Effects of different feeding strategies on the growth of young rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

This study investigated the effects of different feeding strategies on the growth, conditions and food conversion rate of young rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The groups set up are as follows: a control group (Gc), which was fed every day for the week, a group with no feeding on Monday and Thursday (GMon-Thu), a group with no feeding on Saturday and Sunday (GSat-Sun), and a group that alternated feeding one day and no feeding the next (GF-NF). At the end of the study, the mean (±SD) weight and food conversion ratio of groups were found to be: 83.51 ± 5.43 g and 1.09; 87.38 ± 5.95 g and 1.14; 83.50 ± 5.97 g and 1.15; and 76.66 ± 4.56 g and 1.26, respectively. Group GF-NF showed significantly slower growth than the others, and it exhibited a higher food conversion ratio value than groups GMon-Thu and GSat-Sun (P<0.05). The condition factors of the groups were similar (P>0.05). This study showed that the two groups that did not feed for two days a week (GMon-Thu and GSat-Sun) did not exhibit negative growth performance, whether they were not fed on consecutive days or different days of the week, while group GF-NF exhibited negative growth performance.Key words: Rainbow trout, feeding strategy, food conversation rate

Chitosan/Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) films with ciprofloxacin for application in vaginal drug delivery

Chitosan (CHI) and chitosan/poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (CHI/POZ)-based films were prepared by casting from aqueous solutions of polymer blends with different compositions. Ciprofloxacin was used as a model drug in these formulations. The weight, thickness, folding endurance and transparency of blend films were measured and characterised. All films had a uniform thickness (0.06 ± 0.01 mm) and exhibited sufficient flexibility. The surface pHs of films ranged from 3.76 ± 0.49 to 4.14 ± 0.32, which is within the pH range suitable for vaginal applications. The cumulative release of the drug from the films in experiments in vitro was found to be 42 ± 2% and 56 ± 1% for pure CHI and CHI/POZ (40:60) films, respectively. Drug-free chitosan/poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) films showed weak antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli. Drug-loaded CHI and CHI/POZ films showed good antimicrobial properties against both Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli. Mucoadhesive properties of these films with respect to freshly excised sheep vaginal mucosa were evaluated using a tensile method. It was established that all films were mucoadhesive, but an increase in POZ content in the blend resulted in a gradual reduction of their ability to stick to vaginal mucosa. These films could potentially find applications in vaginal drug delivery

The effect of feed made from fish processing waste silage on the growth of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

This study researched the degree to which the growth of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was influenced by pellet feed made from silage produced from waste generated by the fish food processing industry. During the 90 day trial, a completely random parcel method was used with three repetitions. The average weight of the rainbow trout was 54.05±235 g, while their average length was 17.46±0.11 cm. One hundred (100) trout were stocked (25 kg/m3) in each fiberglass fish feeding tank. Four different experimental groups were formed; feed without silage (control) and pellets with 25, 50 and 100% silage. Fish were fed twice per a day until they were satisfied (ad libitum). At the end of the study, the group that was fed with feed made from 50% silage increased the most in weight, followed by the control group and the groups fed with 25 and 100% silage, respectively. The average weight differences between the groups were found to be significant (P<0.05). In conclusion, it can be said that replacing the fish meal in food used to feed trout with 50% fish silage has a positive effect on growth, and that silage can be used in trout food at the aforementioned ratio.Key words: Fish meal, fish silage, growth, feed efficiency, rainbow trout

Vision based Object Recognition of E-Puck Mobile Robot for Warehouse Application

At present, most warehouses still require human services for unloading of goods. Unloading of goods requires a continuous system to ensure the quality of work productivity. Therefore the need of autonomous robot system in warehouse is needed to improve the quality of work. Thus, a localization and recognition algorithm is developed and implemented on the E-puck robot. The task involves the recognition of desired object based on their colour (red and blue) and locating the desired object to the target location (marked by green marker). In addition, the collision avoidance algorithm is also developed and integrated to allow the robot manoeuvre safely in its working environment. The colour histogram technique is used to recognize the desired object and the target location. Based on the experimental results, the developed algorithm is successfully fulfilling the pick and place requirement with success rate of approximately 70% in simulation study and 50% in real implementation

