Activity controls fragility: A Random First Order Transition Theory for an active glass

How does nonequilibrium activity modify the approach to a glass? This is an important question, since many experiments reveal the near-glassy nature of the cell interior, remodelled by activity. However, different simulations of dense assemblies of active particles, parametrised by a self-propulsion force, $f_0$, and persistence time, $\tau_p$, appear to make contradictory predictions about the influence of activity on characteristic features of glass, such as fragility. This calls for a broad conceptual framework to understand active glasses; here we extend the Random First-Order Transition (RFOT) theory to a dense assembly of self-propelled particles. We compute the active contribution to the configurational entropy using an effective medium approach - that of a single particle in a caging-potential. This simple active extension of RFOT provides excellent quantitative fits to existing simulation results. We find that whereas $f_0$ always inhibits glassiness, the effect of $\tau_p$ is more subtle and depends on the microscopic details of activity. In doing so, the theory automatically resolves the apparent contradiction between the simulation models. The theory also makes several testable predictions, which we verify by both existing and new simulation data, and should be viewed as a step towards a more rigorous analytical treatment of active glass

Predviđanje protuupalnoga djelovanja N-arilantranilnih kiselina: Računski pristup temeljen na poboljšanim Zagreba~kim indeksima

Zagreb indices M1 and M2 have been refined to significantly reduce their degeneracy. The refined indices are sensitive to both the presence as well as relative position of the heteroatoms and have been termed as Zagreb topochemical indices M1 c and M2 c. The discriminating power of M1 c and M2 c was investigated and compared with that of Zagreb indices M1 and M2. Both M1 c and M2 c exhibited much lower degeneracy without compromising with the discriminating power of M1 and M2. Relationship between the anti-inflammatory activity of N-arylanthranilic acids and Zagreb indices and Zagreb topochemical indices was investigated. The values of all the four indices for each of the 112 compounds were calculated using an in-house computer program. The resulting data was analyzed and suitable models were developed after identification of the active ranges. Subsequently, biological activity was assigned to each of the compounds using these models, which was then compared with the reported anti-inflammatory activity. High accuracy of prediction was obtained using models based upon Zagreb indices and Zagreb topochemical indices.Zagrebački indeksi M1 i M2 poboljšani su s ciljem smanjivanja njihove degeneracije. Poboljšani Zagrebački indeksi osjetljivi su na prisutnost i relativni položaj heteroatoma u molekuli. Nazvani su Zagrebački topokemijski indeksi i označeni su s M1 c i M2 c. Ispitan je diskriminatorski potencijal ovih indeksa i uspoređen s onim koji pokazuju izvorni Zagrebački indeksi. Oba poboljšana Zagrebačka indeksa, M1 c i M2 c, pokazuju znatno nižu degeneraciju od izvornih Zagrebačkih indeksa M1 i M2. Ispitane su relacije između protuupalnoga djelovanja N-arilantranilnih kiselina i izvornih Zagrebačkih indeksa i topokemijskih Zagrebačkih indeksa. Vrijednosti indeksa za 112 N-arilantranilnih kiselina izračunane su vlastitim programom. Dobiveni su vrlo točni modeli odnosa protuupalnoga djelovanja tih kiselina i njihovih strukturnih parametera izraženih pomoću obiju vrsta Zagrebačkih indeksa, ali je prednost na strani topokemijskih Zagrebačkih indeksa zbog njihove niske degeneracije

