Bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis after kidney surgery

A 57-year-old woman underwent an enucleoresection of her right kidney angiomyolipoma. Two weeks later she was admitted to our hospital because of dyspnea at rest with orthopnea. The chest x-ray showed the elevation of both hemidiaphragms and the measurement of the sniff transdiaphragmatic pressure confirmed the diagnosis of bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis. A diaphragm paralysis can be ascribed to several causes, i.e. trauma, compressive events, inflammations, neuropathies, or it can be idiopathic. In this case, it was very likely that the patient suffered from post-surgery neuralgic amyotrophy. To our knowledge, there are only a few reported cases of neuralgic amyotrophy, also known as Parsonage- Turner Syndrome, which affects only the phrenic nerve as a consequence of a surgery in an anatomically distant site

Um estudo numérico do modelo de Timoshenko com mecanismos dissipativos

In this work we gather works from the literature that present the qualitative study via linear semigroups to the Timoshenko Beams System with dissipative mechanisms. Such problems do not have an analytical solution, but with the use of the exponentials theory of non-limited operators and Functional Analysis tools, it is possible to perform the asymptotic analysis for the models presented. Therefore, the objective of the work is accomplish a numerical analysis, using finite difference methods. We show that the qualitative results, proven by the semigroup theory, are verified for beam with concrete material and aluminum material.Neste trabalho reunimos trabalhos da literatura que apresentam o estudo qualitativo via semigrupos lineares para o Sistema de Vigas de Timoshenko com mecanismos dissipativos. Tais problemas, nao possuem solucao analítica, mas com o uso da teoria de exponenciais de operadores nao limitados e ferramentas de Análise Funcional é possível fazer a análise assintótica para os modelos apresentados. Sendo assim, o objetivo do trabalho é fazer uma análise numérica, usando métodos de diferencas finitas, mostrando que os resultados qualitativos verificados pela teoria de semigrupos, é verificada para viga com o material concreto e o material alumínio

Extended Representations of Observables and States for a Noncontextual Reinterpretation of QM

A crucial and problematical feature of quantum mechanics (QM) is nonobjectivity of properties. The ESR model restores objectivity reinterpreting quantum probabilities as conditional on detection and embodying the mathematical formalism of QM into a broader noncontextual (hence local) framework. We propose here an improved presentation of the ESR model containing a more complete mathematical representation of the basic entities of the model. We also extend the model to mixtures showing that the mathematical representations of proper mixtures does not coincide with the mathematical representation of mixtures provided by QM, while the representation of improper mixtures does. This feature of the ESR model entails that some interpretative problems raising in QM when dealing with mixtures are avoided. From an empirical point of view the predictions of the ESR model depend on some parameters which may be such that they are very close to the predictions of QM in most cases. But the nonstandard representation of proper mixtures allows us to propose the scheme of an experiment that could check whether the predictions of QM or the predictions of the ESR model are correct.Comment: 17 pages, standard latex. Extensively revised versio

Modeling Concept Combinations in a Quantum-theoretic Framework

We present modeling for conceptual combinations which uses the mathematical formalism of quantum theory. Our model faithfully describes a large amount of experimental data collected by different scholars on concept conjunctions and disjunctions. Furthermore, our approach sheds a new light on long standing drawbacks connected with vagueness, or fuzziness, of concepts, and puts forward a completely novel possible solution to the 'combination problem' in concept theory. Additionally, we introduce an explanation for the occurrence of quantum structures in the mechanisms and dynamics of concepts and, more generally, in cognitive and decision processes, according to which human thought is a well structured superposition of a 'logical thought' and a 'conceptual thought', and the latter usually prevails over the former, at variance with some widespread beliefsComment: 5 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1311.605

О физической интерпретации частичных следов: две нестандартные точки зрения

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A Hilbert Space Representation of Generalized Observables and Measurement Processes in the ESR Model

The extended semantic realism (ESR) model recently worked out by one of the authors embodies the mathematical formalism of standard (Hilbert space) quantum mechanics in a noncontextual framework, reinterpreting quantum probabilities as conditional instead of absolute. We provide here a Hilbert space representation of the generalized observables introduced by the ESR model that satisfy a simple physical condition, propose a generalization of the projection postulate, and suggest a possible mathematical description of the measurement process in terms of evolution of the compound system made up of the measured system and the measuring apparatus.Comment: 12 pages, Standard Latex, Minor revision

Probability Measures and projections on Quantum Logics

The present paper is devoted to modelling of a probability measure of logical connectives on a quantum logic (QL), via a $G$-map, which is a special map on it. We follow the work in which the probability of logical conjunction, disjunction and symmetric difference and their negations for non-compatible propositions are studied. We study such a $G$-map on quantum logics, which is a probability measure of a projection and show, that unlike classical (Boolean) logic, probability measure of projections on a quantum logic are not necessarilly pure projections. We compare properties of a $G$-map on QLs with properties of a probability measure related to logical connectives on a Boolean algebra