Contribution of the Missionary Historic and Ethnographical Museum of the Kazan Spiritual Academy

The urgency of the problem under study is conditioned by the increased interest of contemporary researchers in the problems of interethnic and interconfessional interaction. In the second half of the XIXth - early XXth centuries a major religious and educational, missionary and ethnic-political institution in Russia, the Kazan Theological Academy was one of the leading centers for studying the history, culture, ethnography and the languages of Turkic, Finno-Ugric and Mongolian peoples. The purpose of the study is to present objectively the contribution of the Missionary Historical Ethnographic Museum of the Kazan Theological Academy to the study and the preservation of the historical and cultural heritage of the Russian state peoples. The museum extensive collections became the basis for modern museums. During the study, the experience of the creation and the functioning of the only missionary historical and ethnographic museum in Russia was analyzed, its contribution to the preservation of spiritual and material culture, written and printed sources, the informative base about the life and work of the multinational and multi-confessional people of the Volga, Urals, Siberia and the Far East was determined. Based on archival materials, the authors revealed the features of the museum activity at the Kazan Theological Academy. In the course of the topic research, the authors succeeded to identify and collect a huge amount of diverse materials (historical, linguistic, ethnographic ones) about the peoples of Russia, which are of great practical importance for the study of modern interethnic and interfaith relations origins in the Republic of Tatarstan and Russian Federation. The materials of the article can be useful to anyone who is interested in missionary politics and modern ethnic-political processes in Russian Federation.peer-reviewe

Phenolic composition, antioxidant capacity of Salvia verticcilata and effect on multidrug resistant bacteria by flow-cytometry

Background: Antioxidants are of great importance for preventing oxidative stress that may cause several degenerative diseases. Studies have indicated phytochemicals have high free-radical scavenging activity, which helps to reduce the risk of chronic diseases. The aim of the present study is the determination of antioxidant properties, polyphenolic content and multidrug resistant bacteria of Salvia verticcilata L.Materials and Methods: Methanol was used as the extraction solvent. The total phenolic content was calculated using Folin-Ciocalteau method and phenolic composition was determined by HPLC. The radical scavenging activity of plant was evaluated in vitro based on the reduction of the stable DPPH free radical. The reducing capacity was identified by using the FRAP method. The ability of Salvia verticcilata L. to increase the permeability of multidrug resistant bacterial cells was conducted by flow cytometric assay on Listeria innocua and E-coli.Results: The amount of total phenolics was found to be 347.5 mg GA/g extract. The IC50 value and FRAP assay are 0.61, and 0.944 respectively, Free radical scavenging effect and FRAP values are less than synthetic antioxidant compounds (BHA and BHT). Eight phenolic compounds were found in Salvia verticcilata L. Intense concentration of S. verticcilata L. has destroyed 97 % of living cells for Listeria innocua and 94.86% for E-coliConclusion: This studyshows that methanolic extracts of Salvia verticcilata L. is a potential source of natural antioxidants and antimicrobial agent and can form the basis for pharmacological studies.Key words: Salvia verticcilata, medicinal plant, antioxidant, phenolic composition, multidrug resistan