Tobacco use among school children in Chennai city, India

AIMS: The present study was done to build a database on prevalence of tobacco use among students of grade 8 to 10 in Chennai city, for the purpose of advocacy of tobacco control and planning tobacco control interventions and evaluation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A two-stage stratified probability sample of students in grades 8-10 corresponding to 13 to 15 years of age were selected from private/government aided private schools and purely government aided corporation schools. Data was collected by a pretested, closed-ended self-administered questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 1255 students participated in this survey. Among them 64.4 boys and 35.6% were girls. Ever tobacco use was reported by 37.6% of the students (41.6 males and 30.2% females). Current users of tobacco (any products) were reported by 41.1% of the students. Prevalence was more among boy students (46.3%) when compared to that of girl students (31.6%). There existed no significant difference between current users of tobacco based on the zones of the school. Tobacco users prevalence was found more in corporation schools when compared to that of private schools. Parental and friends tobacco use was reported more often by tobacco users compared to never users. Purchasing tobacco products in a store was reported by 82.5% and almost no one was refused because of age. Almost everyone reported watching a lot of cigarette advertisements on TV, whereas about half reported watching advertisements on other medias like outdoor hoardings (45.7%), newspapers (65.3%) and social events (67.4%). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that among the 13 to 15-year old school going children (corresponding to grades 8 to 10) in Chennai city, the current tobacco use is high

Large sized oilfish Ruvettus pretiosus (Cocco, 1833) ever recorded from Gulf of Mannar, south-east coast of India

Ruvettus pretiosus belonging to the Family Gempylidae of perciform fishes is closely related to Scombridae. Gempylidae fishes are commonly called as snake mackerels or escolars and this family has 16 genus and 24 valid species. R. pretiosus is one of the large sized fishes with the maximum record of 300 cm total length (Nakamura and Parin, 1993). It is bentho-pelagic, reported to be distributed along the tropical and temperate seas of the world

Crystal structures of N,N-dimethyl-(2-(2,2-diphenyl)-2-prop-2-ynyloxy)acetoxy)ethylamine and N,N-dimethyl-(2-(2,2-diphenyl)-2-prop-2-ynyloxy)acetoxy)ethylammonium 2,4,6-trinitrophenolate

The N,N-dimethylethylamminium unit in N,N-dimethyl-[2-(2,2-diphenyl)-2-prop-2-ynyloxyacetoxy]ethylamine, C21H23NO3 (I), is disordered over two sets of atomic sites having occupancies of 0.880 (3) and 0. 120 (3), but there are no direction-specific interactions between the molecules of (I). The cation in N,N-dimethyl-[2-(2,2-diphenyl)-2-prop-2-ynyloxyacetoxy]ethylammonium 2,4,6-trinitrophenolate (picrate), C21H24NO3+·C6H2N3O7- (II), shows a similar type of disorder, with occupancies of 0.654 (11) and 0.346 (11), although the overall conformation of the cation in (II) is different from that in the neutral (I). The component ions are are linked by an almost planar three-centre N—H···(O)2 hydrogen bond, and the ion pairs are further linked by a combination of three C—H···O hydrogen bonds to form sheets. Comparisons are made with some related structures.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Crystal structure of ebastinium 3,5-dinitrobenzoate

BKS thanks the UGC for the award of a Rajiv Gandhi National Fellowship.Ebastine, 4-(benzhydryloxy)-1-[4-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-oxobutyl]piperidine, reacts with 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid in methanol solution to give the title 1:1 salt, ebastinium 3,5-dinitrobenzoate, C32H40NO2+·C7H3N2O6-. In the cation, the disubstituted aryl ring exhibits orientational disorder over two sets of atomic sites having occupancies 0.706(4) and 0.294(6), with a dihedral angle of 41.2(5)° between the two orientations: the bulky Ph2CH—O– substituent occupies an axial site on the piperidine ring. The two ions in the selected asymmetric unit are linked by a nearly linear N—H···O hydrogen bond and this, in combination with two C—H···O hydrogen bonds, links the ions into complex sheets.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Occurrence of Parascolopsis eriomma (Jordan and Richardson, 1909) and P. aspinosa (Rao & Rao 1981) from Tuticorin coast

The family Nemipteridae has five genera and 69 valid species. The dwarf monocle bream belonging to the genus Parascolopsis has 12 species. They are small, bottom-living fishes usually occurring in moderately deep water on outer shelf and continental slope waters throughout tropical and sub-tropical waters of Indo-West Pacific, ranging from Western Indian Ocean to North East Australia, South Japan and Delaga Bay on the coast of East Africa. The present report on Rosy dwarf monocle bream, Parascolopsis eriomma from Tuticorin coast is evidently a range extension from the known distribution areas