81 research outputs found

    The brown adipocyte differentiation pathway in birds: An evolutionary road not taken

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    Background Thermogenic brown adipose tissue has never been described in birds or other non-mammalian vertebrates. Brown adipocytes in mammals are distinguished from the more common white fat adipocytes by having numerous small lipid droplets rather than a single large one, elevated numbers of mitochondria, and mitochondrial expression of the nuclear gene UCP1, the uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation responsible for non-shivering thermogenesis. Results We have identified in vitro inductive conditions in which mesenchymal cells isolated from the embryonic chicken limb bud differentiate into avian brown adipocyte-like cells (ABALCs) with the morphological and many of the biochemical properties of terminally differentiated brown adipocytes. Avian, and as we show here, lizard species lack the gene for UCP1, although it is present in amphibian and fish species. While ABALCs are therefore not functional brown adipocytes, they are generated by a developmental pathway virtually identical to brown fat differentiation in mammals: both the common adipogenic transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-Ξ³ (PPARΞ³), and a coactivator of that factor specific to brown fat differentiation in mammals, PGC1Ξ±, are elevated in expression, as are mitochondrial volume and DNA. Furthermore, ABALCs induction resulted in strong transcription from a transfected mouse UCP1 promoter. Conclusion These findings strongly suggest that the brown fat differentiation pathway evolved in a common ancestor of birds and mammals and its thermogenicity was lost in the avian lineage, with the degradation of UCP1, after it separated from the mammalian lineage. Since this event occurred no later than the saurian ancestor of birds and lizards, an implication of this is that dinosaurs had neither UCP1 nor canonically thermogenic brown fat.Nadejda V Mezentseva, Jaliya S Kumaratilake and Stuart A Newma

    MOOC introduction into educational process: experience of on-line courses integration in university educational programs

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    The article presents the results of a study on the introduction of mass open online courses into educational programs of the Belgorod State National Research Universit

    Improving independent physical training student

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    Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρƒ ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ стрСмлСния ΠΊ физичСскому ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ.Of great importance is the formation of students desire for physical improvement

    ΠžΠ‘ΠžΠ‘ΠΠžΠ’ΠΠΠ˜Π• Π€ΠΠ ΠœΠΠšΠžΠ›ΠžΠ“Π˜Π§Π•Π‘ΠšΠžΠ™ ΠšΠžΠ Π Π•ΠšΠ¦Π˜Π˜ ΠœΠ˜ΠΠ•Π ΠΠ›Π¬ΠΠžΠ“Πž Π‘ΠžΠ‘Π’ΠΠ’Π Π ΠΠ¦Π˜ΠžΠΠžΠ’ Π”Π›Π― Π–Π˜Π’ΠžΠ’ΠΠ«Π₯

