Data for: Asymmetry of affect in verbal irony understanding: What about the N400 and P600 components?

We investigated the neurocognitive processes behind the asymmetry of affect observed in irony understanding, where ironic criticism is more easily understood than ironic praise. We recorded the ERPs of participants while they listened to positive (e.g., “These children are always smiling”) or negative (e.g., “His son is very unfortunate”) remarks pronounced with a sincere or ironic prosody. Participants had to decide whether or not the speaker was sincere. Two ERP components were of interest: the N400 and the P60

The interaction between textual structures and prior knowledge: Hypotheses, data and simulations

International audienceOur purpose was to compare the effect of two types of textual semantic coherence - causal and teleological - oil the organization of the mental representation elaborated after reading by learners with different levels of prior knowledge. Beginners, Intermediates and Advanced in computer domain read either the causal or the teleological version of a text describing three functions of a text editor, then performed a cued recall and a recognition task. We assumed that Advanced learners build a mental representation of the domain organized in a hierarchical goal/sub-goals structure, whereas Beginners and Intermediates have a mental representation organized in a causal path. If this is so, the results should indicate a significant interaction between prior knowledge and the semantic coherence of the texts: for the Advanced learners, recall and recognition of the teleological text should be better, whereas for the Beginners and Intermediates, the reverse was expected. As we assumed, results indicated that a teleological organization of textual information facilitated the comprehension of Advanced participants while a temporal-causal organization facilitated the comprehension of Beginner and Intermediate participants. The Construction-Integration model of Kintsch (1988, 1998) was used to simulate the recall results and to reproduce the effect of prior knowledge on the retrieval of textual information

Structures textuelles et niveaux d'expertise

Summary: Text structures and prior knowledge The purpose of this experiment was to show a differential effect of two types of textual structures (causal and teleological) on text comprehension with subjects of different levels of expertise (novices, intermediates and experts) in a domain describing three functions of the text-editor «Microsoft Word». We assumed an interaction between text structure and prior knowledge. Experts performed better than the two other levels of expertise, with the exception of cued recall, and this effect depended on the semantic text structure. Additionally, the results showed the existence of an intermediate effect in the recall of the causal text and emphazised the necessity to study the representation elaborated in relation with learners' prior knowledge. Key word: learning, prior knowledge, intermediate effect, text structures.Résumé Le but de cette expérience est de montrer qu'il existe un effet différentiel de deux types de structures textuelles (causale et téléologique) sur la mémorisation et la compréhension de textes par des sujets novices, intermédiaires et experts dans un domaine décrivant trois procédures du logiciel de traitement de texte Microsoft Word. Les résultats indiquent que les performances des experts sont supérieures à celles des intermédiaires et des novices sauf dans l'épreuve de rappel indicé et que cet effet dépend de la structure sémantique des textes. Ils montrent l'existence d'un effet intermédiaire dans le rappel du texte causal et renforcent la nécessité d'étudier la représentation construite en interaction avec les connaissances initiales. Mots-clés : apprentissage, connaissance initiale, effet intermédiaire, structures textuelles.Caillies S., Tapiero Isabelle. Structures textuelles et niveaux d'expertise. In: L'année psychologique. 1997 vol. 97, n°4. pp. 611-639

The interaction between textual structures and prior knowledge: Hypotheses, data and simulations

International audienceOur purpose was to compare the effect of two types of textual semantic coherence - causal and teleological - oil the organization of the mental representation elaborated after reading by learners with different levels of prior knowledge. Beginners, Intermediates and Advanced in computer domain read either the causal or the teleological version of a text describing three functions of a text editor, then performed a cued recall and a recognition task. We assumed that Advanced learners build a mental representation of the domain organized in a hierarchical goal/sub-goals structure, whereas Beginners and Intermediates have a mental representation organized in a causal path. If this is so, the results should indicate a significant interaction between prior knowledge and the semantic coherence of the texts: for the Advanced learners, recall and recognition of the teleological text should be better, whereas for the Beginners and Intermediates, the reverse was expected. As we assumed, results indicated that a teleological organization of textual information facilitated the comprehension of Advanced participants while a temporal-causal organization facilitated the comprehension of Beginner and Intermediate participants. The Construction-Integration model of Kintsch (1988, 1998) was used to simulate the recall results and to reproduce the effect of prior knowledge on the retrieval of textual information

Data for: Asymmetry of affect in verbal irony understanding: What about the N400 and P600 components?

We investigated the neurocognitive processes behind the asymmetry of affect observed in irony understanding, where ironic criticism is more easily understood than ironic praise. We recorded the ERPs of participants while they listened to positive (e.g., “These children are always smiling”) or negative (e.g., “His son is very unfortunate”) remarks pronounced with a sincere or ironic prosody. Participants had to decide whether or not the speaker was sincere. Two ERP components were of interest: the N400 and the P600THIS DATASET IS ARCHIVED AT DANS/EASY, BUT NOT ACCESSIBLE HERE. TO VIEW A LIST OF FILES AND ACCESS THE FILES IN THIS DATASET CLICK ON THE DOI-LINK ABOV

La compréhension des expressions idiomatiques chez les personnes atteintes du syndrome d'Asperger.

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Ambiguity detection in adolescents with Asperger Syndrome : is central coherence or theory of mind impaired?

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Ambiguity detection in adolescents with Asperger Syndrome : is central coherence or theory of mind impaired?

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Inference processing in adolescents with Asperger's Syndrome: Relationship with Theory of Mind abilities

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