Computed tomography depiction of normal inguinal lymph nodes in children

Background: The aim of the study was to establish computed tomography (CT) characteristics, distribution and provide normative data about size of normal inguinal lymph nodes in a paediatric population. Materials and methods: Four hundred eighty-one otherwise healthy children (147 girls, mean age: 8.87, range 0–17 years) underwent pelvic CT in the setting of high-energy trauma were included in the study. Both axial and coronal 1.25-mm reconstructions were evaluated for the presence, location (deep or superficial), number, presence of fat attenuation, and shape of the lymph nodes, short-axis diameter of the biggest lymph node for each of right and left inguinal regions. Results: A total of 7556 lymph nodes were detected in 481 subjects (the mean count of superficial and deep inguinal lymph nodes was 13.35 [range 6–23] and 2.36 [range 0–7] per subject, respectively): 15% (1135/7556) deep located, 85% (6421/7556) superficially located, 86.6% (6547/7556) with fat attenuation, 99.2% (7496/7556) oval in shape, 0.8% (60/7556) spherical. The short-axis diameter of the lymph nodes increased with age. Pearson’s correlation coefficient for superficial and deep lymph nodes in boys and girls, respectively: 0.538 (p < 0.001), 0.504 (p < 0.001), 0.452 (p < 0.001) and 0.268 (p < 0.001). The mean maximum short-axis diameters in different age groups and gender varied between 6.33 ± 0.85 mm and 8.68 ± 1.33 mm for superficial, 3.62 ± 1.16 mm and 5.83 ± 1.05 mm for deep inguinal lymph nodes. Conclusions: Inguinal lymph nodes were multiple, commonly contained fat, and were oval in shape. The data determined about inguinal lymph node size in different paediatric age groups may be applicable as normative data in daily clinical CT evaluation practice

Molecular structure, vibrational spectral investigation and the confirmation analysis of 4-Methylesculetin molecule

WOS: 000333614200003In this work, FT-IR, FT-Raman, and FT-NMR spectra of 4-Methylesculetin molecule are presented for the first time. FT-IR, FT-Raman, and FT-NMR spectra of 4MEC have been recorded and analyzed. The FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra of this molecule are recorded at 4000-400 cm(-1) and 50-3500 cm(-1), respectively. The infrared vibrational frequencies, absolute intensities, potential energy profile, HOMO-LUMO plot and NBO analysis of the molecule have been also predicted using Becke's three-parameter hybrid B3LYP method in the density functional theory DFT method. Calculated and experimental data are in good agreement.Ahi Evran University Research FundAhi Evran University [FEN.4003.12.013]Y. Erdogdu would like to thank Ahi Evran University Research Fund for its financial support. Project Numbers: FEN.4003.12.013. Computing resources used in this work were provided by the National Center for High Performance Computing of Turkey (UYBHM)

"ENERGY APPROACH" FOR CALCULATING THE ECONOMIC VALUE OF BIORESOURCES OF THE HUNTING FARM "SVIYAZHSKOE"

O papel dos animais no ecossistema é determinado por uma ampla gama de fatores. Este é, antes de tudo, o número, a biomassa e a natureza da alimentação. Devido ao fato de que a taxa metabólica em diferentes grupos de animais não é a mesma, o indicador mais importante de sua importância no funcionamento do ecossistema é o fluxo de energia que passa pela comunidade (energia transformável). O artigo apresenta dados sobre o uso de energia transformável para avaliar os recursos de espécies terrestres de vertebrados nas condições da fazenda de caça "Sviyazhskoe. A abordagem implementada pode ser aplicada a diferentes territórios. Uma limitação fundamental pode ser apenas a ausência de dados sistemáticos sobre os registros de todos os grupos.The role of animals in the ecosystem is determined by a wide range of factors. This is, first of all, the number, biomass and nature of feeding. Due to the fact, that the metabolic rate in different groups of animals is not the same, the most integral indicator of their significance in the functioning of ecosystem is the energy flow, passing through the community (transformable energy). The article presents data on the use of transformable energy for assessing the resources of terrestrial vertebrate species in the conditions of the hunting farm "Sviyazhskoe. The implemented approach can be applied to different territories. A fundamental limitation can only be the absence of systematic data on the records of all groups.El papel de los animales en el ecosistema está determinado por una amplia gama de factores. Este es, en primer lugar, el número, la biomasa y la naturaleza de la alimentación. Debido al hecho de que la tasa metabólica en diferentes grupos de animales no es la misma, el indicador más integral de su importancia en el funcionamiento del ecosistema es el flujo de energía, que pasa a través de la comunidad (energía transformable). El artículo presenta datos sobre el uso de energía transformable para evaluar los recursos de las especies de vertebrados terrestres en las condiciones de la granja de caza "Sviyazhskoe. El enfoque implementado puede aplicarse a diferentes territorios. Una limitación fundamental solo puede ser la ausencia de datos sistemáticos sobre Los registros de todos los grupos