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    The pharmacological correction of the mineral composition of animal nutrition has been substantiated. The analysis of the results of studies of fodder by veterinary laboratories of theΒ Novosibirsk region for the period 2018–2019 was carried out. It has been established that in the production of animal fodder such crops as wheat, barley, oats, millet, corn, peas, and soybeans are used. Cereals make up about 85% of the compound fodder, legumes – 45%. It is noted that the mass fraction of moisture and dry matter in all types of animal fodder is within the permissible ranges of the norm. In winter cows are fed with hay, silage and mixed fodder. So protein deficiency (10.69 Β± 0.35%) occurs for milk yield above 10 kg per day. The largest amount of crude protein is contained in the meal (36.48 Β± 1.31%), the least is in silage (3.08 Β± 0.12%). Crude fat is mainly contained in the millcake (9.68 Β± 0.83%), and its minimum content is characterized by feed concentrates (0.49 Β± 0.39%). Rough forage – hay and straw are rich in fiber (27.04 Β± 0.58 and 36.87 Β± 1.29%, respectively). A low level of calcium was found in fodder such as silage and grain used for feed purposes – 2.07 Β± 0.11 and 2.22 Β± 0.21 g / kg, respectively. Potassium deficiency was detected in compound animal fodder (2.75–3.03 g / kg), which requires correction of the diet. A low phosphorus content is noted in roughage, silage, grain (0.07–0.27%). The forage obtained during the ensiling process is provided with zinc at 8.02 Β± 1.51 mg / kg, which is a low figure. The iron content in the compound feed is at an average level of supply – 40–50 mg / kg. Evaluation of the mineral composition of different types of feed showed the highest frequency of deviations in the amount of zinc – 42.5%. There are also significant fluctuations in the content of phosphorus and calcium in feed – 26.25 and 23.75%, respectively.Обоснована фармакологичСская коррСкция ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ состава Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² для ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² исслСдований ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΎΠ² Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ лабораториями Новосибирской области Π·Π° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄ 2018–2019 Π³Π³. УстановлСно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΎΠ² Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ происхоТдСния ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ†Π°, ΡΡ‡ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒ, овСс, просо, ΠΊΡƒΠΊΡƒΡ€ΡƒΠ·Π°, Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ…, соя. Π—Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ 85% ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°, Π±ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ – 45%. ΠžΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ массовая доля Π²Π»Π°Π³ΠΈ ΠΈ сухого вСщСства Π²ΠΎ всСх Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΎΠ² находится Π² допустимых Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ… Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡ‹. Π’ Π·ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² сСном, силосом, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ протСиновая Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ (10,69Β±0,35%) для удоя Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ 10 ΠΊΠ³ Π² сутки. НаибольшСС количСство сырого ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΈΠ½Π° содСрТится Π² ΡˆΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ (36,48Β±1,31%), наимСньшСС – Π² силосС (3,08Β±0,12%). Π‘Ρ‹Ρ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠΈΡ€Π° большС всСго Π² ΠΆΠΌΡ‹Ρ…Π΅ (9,68Β±0,83%), Π° ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π΅Π³ΠΎ содСрТаниСм Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°-ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ (0,49Β±0,39%). ΠšΠ»Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ±Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ° – сСно ΠΈ солома (27,04Β±0,58 ΠΈ 36,87Β±1,29% соотвСтствСнно). Низкий ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ содСрТания ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΡ†ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ Π² Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ силос ΠΈ Π·Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΈ – 2,07Β±0,11 ΠΈ 2,22Β± 0,21 Π³/ΠΊΠ³ соотвСтствСнно. Π”Π΅Ρ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ‚ калия выявлСн Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅ (2,75–3,03 Π³/ΠΊΠ³), Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°. НизкоС содСрТаниС фосфора отмСчаСтся Π² Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ±Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ…, силосС, Π·Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅ (0,07–0,27%). ΠšΠΎΡ€ΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π² процСссС силосования, обСспСчСн Ρ†ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° 8,02Β±1,51 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ являСтся Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ. Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π° Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅ находится Π½Π° срСднСм ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ обСспСчСнности – 40–50 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³. ΠžΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ состава Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»Π° Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΡƒΡŽ частоту ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ количСству Ρ†ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ° – 42,5%. ΠžΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ колСбания ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ… фосфора ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΡ†ΠΈΡ – 26,25 ΠΈ 23,75% соотвСтствСнно

    ВлияниС ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ Π‘ΠΈΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΡ†ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° биохимичСский статус ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²

