Asociación entre genotipo y evolución patogénica en variantes naturales del virus de la leucosis bovina

Asociacion entre genotipo y evolucion patogénica en variantes naturales del virus de la leucosis bovina. Karina Trono1, María José DusSantos1, Andrés Wigdorovitz1, Sabrina Rodríguez1, Sebastián Chiavenna1, Fernando Ardila2, Manuel Borca1 y Consuelo Carrillo1 1 Instituto de Virología. CICVyA. INTA Castelar. 2 Instituto de Genética. CNIA. INTA Castelar. La relación entre el genotipo y las formas de manifestación patogénica está demostrada para ciertos Retrovirus, y se ha descripto la presencia de determinantes de patogenia, tropismo tisular y virulencia en regiones del genoma proviral como LTR y env Sin embargo, esto no ha sido descripto para el Virus de la Leucosis Bovina (VLB), donde aún no se conocen las causas de desarrollo de las diferentes formas de la infección: el linfosarcoma (LS), la linfocitosis persistente (PL), o la forma aleucémica (AL). Con el objetivo de conocer si existe relación entre el genotipo proviral del VLB y las formas de evolución patogénica de animales infectados se secuenció la zona R-U5 de las regiones genéticas provirales LTR aisladas de 36 animales infectados naturalmente y con diferentes formas de evolución: 14 con linfosarcoma (LS), 11 con Linfocitosis Persistente (PL) y 10 portadores asintomáticos o aleucémicos (AL). La secuencia de nucleótidos reveló la presencia de 4 cambios fijos y característicos de los LTR de provirus aislados de linfosarcoma (100%), 1 en la región R y 3 en U5. Estos cambios se encontraron ausentes en la mayoría (16/22) de los provirus aislados de formas asintomáticas (AL/PL). La alta asociación entre los cambios de nucleótidos y las formas de patogenia, fue demostrada estadísticamente y permitió agrupar en forma diferencial a los provirus aislados de linfosarcoma, con respecto a los provirus de AL/PL y confirmar la existencia de una secuencia consenso de LS. Este trabajo define por primera vez la presencia de marcadores de patogenia asociados al genotipo viral de VLB así como la existencia de una secuencia de nucleótidos propia de LS en la región LTR del genoma proviral de VLB

Genomic profile of breast cancer: cost<br>effectiveness analysis from the Spanish National Healthcare System perspective.

Background: Costeffectiveness analysis of MammaPrint® (70-gene signature) in the diagnosis of early breast cancer as a prognosis assay to study the risk of tumor recurrence to administer adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: Markov model assuming a cohort of 60-year-old women with breast cancer. Treatment costs and effects were assessed by comparing the 5-year, 10-year and lifetime risk of recurrence using Adjuvant! Online® (online algorithm), 70-gene signature or Oncotype DX® (21-gene assay). Results: 70-gene signature showed a life expectancy of 23.55 years at lifetime. Life expectancy was lower for 21-gene assay and online algorithm, with associated quality-adjusted life year gains up to 0.23 and 0.75, respectively, with 70-gene signature. At year 5, the mean cost of 21-gene assay, 70-gene signature and online algorithm was 7100, 6380 and 4580, respectively. 70-gene signature was dominant versus 21-gene assay at any time horizon and would be costeffective from year 7 versus online algorithm (lifetime: 1457 per quality-adjusted life years gained). Conclusions: 70-gene signature was a dominant strategy over 21-gene assay and was highly costeffective versus online algorithm

Quality of life and length of survival in advanced cancer patients on home parenteral nutrition

The use of home parenteral nutrition (HPN) in patients with advanced cancer is controversial because survival is usually short and there are no data regarding the quality of life (QoL)

Genomic profile of breast cancer: cost<br>effectiveness analysis from the Spanish National Healthcare System perspective.

Background: Costeffectiveness analysis of MammaPrint® (70-gene signature) in the diagnosis of early breast cancer as a prognosis assay to study the risk of tumor recurrence to administer adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: Markov model assuming a cohort of 60-year-old women with breast cancer. Treatment costs and effects were assessed by comparing the 5-year, 10-year and lifetime risk of recurrence using Adjuvant! Online® (online algorithm), 70-gene signature or Oncotype DX® (21-gene assay). Results: 70-gene signature showed a life expectancy of 23.55 years at lifetime. Life expectancy was lower for 21-gene assay and online algorithm, with associated quality-adjusted life year gains up to 0.23 and 0.75, respectively, with 70-gene signature. At year 5, the mean cost of 21-gene assay, 70-gene signature and online algorithm was 7100, 6380 and 4580, respectively. 70-gene signature was dominant versus 21-gene assay at any time horizon and would be costeffective from year 7 versus online algorithm (lifetime: 1457 per quality-adjusted life years gained). Conclusions: 70-gene signature was a dominant strategy over 21-gene assay and was highly costeffective versus online algorithm

An experimental evaluation of the proto-mate: A novel ergonomic upper-limb exoskeleton to reduce workers' physical strain

Wearable passive upper-limb exoskeletons have been proposed and commercialized as tools to improve the ergonomics of workers in repetitive or physically demanding tasks. In the study presented here, an innovative upper-limb exoskeleton is presented, along with experimental tests with human subjects. The device, called proto-MATE, is characterized by two distinguishing design features: a highly ergonomic human-robot kinematics architecture and bioinspired assistance, created to partially compensate for the user's arm weight. Experimental tests investigated the device's effects on the physical strain of eight upper-limb muscles. These tests also quantified the kinematic coupling between the device and the user by means of specific kinematics-related parameters. The protocol included overhead tasks that are representative of the target application and tasks that generalize nontargeted upperlimb movements and may occur in real working conditions