Analyse des données collectées lors des embarquements à bord des senneurs basés aux Seychelles (1986-1989)

La pêcherie thonière à la senne basée aux Seychelles est analysée au travers de données collectées lors d'embarquements d'observateurs à bord des navires français, espagnols, japonais et soviétiques. De 1986 à 1989, ont été récoltées des données ayant trait à certains paramètres météorologiques et océanographiques, à l'aspect et à l'importance des bancs observés, aux activités des senneurs, aux caractéristiques des pêches (prises, rendements et durée des coups de filet). La fiabilité des données d'observateurs se rapportant aux captures est évaluée par comparaison avec les données des livres de bord des patrons de senneurs français. (Résumé d'auteur

Localization of computer-mediated communication and corporate impression on online communities

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the importance of localizing online communities (OCs) and examines how OC members form impressions of organizations that use OCs in their communication activities. A conceptual framework and measurement scale are developed that consist of complex latent constructs. Design/methodology/approach A sequential multi-method approach is adopted with both qualitative and quantitative investigations. Using Structural equation modeling, the research refines and validates the measurement scales of impression formation in OCs. Findings Findings reveal that comprehensive messages have a direct effect on the impressions that an OC member forms. In particular, social context cues are an important predictor of online community corporate impression (OCCIP). Source credibility, affiliation, characteristics and interpersonal communication are all critical to OCCIP, which in turn, influence members’ attitudes toward the company and the intention to use it again. Surprisingly, relevance, timeliness, accuracy and perceived similarity did not have any significant effect on the corporate impression. Originality/value Three contributions are offered: First, the study provides reliable scales for measuring OCCIP. Second, support is given to the conceptual model that links OCCIP to a set of consequences, namely, attitudes toward the company, intention to use the company, and word-of-mouth. Finally, the study is conducted across two different and unique types of OC contexts, stipulating further insights into the localization of OCs

Contribution of ecotoxicological tests in the evaluation of soil bioremediation efficiency

Clean-up of contaminated soils became a high priority only recently. Several techniques have been developed forthis purpose such as chemical, physical, thermic or microbiological methods. Efficiency of the remediation can be estimated using two approaches : a chemical specific approach and a toxicity-based approach. So far, the efficiency of the decontamination process was based essentially on chemical analyses which does not integrale the toxicity of all the soil contaminants and does not give a response on effects caused by the bioavailable fraction of these contaminants äs the toxicity-based approach. In the present study, bioremediation efficiency of a soil contaminated by 4-chlorobiphenyl was evaluated using chemical and biological analyses. Experiments were carried out in microcosms contaminated at a rate of 1 g/kg. Control microcosms without specific degrader were performed simultaneously. Acute toxicity to earthworms and inhibition of growth of barley roots were selected, from previous work, äs relevant ecotoxicological test

Investigation of the association of Apgar score with maternal socio-economic and biological factors: an analysis of German perinatal statistics

PURPOSE: To examine the relationship of 5-min Apgar score with maternal socio-economic and biological factors. METHODS: We analyzed data from 465,964 singleton pregnancies (37–41 weeks’ gestation) from the German perinatal statistics of 1998–2000. Using a logistic regression model we analyzed the incidence of low (0–6) 5-min Apgar scores in relation to these maternal factors: body mass index (BMI), age, previous live births, country of origin, occupation, single mother status, working during pregnancy, and smoking. RESULTS: A low Apgar score was more common in overweight [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.24; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10–1.40; P < 0.001] and obese [OR 1.92 (95% CI 1.67–2.20); P < 0.001] compared to normal weight women. A low Apgar score was also more common for women aged >35 years compared to those aged 20–35 years [OR 1.35 (95% CI 1.16–1.58); P < 0.001]. Furthermore, odds of a low Apgar score were higher for women with no previous live births compared to those with one or more previous live births [OR 1.52 (95% CI 1.37–1.70); P < 0.001]. Socio-economic factors did not convincingly influence Apgar scores. CONCLUSIONS: There was an influence of the biological maternal factors age, BMI, and parity on the 5-min Apgar score. There was no convincing effect of socio-economic factors on Apgar score in our study population. Possible reasons for this are discussed

Inventory of long and short term future needs of food chain users for future functions of internet

vokKVIKA

A systematic review of contamination (aerosol, splatter and droplet generation) associated with oral surgery and its relevance to COVID-19

IntroductionThe current COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has impacted the delivery of dental care globally and has led to re-evaluation of infection control standards. However, lack of clarity around what is known and unknown regarding droplet and aerosol generation in dentistry (including oral surgery and extractions), and their relative risk to patients and the dental team, necessitates a review of evidence relating to specific dental procedures. This review is part of a wider body of research exploring the evidence on bioaerosols in dentistry and involves detailed consideration of the risk of contamination in relation to oral surgery.MethodsA comprehensive search of Medline (OVID), Embase (OVID), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS and ClinicalTrials.Gov was conducted using key terms and MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) words relating to the review questions. Methodological quality including sensitivity was assessed using a schema developed to measure quality aspects of studies using a traffic light system to allow inter- and intra-study overview and comparison. A narrative synthesis was conducted for assessment of the included studies and for the synthesis of results.ResultsEleven studies on oral surgery (including extractions) were included in the review. They explored microbiological (bacterial and fungal) and blood (visible and/or imperceptible) contamination at the person level (patients, operators and assistants) and/or at a wider environmental level, using settle plates, chemiluminescence reagents or air samplers; all within 1 m of the surgical site. Studies were of generally low to medium quality and highlighted an overall risk of contaminated aerosol, droplet and splatter generation during oral surgery procedures, most notably during removal of impacted teeth using rotatory handpieces. Risk of contamination and spread was increased by factors, including proximity to the operatory site, longer duration of treatment, higher procedural complexity, non-use of an extraoral evacuator and areas involving more frequent contact during treatment.ConclusionA risk of contamination (microbiological, visible and imperceptible blood) to patients, dental team members and the clinical environment is present during oral surgery procedures, including routine extractions. However, the extent of contamination has not been explored fully in relation to time and distance. Variability across studies with regards to the analysis methods used and outcome measures makes it difficult to draw robust conclusions. Further studies with improved methodologies, including higher test sensitivity and consideration of viruses, are required to validate these findings