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    The authors conducted the study based on the experimental quail farm SRDIAH SFSCA RAS (Siberian Research and Design Institute of Animal Husbandry Siberian Federal Scientific Center for Agrobiotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences) and at the Department of Obstetrics, Anatomy, and Histology of the Novosibirsk State Agrarian University. The study aims to change the content of micro- and macroelements in the blood of quails of the Japanese meat breed when using the Biocalcium feed additive. The productivity of animals depends on their health and is determined by their metabolism level. Birds, unlike other animals, have an intensive mineral metabolism.Calcium and phosphorus are two biologically active components with many functions that determine ana- and catabolic processes. When oviposition begins, the calcium and phosphorus concentration in chickens’ blood serum increases. But the rate of exchange of these macronutrients is determined by the activity of oviposition, so control over the content of these substances is relevant. Indicator enzymes that perform certain intracellular functions and enter the blood from the tissues are informative indicators for assessing metabolism. Using the activity index of alkaline phosphatase is reasonable to evaluate calcium-phosphorus metabolism. Using the feed additive Biocalcium in the blood of quail of the experimental group increased the calcium concentration by 0.2%. If we talk about zinc, iron, and magnesium indicators, they increased by 0.1-0.3%. It was also found that the introduction of fiber in feed rations had a definite effect on protein metabolism. During the experiment, it was found that the feed additive based on Siberian silver fir substrate Biocalcium has no apparent negative impact on the body of the quail. The additive is effective at a late stage of rearing. The authors note an improvement in metabolism, the mineral composition of the blood is normalized; hematopoiesis is stimulated without changing the stability of hematopoiesis and the constancy of the blood composition due to the introduction of this feed additive into the diet of birds.ИсслСдованиС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π° Π±Π°Π·Π΅ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΡ‹ Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΠ˜ΠŸΠ’Π˜Π– БЀНЦА РАН ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΊΠ°Ρ„Π΅Π΄Ρ€Π΅ Π°ΠΊΡƒΡˆΠ΅Ρ€ΡΡ‚Π²Π°, Π°Π½Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ гистологии Новосибирского ГАУ с Ρ†Π΅Π»ΡŒΡŽ изучСния измСнСния содСрТания ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎ- ΠΈ макроэлСмСнтов Π² ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ² японской ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ мясного направлСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ Π‘ΠΈΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΡ†ΠΈΠΉ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… зависит ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΈΡ… Π·Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΡŒΡ ΠΈ опрСдСляСтся ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° вСщСств. Π£ ΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΡ†, Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, интСнсивно осущСствляСтся ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½. ΠšΠ°Π»ΡŒΡ†ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ фосфор – Π΄Π²Π° биологичСски Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°, нСсущих мноТСство Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π°Π½Π°- ΠΈ катаболичСскиС процСссы. К ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρƒ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° яйцСкладки концСнтрация ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΡ†ΠΈΡ ΠΈ фосфора Π² сывороткС ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ Ρƒ ΠΊΡƒΡ€ увСличиваСтся, Π° ΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° этих макроэлСмСнтов опрСдСляСтся Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ яйцСкладки, поэтому ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ Π·Π° содСрТаниСм Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… вСщСств являСтся Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ. Π˜Π½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ для ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΡŒ ΠΈΠ· Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅ΠΉ. Для ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΡ†ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΠΎ-фосфорного ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° цСлСсообразно ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ активности Ρ‰Π΅Π»ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ фосфатазы. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ использовании ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ Π‘ΠΈΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΡ†ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡŒ концСнтрация ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΡ†ΠΈΡ Π½Π° 0,2%. Если Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎ показатСлях Ρ†ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ°, ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π° ΠΈ магния, Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡˆΠ»ΠΎ Π½Π° 0,1–0,3%. УстановлСно Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ влияниС Π½Π° Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½. Π’ Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ экспСримСнта Π²Ρ‹ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ использованиС ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° основС субстрата ΠΏΠΈΡ…Ρ‚Ρ‹ сибирской Π‘ΠΈΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΡ†ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ влияния Π½Π° ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ², Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΊΠ° эффСктивна Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ… сроках выращивания. Благодаря ввСдСнию Π² Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΡ† Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ отмСчаСтся ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° вСщСств, нормализуСтся ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ состав ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ, происходит стимуляция гСмопоэза, Π½Π΅ измСняя ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ кровСтворСния ΠΈ постоянства состава ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ

    Π­Ρ„Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ схСм лСчСния ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² с сСрозным ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ использовании Ρ…Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ комплСкса Ρ†ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ°

