Stability indicating RP-HPLC method for the estimation of flucloxacillin sodium in a tablet dosage form

A Simple, accurate and precise method was developed and validated for the determination of flucloxacillin sodium in its tablet dosage form. The separation was eluted on xterra c18 column (4.6x150mm, 5micron) using a mixture of octane buffer and methanol as mobile phase in a ratio of (30:70) which was pumped through column at a flow rate of  1ml/min. Optimised wavelength for flucloxacillin was 237nm, the retention time was 2.305minutes and the percentage purity was found to be 98.14%. System suitability parameters such as theoretical plate and tailing factor for flucloxacillin sodium was found to be 2991.64 and 1.90 respectively, the proposed method was validated as per ICH guidelines (ICH, Q2 AND (R1)) the method was found to be linear at the concentration range of 20-100µg/ml and the correlation coefficient (r2) value was found to be 0.9994 percentage RSD for precision was 0.9% and percentage RSD for ruggedness was 0.5%. The precision study was precise, robust and repeatable. The LOD and LOQ values are 2.98 and 9.98 respectively. Hence the suggested RP-HPLC method can be used for routine analysis for flucloxacillin sodium in tablet dosage form

COPS: A Compact On-device Pipeline for real-time Smishing detection

Smartphones have become indispensable in our daily lives and can do almost everything, from communication to online shopping. However, with the increased usage, cybercrime aimed at mobile devices is rocketing. Smishing attacks, in particular, have observed a significant upsurge in recent years. This problem is further exacerbated by the perpetrator creating new deceptive websites daily, with an average life cycle of under 15 hours. This renders the standard practice of keeping a database of malicious URLs ineffective. To this end, we propose a novel on-device pipeline: COPS that intelligently identifies features of fraudulent messages and URLs to alert the user in real-time. COPS is a lightweight pipeline with a detection module based on the Disentangled Variational Autoencoder of size 3.46MB for smishing and URL phishing detection, and we benchmark it on open datasets. We achieve an accuracy of 98.15% and 99.5%, respectively, for both tasks, with a false negative and false positive rate of a mere 0.037 and 0.015, outperforming previous works with the added advantage of ensuring real-time alerts on resource-constrained devices.Comment: Published at IEEE Consumer Communications & Networking Conference (CCNC) 202

Early enteral feeding and delayed enteral feeding: A comparative study

AIM OF THE STUDY: To evaluate if early commencement of enteral nutrition compared to traditional management (delayed enteral feeding) is associated with fewer complications and improved outcome: 1. In patients undergoing elective / emergency gastrointestinal surgery; 2. In patients with acute pancreatitis. DESIGN: The following study was conducted in Kilpauk Medical Mollege and Hospital. It is a prospective cohort interventional study, the source of the study being patients admitted in general surgery and surgical gastroenterology wards for either gastrointestinal surgeries or acute pancreatitis. The period of longitudinal observation was from July 2012 to November 2012. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were drawn up and only those patients satisfying both these criteria were included in the study. Patients admitted in my unit for GIT surgeries or acute pancreatitis constituted the test group while patients, while patients admitted in other units for similar disease processes constituted the control group. The sample size of the study was fixed at 100, the breakdown of which is as follows: 1. Test group (TG) – Patients were pooled from my unit (25 patients undergoing GIT surgeries + 25 patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis); 2. Control group (CG) – Patients were pooled from neighbouring units (25 patients undergoing GIT surgeries + 25 patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Anastomotic dehiscence, wound infection, Respiratory Infection, Day to pass flatus. Day to initiation of bowel sounds, intra-abdominal abscess, length of hospital stay, Serum Albumin, Weight gain, Post op fatigue. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Early enteral feeding was beneficial, associated with fewer complications, and was cost effective in the study. Nutrition is now regarded as a medical intervention, and this was aptly personified by Thoma Edison - The doctor of the future will no longer treat the human frame with drugs, but rather will cure and prevent disease with nutrition. If the gut works, use it. This is the theory behind early enteral feeding

Challenges Faced by Small-Scale Farmers in Rural Agricultural Marketing: A Case Study in India

