Recognition of Human Proinsulin Leader Sequence by Class I–Restricted T-Cells in HLA-A*0201 Transgenic Mice and in Human Type 1 Diabetes

OBJECTIVE— A restricted region of proinsulin located in the B chain and adjacent region of C-peptide has been shown to contain numerous candidate epitopes recognized by CD8+ T-cells. Our objective is to characterize HLA class I–restricted epitopes located within the preproinsulin leader sequence

The intersubjectivity grid as \u201cmagnifying screen\u201d for microanalyses of interactions in telepsychotherapy

Conducting psychotherapy with videoconference technologies has become a solution to deliver mental health services when it is difficult or impossible to meet in face to face. During videoconferencing psychotherapy (VCP), the interactions between the client and the therapists are influenced by telepresence and acceptance of the technological setting. In previous work, our group described acceptance of the technological setting in VCP as a multidimensional process that involves verbal, nonverbal, para-verbal and proxemic cues from both interactants. The goal of the present study is to illustrate the intersubjective dynamic processes occurring in psychodynamicoriented VCP via traditional communication channels. The long-term goal is to describe how intersubjective processes enhance the level of acceptance of the technological setting in VCP. We used a formal interactional approach to analyze intersubjectivity and acceptance during an excerpt from a video recording of a VCP session. We analyzed the following layers of interactions to evaluate intersubjectivity and acceptance: interactional modalities, cooperation modalities, intersubjective modalities. Our results show a dynamic process of accordance between different layers of interactions, related to intersubjectivity process. Despite the perceptual deprivation, caused by the screen in a videoconference telepsychotherapy framework, the screen can allow a dynamic and multimodal communication. Much like a magnifying glass, our micro-analysis revealed a dialogic communication occurring on the video screen where several natural communicative registers converged into a dynamic unified system, increasing the expressiveness of the psychotherapeutic dialogue

Recognition of a subregion of human proinsulin by class I-restricted T cells in type 1 diabetic patients

Proinsulin is a key autoantigen in type 1 diabetes. Evidence in the mouse has underscored the importance of the insulin B chain region in autoimmunity to pancreatic beta cells. In man, a majority of proteasome cleavage sites are predicted by proteasome cleavage algorithms within this region. To study CD8(+) T cell responses to the insulin B chain and adjacent C peptide, we selected 8- to 11-mer peptides according to proteasome cleavage patterns obtained by digestion of two peptides covering proinsulin residues 28 to 64. We studied their binding to purified HLA class I molecules and their recognition by T cells from diabetic patients. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 17 of 19 recent-onset and 12 of 13 long-standing type 1 diabetic patients produced IFN-γ in response to proinsulin peptides as shown by using an ELISPOT assay. In most patients, the response was against several class I-restricted peptides. Nine peptides were recognized within the proinsulin region covering residues 34 to 61. Four yielded a high frequency of recognition in HLA-A1 and -B8 patients. Three peptides located in the proinsulin region 41–51 were shown to bind several HLA molecules and to be recognized in a high percentage of diabetic patients