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    The article presents the therapeutic efficacy of Biozinc in the treatment of cattle with serous mastitis. The authors revealed a decrease in the number of somatic cells in milk in the experimental group of cows to 170 thousand, which corresponds to the milk from a healthy animal. Cows in the experimental group showed a positive trend in milk quality. Five cows had watery milk. Positive changes in milk quality were evident 12 hours after the first injection in the form of a reduction in flake secretion from the affected quarters. Milk was watery in all cows of the experimental group by the third day, without flakes and white color. The authors note a positive trend during disease treatment by the end of the first day of treatment in both test groups. Complete recovery was noted in ten animals, which was 100%, in the experimental group, which were treated with Biozinc. Complete recovery occurred after 3.00Β±0.15 days. The therapeutic efficacy was 100%. In the control group, seven cows (70%) recovered. A hematological examination revealed a 15.52 g/l (18.1 %) increase in hemoglobin level in the experimental group of animals and a 0.88 x 1012/l (P<0.05) increase in erythrocyte count. Through serum biochemical studies, the authors found that cows with serous mastitis showed changes in such parameters as protein, bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), and aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT). Cows in the experimental group showed a 21.5% (P<0.01) decrease in protein content after treatment. The values of ASAT in the control group decreased by 35.2%, and in the experimental group - by 42.6%. The values of ALAT also tended to decrease by 38.7% in the control group and by 48.6% in the experimental group (P<0.001).Показана тСрапСвтичСская ΡΡ„Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π° Π‘ΠΈΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ½ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€ΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ скота с сСрозным маститом. ВыявлСно сниТСниС количСства соматичСских ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ Π² ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ΅ Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ Π΄ΠΎ 170 тыс., Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ соотвСтствуСт ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΡƒ ΠΎΡ‚ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ. Π£ ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ наблюдалась ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ° качСства ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ°. Π£ пяти ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡŒ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· 12 Ρ‡ послС ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ввСдСния Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ…Π»ΠΎΠΏΡŒΠ΅Π² ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈ, ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ водянистым. К Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ΠΌΡƒ дню Ρƒ всСх ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ водянистым, Π±Π΅Π· Ρ…Π»ΠΎΠΏΡŒΠ΅Π², Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ†Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π°. ΠžΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ° Π²ΠΎ врСмя лСчСния Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Ρƒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ дня лСчСния Π² ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΠΈΡ… испытуСмых Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ…. Π£ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹, Π² схСму лСчСния ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ Π‘ΠΈΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ½ΠΊ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Ρ‹Π·Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρƒ 10 Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ², Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ составило 100%. ПолноС Π²Ρ‹Π·Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ наступило Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· 3,00Β±0,15 суток. ВСрапСвтичСская ΡΡ„Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ 100%. Π’ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ Π²Ρ‹Π·Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΎ 7 ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² (70%). ГСматологичСским исслСдованиСм выявлСно ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ уровня Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π° Π½Π° 15,52 Π³/Π» (18,1 %) Π² ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ количСства эритроцитов Π½Π° 0,88 x 1012/Π» (P<0,05). БиохимичСскими исслСдованиями сыворотки ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ установлСно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² с сСрозным маститом Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡŽΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ измСнСния Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΊ, Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ±ΠΈΠ½, аланинаминотрансфСраза (АЛВ) ΠΈ аспартатаминотрансфСраза (АБВ). ПослС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ лСчСния Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ наблюдалось ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ содСрТания Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° Π½Π° 21,5% (P<0,01). ЗначСния АБВ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ снизились Π½Π° 35,2%, Π² ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ – Π½Π° 42,6%. ЗначСния АЛВ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊ сниТСнию Π½Π° 38,7% Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ ΠΈ Π½Π° 48,6% Π² ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ (P<0,001)

    ВлияниС ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ°Π·ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы удобрСния Π½Π° биохимичСский статус Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎ-подзолистой лСгкосуглинистой ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π²Ρ‹ с высоким содСрТаниСм фосфора ΠΈ калия

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    The effect of mononitrogen fertilizer system on biochemical status of high fertility Luvisol sandy loam soil was studied during five years in the field experiment. Data interpretation of enzyme diagnostics was done based on the resulting estimation criteria, which is a biochemical coefficient including four key enzymatic parameters and representing the ratio of average speeds of humification and mineralization activities in Π‘ and N cycles. Five-year application of mono nitrogen fertilizer system resulted in progressive increase of organic substances mineralization, which enhanced with nitrogen dose rising. It is ecologically advisable to fertilize the soil with the complete mineral fertilizer with the minimal doses of phosphorus and potassium. Thus, humification and mineralization processes are balanced and organic matter is saved.ВлияниС ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ°Π·ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° биохимичСский статус Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎ-подзолистой лСгкосуглинистой ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π²Ρ‹ с высоким содСрТаниСм фосфора ΠΈ калия ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π»ΠΈ Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 5 Π»Π΅Ρ‚. Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ диагностики ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ - биохимичСскому коэффициСнту, ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌΡƒ 4 ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… энзиматичСских ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ усрСднСнных скоростСй Π³ΡƒΠΌΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Ρ… Π‘ ΠΈ N. ΠŸΡΡ‚ΠΈΠ»Π΅Ρ‚Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ°Π·ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы удобрСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΎ ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΡƒΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… процСссов, ΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… возрастала с ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ‹ Π°Π·ΠΎΡ‚Π°. ЭкологичСски цСлСсообразно внСсСниС ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ удобрСния с ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π°ΠΌΠΈ фосфора ΠΈ калия, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ этом процСссы Π³ΡƒΠΌΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ сбалансированы, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ сбСрСгаСт органичСскоС вСщСство