Agriculture serves as the primary means of subsistence for the great majority of people living in rural areas of developing countries like India. The agriculture industry was a major pillar of economic growth and stability both before and after the oil boom that occurred in the late 1950s. As a result of the fact that domestic production satisfied the large majority of the demand for agricultural products, it was not necessary to spend valuable foreign cash on the purchase of these things. In international organizations that deal with topics such as food safety, biodiversity, innovation, intellectual property protection, trade, and sustainable development, small-scale farmers have a disproportionately low level of representation. As a result, the objective of this research is to investigate the challenges that are faced by small-scale farmers who are located in rural areas while they are attempting to sell their produce. For the purpose of the study, a descriptive methodology and certain fundamental random sampling procedures were utilized, and fifty (50) small-scale farmers were chosen at random to participate. The researchers employed a questionnaire that did not include any open-ended questions so that they could get information from the subjects of the study. In order to make sense of the data that was gathered, conventional statistical methods such as frequency, percentage, and mean were applied. According to the research, one of the most significant obstacles that stands in the way of the success of female business owners in the marketing field is their lack of access to various financing resources. After this comes problems with transit, and after that comes a lack of functionality in the market's infrastructure. The findings of the research indicated that there was an inadequate quantity of data on agricultural marketing in the region that was under investigation. Farmers need to be knowledgeable about a variety of various aspects of agricultural marketing, such as where they can acquire financing, how to keep their commodities fresh, how to package them, and how the market is functioning. According to the findings of the study, governments had to establish transparent criteria for the sale of agricultural products in order to shield farmers from being taken advantage of or suffering financial losses. This would serve this purpose. In prosperous nations, there is typically a system of crop insurance in place to ensure that farmers will make at least some money off of their harvests. Infrastructure, which includes roads, communication networks, and electricity sources, particularly in underserved areas and rural towns, requires significant financial investment from national governments in order to be upgraded and expanded

Urodynamic outcomes of tamsulosin in the treatment of primary bladder neck obstruction in men

Introduction: Alpha blockers are widely used in the treatment of primary bladder neck obstruction; however, evidence for objective urodynamic efficacy is scarce. We studied the effect of the uroselective α1-blocker tamsulosin on urodynamic parameters in male patients with type I primary bladder neck obstruction. Methods: A single center prospective observational study was carried out from July 2013 to February 2015. Male patients (18–50 years) with type 1 primary bladder neck obstruction were recruited. Selected patients were started on tablet tamsulosin 0.4 mg once daily for 3 months. International prostate symptom score (IPSS), uroflow and urodynamic studies were done pre- and post-treatment. Primary outcome was decreased in minimum detrusor pressure at maximum flow rate by 15%. Wilcoxon-matched pair signed-rank test was used. Results: Of 39 patients recruited, 21 patients completed the follow-up as per protocol and were analyzed. Mean age was 41 years. 57% patients achieved the primary outcome (median detrusor pressure pre- and post-treatment were 71 and 56 cm of water, P 60 was associated with poor outcomes. Conclusions: Tamsulosin 0.4 mg once a day is effective in reducing bladder outlet obstruction on pressure flow studies in patients with primary bladder neck obstruction type 1

Coastal water characteristics along Tamil Nadu, east coast of India during pre-northeast monsoon period

308-318A study was carried out to characterize the coastal waters along Tamil Nadu during the pre-northeast monsoon period. A significant spatial variation in coastal water characteristics with respect to physico-chemical parameters was observed, indicating the different level of anthropogenic influence at different study sites. Sampling locations near to the mega city Chennai (Ennore and Pattinapakkam) showed relatively high concentrations of almost all the nutrients due to significant anthropogenic inputs in terms of house hold wastes and industrial effluents through the Adyar and Cooum rivers. A clear decreasing trend in nitrate and phosphate was observed from the northern to southern region of the study area, typifying the signature of pollution in the northern regions. Positive correlations among all the nutrients indicated their common source of origin through external input by the river estuaries and backwaters. Cluster analysis clearly established the presence of a polluted zone (near to Chennai), a buffering zone (Kovalam and Kalpakkam) and a least effected environment in the southern region (Marakanam, Poombukar, Pondicherry and Parangipettai) of the study area

Why do verification approaches in automation rarely use HIL-test?

Nowadays, model-driven formal verification approaches are much researched for testing industrial control applications. However, these approaches can't check the system for bus errors, faulty hardware configurations and compatibility problems efficient. For sufficient testing, Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) test should be used. But the HIL-test is rarely used in the field of automation because of missing experience with it and great costs by using vendor-dependent solutions. This paper will discusses the current problems of HIL-tests for verifying the control applications and presents a promising vendor-independent approach for its implementation

Geochemical distribution of forms of phosphorus in marine sediment of Bay of Bengal, southeast coast of India

1132-1141Sediment samples were collected from three transects in the continental shelf region (up to 30km offshore) between Chennai to Marakkanam. Sedimentary parameters such as sand, silt, clay and organic carbon percentage were analyzed in order to find out their relation with various phosphorus fractions.  Sediment was found to be predominantly sandy in nature with low silt and clay content. Among all the fractions (loosely bound- Lo-P, calcium bound- Ca-P, iron bound- Fe-P, aluminum bound- Al-P and organically bound- OP), Ca-P fraction constituted the largest portion (71.38%) followed by OP (16.16%). Bioavailable fractions of phosphorus ranged from 9.3 to 36.2% (avg. 20.9%) of the total phosphorus (TP) during the present study. Total phosphorus content in the offshore sediments ranged between 469.35 and 1219.34 mg/kg with an average of 824.66 mg/kg. The abundance of the major forms of P in the surface sediments of Kalpakkam coast followed the order: Ca-P > OP > Al-P > Lo-P > Fe-P. Cluster analysis clearly showed that all the three transects were different from each other as they formed three different clusters