Polylactic acid/nano chitosan composite fibers and their morphological, physical characterization for the removal of cadmium(II) from water

This work discusses the fabrication of polylactic acid (PLA)/nano chitosan (nCHS) composite fibers by electrospinning method for Cd2+ metal ion adsorption from water. Here nCHS was synthesized by ionic gelation method and which is used as a reinforcement for PLA. The scanning electron microscopic analysis revealed that the addition 0.1 wt% nCHS has decreased the fiber diameter as well as the secondary pore size and hence imparted unique properties to electrospun composite fibers. The positive zeta potential values for the composites indicated their higher stability, though; the inclusion of nCHS reduced the crystallinity of the neat membranes. The contact angle measurements showed that the hydrophilicity of the composite was increased up to 0.1 wt% nCHS, and hence the surface energy was increased. Inverse gas chromatography results suggested that the basic character of the composites has intensified with the increase in nCHS addition. The adsorption capacity of the neat electrospun PLA and PLA–nCHS composites for Cd2+ ions were investigated and studies revealed that adsorption capacity of the composite was two times faster (approximately 70%) in comparison with neat PLA fibers. The increase in surface area as well as presence nCHS improved the adsorption capacity of the electrospun membrane.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Electrospun polylactic acid-chitosan composite: a bio-based alternative for inorganic composites for advanced application

Fabricating novel materials for biomedical applications mostly require the use of biodegradable materials. In this work biodegradable materials like polylactic acid (PLA) and chitosan (CHS) were used for designing electrospun mats. This work reports the physical and chemical characterization of the PLA-CHS composite, prepared by the electrospinning technique using a mixed solvent system. The addition of chitosan into PLA, offered decrease in fiber diameter in the composites with uniformity in the distribution of fibers with an optimum at 0.4wt% CHS. The fiber formation and the reduction in fiber diameter were confirmed by the SEM micrograph. The inverse gas chromatography and contact angle measurements supported the increase of hydrophobicity of the composite membrane with increase of filler concentration. The weak interaction between PLA and chitosan was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermal analysis. The stability of the composite was established by zeta potential measurements. Cytotoxicity studies of the membranes were also carried out and found that up to 0.6% CHS the composite material was noncytotoxic. The current findings are very important for the design and development of new materials based on polylactic acid-chitosan composites for environmental and biomedical applications.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Determinants of consumers’ fish purchasing behavior in Kerala using conjoint analysis

Consumer preference is a subjective criteria influenced by a combination of three factors viz., marketing (price, brand, supply, demand), psychology (social and cultural aspects) and senses (tastes, hygiene, safety etc.). Consumers are the last node in the supply chain and are today increasingly aware about hygiene, safety and nutrition of food, including fish. In the present study, the determinants of consumer preference on fish purchasing behavior were assessed using conjoint analysis in selected coastal and land locked regions in Kerala. From the study, it was found that more than 70% of the fish eating respondents consumed fresh fish on a daily basis. Based on the part-worth utilities, the relative importance of fish purchasing behavior was determined using conjoint analysis. Results revealed that, in coastal districts, the type of fish species, form, appearance, convenience and size were the determinants of consumer preference. While, the same in land locked regions were availability, form (fresh or others), income and appearance

Contribution of the OC Sensor immunoassay in comparison to the Hemoccult II guaiac-test in organized colorectal cancer screening

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of cancer-related death of worldwide with high incidence and mortality rate, accessible to a screening program in France, first with guaiac- based fecal occult blood test (g-FOBT) then with fecal immunochemical tests (FIT), since 2015, because of better accuracy. The aim of our study was to compare the characteristics of screen-detected lesions in two successive CRC screening campaigns, using two different tests (Hemoccult II and OC Sensor) in the department of Maine-et-Loire, and to precise the performance of these tests [participation rate, detection rates (DR), positive predictive value (PPV)]. Participants, invited by CAP SANTE 49, with polyps or cancer at the colonoscopy after a positive screening test between 01/01/2013 and 31/12/2016 were included. A guaiac-based fecal occult blood test (g-FOBT) was used from January 2013 to December 2014 and a FIT was used from June 2015 to December 2016). 2575 participants, 642 in g-FOBT group and 1933 in FIT group had lesions. Participation rate was not different between tests (p = 0.104), whereas DR and PPV were statistically higher in FIT for all lesions (2.61, 95% CI [2.50-2.70] vs 0.93, 95% CI [0.90-1.00], p < 0.0001 and 64.84, 95% CI [63.10-66.60], 50.00, 95% CI [47.30-52.70], p < 0.0001 respectively). FIT detects more precancerous lesions (adenomas, p < 0.001, and advanced adenomas, p < 0.001) than g-FOBT but g-FOBT detects more serrated polyps (p = 0.025). AAs were more in right colon in FIT than g-FOBT (p = 0.035). No different participation rate was detected between FIT and g-FOBT but DR and PPV of all lesions was higher with FIT

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Not AvailableAllergenicity to crustaceans is a global food safety concern in spite of acceptance of delicacies like shrimps, crabs and lobsters. They are also the leading causative of food induced anaphylaxis. Major percentage of allergic reactions are triggered by allergic protein, tropomyosin and the others such as arginine kinase, sarcoplasmic calcium-binding protein, myosin light chain, troponin C, hemocyanin are also involved. Prevalence of crustacean allergenicty, allergens reported in different crustaceans and their cross reactivities are discussed in this reviews. Besides the effect of various thermal and non-thermal processing techniques in managing the crustacean allergen is also discussed. In comparison to the enhanced allergenicity effects reported by thermal techniques, novel non-thermal techniques like high pressure processing, gamma irradiation, enzymic hydrolysis, high intensity ultrasound, pulsed ultraviolet light etc have promising effects on allergenicity reduction by structural modifications in the proteins. The advantages of combined treatments in hurdle technology approaches can make effective mitigation of crustacean allergenicity and can be suitably optimized for hypoallergic food development.Not Availabl

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Chapter 10 of training manual "ISO 22000/HACCP for fish processing establishments"Not AvailableNot Availabl

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Chapter 10 of training manual "Quality assurance of fish and fishery products"Not AvailableNot Availabl