    The Baksan gallium solar neutrino experiment

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    A radiochemical 71Ga-71Ge experiment to determine the integral flux of neutrinos from the sun has been constructed at the Baksan Neutrino Observatory in the USSR. Measurements have begun with 30 tonnes of gallium. An additional 30 tonnes of gallium are being installed so as to perform the full experiment with a 60-tonne target. The motivation, experiment procedures, and present status of this experiment are described. Β© 1990

    ЀСрмСнтативная диагностика для ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ влияния Π°Π·ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° процСссы ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π³ΡƒΠΌΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎ-подзолистых ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π²Π°Ρ…

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    Ecological management of soil resources is an urgent task involving periodic assessment of effect of fertilizers and other anthropogenic factors on the rate and direction of organic matter transformation. Mineralization and humification of organic residues are the most important functions of the soil, which determine its fertility and are closely related to the biochemical activity of microbial communities. When using intensive agricultural technologies, it is required to timely identify potential risks of reducing soil fertility. Taking into account the biochemical nature of the processes of mineralization and humification of organic substances, it is advisable to use indicators of enzymatic activity for this purpose. Enzymes are the most important metabolites of microorganisms. When choosing enzymatic indicators for a reliable assessment of influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on the activity of mineralization and humification, we took into account large-scale and universal processes in the cycles of the main biogenic elements – carbon and nitrogen. Soil enzyme diagnostics was shown to be likely useful instrument for evaluation of natural and anthropogenic factors effect on mineralization and humification processes in sod-podzolic soils. The most informative enzymatic tests for characterization of soil biochemical status in C and N cycles were determined. Biochemical coefficient was proposed as a resulting criteria for interpretation of enzymes activity data, allowing to compare humification and mineralization activities, reveal their disbalance and control of anthropogenic impact on soils. Experimental data on the effect of nitrogen fertilizers on the activity and ratio of humification and mineralization, obtained in long-term field experiments on soddy-podzolic soils of different granulometric composition and level of fertility are presented.ЭкологичСский ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π²Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… рСсурсов – Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π°, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΡƒ влияния ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Π°Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ трансформации органичСского вСщСства. ΠœΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ ΠΈ гумификация органичСских остатков – ваТнСйшиС Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π²Ρ‹, ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ тСсно связанныС с биохимичСской Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Ρ… сообщСств. Π’ условиях примСнСния интСнсивных Π°Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ своСврСмСнно Π²Ρ‹ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ риски сниТСния плодородия ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π². Учитывая Π±ΠΈΠΎΡ…ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ процСссов ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π³ΡƒΠΌΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ органичСских вСщСств, для этой Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΈ цСлСсообразно ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ Ρ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ активности. Π€Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ – ваТнСйшиС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ². ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Π΅ Ρ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ для Π½Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ влияния СстСствСнных ΠΈ Π°Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π³ΡƒΠΌΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡˆΡ‚Π°Π±Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ процСссы Π² Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Ρ… основных Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… элСмСнтов – ΡƒΠ³Π»Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈ Π°Π·ΠΎΡ‚Π°. ΠŸΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Ρ‹ возмоТности Ρ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ диагностики для ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ влияния Π°Π·ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ процСссов ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π³ΡƒΠΌΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎ-подзолистых ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π²Π°Ρ…. ΠžΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ тСсты для ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ влияния СстСствСнных ΠΈ Π°Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π³ΡƒΠΌΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Ρ… ΡƒΠ³Π»Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈ Π°Π·ΠΎΡ‚Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π²Ρ‹. Для ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ диагностики ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ – биохимичСский коэффициСнт, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ скорости Π³ΡƒΠΌΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π²Ρ‹ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… дисбаланс ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π°Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΡƒ. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ влиянию Π°Π·ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΡƒΠΌΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π² Π΄Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… экспСримСнтах Π½Π° Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎ-подзолистых ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π²Π°Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ грануломСтричСского состава ΠΈ уровня ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ

    First results from the Soviet-American gallium experiment

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    The Soviet-American Gallium Experiment is the first experiment able to measure the dominant flux of low energy p-p solar neutrinos. Four extractions made during January to May 1990 from 30 tons of gallium have been counted and indicate that the flux is consistent with 0 SNU and is less than 72 SNU (68% CL) and less than 138 SNU (95% CL). This is to be compared with the flux of 132 SNU predicted by the Standard Solar Model. Β© 1991
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