Quantitative study of laterally inhomogeneous wetting films

Based on a microscopic density functional theory we calculate the internal structure of the three-phase contact line between liquid, vapor, and a confining wall as well as the morphology of liquid wetting films on a substrate exhibiting a chemical step. We present a refined numerical analysis of the nonlocal density functional which describes the interface morphologies and the corresponding line tensions. These results are compared with those predicted by a more simple phenomenological interface displacement model. Except for the case that the interface exhibits large curvatures, we find that the interface displacement model provides a quantitatively reliable description of the interfacial structures.Comment: 31 pages, RevTeX, 13 figure

Electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon in effective field theory

We calculate the electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon to third chiral order in manifestly Lorentz-invariant effective field theory. The rho and omega mesons as well as the Delta(1232) resonance are included as explicit dynamical degrees of freedom. To obtain a self-consistent theory with respect to constraints we consider the proper relations among the couplings of the effective Lagrangian. For the purpose of generating a systematic power counting, the extended on-mass-shell renormalization scheme is applied in combination with the small-scale expansion. The results for the electric and magnetic Sachs form factors are analyzed in terms of experimental data and compared to previous findings in the framework of chiral perturbation theory. The pion-mass dependence of the form factors is briefly discussed.Comment: 26 pages, 9 figure

Phase Transitions in a Two-Component Site-Bond Percolation Model

A method to treat a N-component percolation model as effective one component model is presented by introducing a scaled control variable $p_{+}$. In Monte Carlo simulations on $16^{3}$, $32^{3}$, $64^{3}$ and $128^{3}$ simple cubic lattices the percolation threshold in terms of $p_{+}$ is determined for N=2. Phase transitions are reported in two limits for the bond existence probabilities $p_{=}$ and $p_{\neq}$. In the same limits, empirical formulas for the percolation threshold $p_{+}^{c}$ as function of one component-concentration, $f_{b}$, are proposed. In the limit $p_{=} = 0$ a new site percolation threshold, $f_{b}^{c} \simeq 0.145$, is reported.Comment: RevTeX, 5 pages, 5 eps-figure

Soft-Collinear Messengers: A New Mode in Soft-Collinear Effective Theory

It is argued that soft-collinear effective theory for processes involving both soft and collinear partons, such as exclusive B-meson decays, should include a new mode in addition to soft and collinear fields. These "soft-collinear messengers" can interact with both soft and collinear particles without taking them far off-shell. They thus can communicate between the soft and collinear sectors of the theory. The relevance of the new mode is demonstrated with an explicit example, and the formalism incorporating the corresponding quark and gluon fields into the effective Lagrangian is developed.Comment: 22 pages, 5 figures. Extended Section 6, clarifying the relevance of different types of soft-collinear interaction

The Chanka: Archaeological Research in Andahuaylas (Apurimac), Peru

In AD 1438 a battle took place outside the city of Cuzco that changed the course of South American history. The Chanka, a powerful ethnic group from the Andahuaylas region, had begun an aggressive program of expansion. Conquering a host of smaller polities, their army had advanced well inside the territory of their traditional rival, the Inca. In a series of unusual maneuvers, the Inca defeated the invading Chanka forces and became the most powerful people in the Andes. Many scholars believe that the defeat of the Chanka represents a defining moment in the history of South America as the Inca then continued to expand and establish the largest empire of the Americas. Despite its critical position in South American history, until recently the Chanka heartland remained unexplored and the cultural processes that led to their rapid development and subsequent defeat by the Inca had not been investigated. From 2001 to 2004, Brian Bauer conducted an archaeological survey of the Andahuaylas region. This project represents an unparalleled opportunity to examine theoretical issues concerning the history and cultural development of late-prehistoric societies in this area of the Andes. The resulting book includes an archaeological analysis on the development of the Chanka and examines their ultimate defeat by the Inca. Series: Monographs 6

Phase diagram for morphological transitions of wetting films on chemically structured substrates

Using an interface displacement model we calculate the shapes of thin liquidlike films adsorbed on flat substrates containing a chemical stripe. We determine the entire phase diagram of morphological phase transitions in these films as function of temperature, undersaturation, and stripe widthComment: 15 pages, RevTeX, 7 Figure

Combination of a magnetic Feshbach resonance and an optical bound-to-bound transition

We use laser light near resonant with an optical bound-to-bound transition to shift the magnetic field at which a Feshbach resonance occurs. We operate in a regime of large detuning and large laser intensity. This reduces the light-induced atom-loss rate by one order of magnitude compared to our previous experiments [D.M. Bauer et al. Nature Phys. 5, 339 (2009)]. The experiments are performed in an optical lattice and include high-resolution spectroscopy of excited molecular states, reported here. In addition, we give a detailed account of a theoretical model that describes our experimental data

Power Counting in the Soft-Collinear Effective Theory

We describe in some detail the derivation of a power counting formula for the soft-collinear effective theory (SCET). This formula constrains which operators are required to correctly describe the infrared at any order in the Lambda_QCD/Q expansion (lambda expansion). The result assigns a unique lambda-dimension to graphs in SCET solely from vertices, is gauge independent, and can be applied independent of the process. For processes with an OPE the lambda-dimension has a correspondence with dynamical twist.Comment: 12 pages, 1 fig, journal versio

Vegetation and soils field research data base: Experiment summaries

Understanding of the relationships between the optical, spectral characteristics and important biological-physical parameters of earth-surface features can best be obtained by carefully controlled studies over fields and plots where complete data describing the condition of targets are attainable and where frequent, timely spectral measurement can be obtained. Development of a vegetation and soils field research data base was initiated in 1972 at Purdue University's Laboratory for Applications of Remote Sensing and expanded in the fall of 1974 by NASA as part of LACIE. Since then, over 250,000 truck-mounted and helicopter-borne spectrometer/multiband radiometer observations have been obtained of more than 50 soil series and 20 species of crops, grasses, and trees. These data are supplemented by an extensive set of biophysical and meteorological data acquired during each mission. The field research data form one of the most complete and best-documented data sets acquired for agricultural remote sensing research. Thus, they are well-suited to serve as a data base for research to: (1) quantiatively determine the relationships of spectral and biophysical characteristics of vegetation, (2) define future sensor systems, and (3) develop advanced data analysis techniques