional lymph nodes are involved. In the absence of a SC perinevral invasion appeared
to be the most precise predictive marker. The conclusion is made some brand new additional53
prognostic factors could play a crucial role in more accurate patients selection for expanded
lymph node dissections
Theory of superfast fronts of impact ionization in semiconductor structures
We present an analytical theory for impact ionization fronts in reversely
biased p^{+}-n-n^{+} structures. The front propagates into a depleted n base
with a velocity that exceeds the saturated drift velocity. The front passage
generates a dense electron-hole plasma and in this way switches the structure
from low to high conductivity. For a planar front we determine the
concentration of the generated plasma, the maximum electric field, the front
width and the voltage over the n base as functions of front velocity and doping
of the n base. Theory takes into account that drift velocities and impact
ionization coefficients differ between electrons and holes, and it makes
quantitative predictions for any semiconductor material possible.Comment: 18 pagers, 10 figure
Ultra high-Q WGM microspheres from ZBLAN for the mid-IR band
The advantages of high-quality-factor whispering gallery mode microresonators
can be applied to develop novel photonic devices for the mid-IR range. ZBLAN
(glass based on heavy metal fluorides) is one of the most promising materials
to be used for this purpose due to low optical losses in the mid-IR. We
developed original fabrication method based on melting of commercially
available ZBLAN-based optical fiber to produce high-Q ZBLAN microspheres with
the diameters of 250 to 350 m. We effectively excited whispering gallery
modes in these microspheres and demonstrated high quality factor both at 1.55
m and 2.64 m. Intrinsic quality factor at telecom wavelength was
shown which is defined by the material losses in ZBLAN.
In the mid-IR at 2.64 m we demonstrated record quality factor in ZBLAN
exceeding which is comparable to the highest values of the Q-factor
among all materials in the mid-IR
Molecular genetic characteristics of gastric cancers from the surgeon’s point of view
Dubinina V. G., Mashukov A. A., Lukyanchuk O. V., Bilenko A. A., Zgura A. N., Raciborsky D. V., Lee S. N. Molecular genetic characteristics of gastric cancers from the surgeon’s point of view. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(11):592-621. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.200394
http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/4063
The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015).
755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7
© The Author (s) 2016;
This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland
Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,
provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial
use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.
Received: 02.11.2016. Revised 22.11.2016. Accepted: 30.11.2016.
MOLECULAR GENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF GASTRIC CANCERS FROM THE SURGEON’S POINT OF VIEW
V. G. Dubinina1, A. A. Mashukov2, O. V. Lukyanchuk2, A. A. Bilenko1, A. N. Zgura2,
D. V. Raciborsky2, S. N. Lee2
1Odessa National Medical university
2Odessa Regional Oncology center
Summary
A study on the expression of oncoproteins in stomach` carcinomas, has been turned into a real research basically due to the abundance of results and their comprehensive interpretations. The study carried out on the abdominal onco-surgical department of Odessa Regional Oncology Center, included a study of 188 patients operated on for gastric cancer (GC) between 2007-2011. In all cases was performed the so-called lymphadenectomy for the principal reason of extensive preventive biopsy of visually unchanged lymph nodes. We spend a multivariate analysis of interactions between the expression of oncoproteins p53, VEGFR-3, erbB2, Ki67 and micro involvement of tumor vasculature (ly, v), the local growth (T), the presence of residual tumor tissue (the R), the degree of tumor differentiation (the G) the degree of regional lymph nodes involvement (N) and type of infiltration (Inf α, β, Inf Υ).
Keywords: Stomach cancer, Immunohistochemistry and Oncoproteins
Analysis of survival after radical surgery for stomach cancer in odessa regional cancer center
The survival of patients with the locally advanced stage of stomach cancer
(SC), who underwent various variants of preventive lymphatic nodes
dissection, was considered. The survival of patients was compared with the
stage and T, N indexes. Lymphadenectomy D2 were effective and increased
cumulative survival in patient`s group T4aNoMo, stage IIB and T4aN1Mo,
stage III A, and in groups of patients where D2 lymphadenectomy were
ineffective - T4bNoMo, stage ІІІB, T4bN1Мo, stage ІІІB and T4aN2Мo,
stage IIIB. D2 were more efficient operation in the case of tumor serosa
invasion and invasion to the peritoneal cavity (SE) in the absence of multiple
metastases to the regional lymph nodes (N1 according to the 7th revision of
the classification - 1-2 metastatic lymph nodes), and when
the tumor infiltrated the surrounding organs (SI) and the presence of multiple
regional metastases, D2 lymphodissection did not gave positive results,
comparising with D1
Comparison of survival rates made by the 6-th and 7-th editions of TNM classification in stomach cancer patients
The available classifications of malignant tumors reflect various aspects of their
growth and some biological features. The most commonly used in Ukraine is the 6-th revision of TNM
classification, which differs from the previous classifications of the section "Gastric cancer", mainly
staging of category N, reflecting the presence of metastases in regional lymph nodes. Transition to the
7-th classification of TNM translates a part of patients from one stage to another, there is a so-called
"stage migration" phenomenon. The famous mathematical phenomenon of Will Rogers describes this
transition and theoretically substantiates its objectivity. The authors tracked the migration of patients
and the change in the stage mainly from the point of view of the effect of this event on the survival of
patients with stomach cancer
Optimizing the regimes of Advanced LIGO gravitational wave detector for multiple source types
We develop here algorithms which allow to find regimes of signal-recycled
Fabry-Perot--Michelson interferometer (for example, Advanced LIGO), optimized
concurrently for two (binary inspirals + bursts) and three (binary inspirals +
bursts + millisecond pulsars) types of gravitational waves sources. We show
that there exists a relatevely large area in the interferometer parameters
space where the detector sensitivity to the first two kinds of sources differs
only by a few percent from the maximal ones for each kind of source. In
particular, there exists a specific regime where this difference is ~0.5 for
both of them. Furthermore we show that even more multipurpose regimes are also
possible, that provide significant sensitivity gain for millisecond pulsars
with only minor sensitivity degradation for binary inspirals and bursts.Comment: 10 pages, 14 figures, 3 tables. Minor corrections in main text are
done in version 2 and two plots and one table are added for the sake of
clarity of the obtained result
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