Effect of Enzyme Addition in the Making of Pedro Ximenez Sweet Wines Using Dynamic Pre-fermentative Maceration

This work evaluated the effect of two commercial pectolytic enzymes on some oenological parameters before andafter enzymatic treatments with pre-fermentative dynamic maceration at room temperature for three hours. Thestudy was conducted on an industrial scale using musts from sun-dried grapes of the Pedro Ximenez variety.Statistical analysis and sensory rating showed that the resulting wines varied significantly in total soluble solids(ºBrix) and in the final sensorial controls. On the other hand, the enzyme treatment had no effect on the contentof total polyphenols (TPI) and other chemical characteristics of the obtained musts. A higher qualitative level wasobserved with regard to aroma and gustative quality compared to the control. The results also demonstrate thattotal juice yield improved after enzyme addition together with dynamic maceration

Kinetics of Expression in Cancer Drug Resistance

This research was funded by Fundação de Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT), grant number UID-BIM-00009-2020 and GHTM-UID/Multi/04413/2013. The APC was funded by Fundação de Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT), grant number UID-BIM-00009-2020.Cancer drug resistance (CDR) is a major problem in therapeutic failure. Over 90% of patients with metastatic cancer present CDR. Several mechanisms underlie CDR, including the increased expression of efflux ABC transporters and epigenetic phenomena. Nevertheless, a topic that is not usually addressed is the mechanism underlying the loss of CDR once the challenge to these cells is withdrawn. A KCR cell line (doxorubicin-resistant, expressing ABCB1) was used to induce loss of resistance by withdrawing doxorubicin in culture medium. ABCB1 activity was analysed by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry through substrate (DiOC2) retention assays. The expression of 1008 microRNAs was assessed before and after doxorubicin withdrawal. After 16 weeks of doxorubicin withdrawal, a decrease of ABCB1 activity and expression occurred. Moreover, we determined a signature of 23 microRNAs, 13 underexpressed and 10 overexpressed, as a tool to assess loss of resistance. Through pathway enrichment analysis, “Pathways in cancer”, “Proteoglycans in cancer” and “ECM-receptor interaction” were identified as relevant in the loss of CDR. Taken together, the data reinforce the assumption that ABCB1 plays a major role in the kinetics of CDR, and their levels of expression are in the dependence of the circuitry of cell miRNAspublishersversionpublishe

Estado de micorrización de árboles truferos en función de su carácter productivo y su edad. Primeros resultados del Subproyecto 1 del Plan de Desarrollo Integral de la Truficultura de Teruel

La truficultura es una actividad con clara dimensión forestal, entre otras razones porque las especies implicadas, tanto el hongo como su árbol simbionte, son de gran valor silvícola. Además, la truficultura y la selvicultura trufera son prácticas que contribuyen a la recuperación de masas forestales y zonas potencialmente boscosas, con el valor añadido de la obtención de las trufas, de modo, en la mayor parte de las ocasiones, totalmente ecológico. El Plan Específico para Teruel (PET) integra varias actuaciones promovidas por el Gobierno Español entre las que se encuentra la ejecución de un Proyecto de Investigación denominado “Desarrollo Integral de la Truficultura de Teruel”, financiado por INIA, en el que se pretende apoyar al sector trufero turolense mediante el conocimiento y la mejora de sus técnicas de cultivo, producción y comercialización. La presente comunicación resume los primeros resultados obtenidos en uno de los 7 subproyectos que lo integran y que afecta al estudio del cortejo micorrícico de los árboles de las plantaciones, productoras o no, y su relación con la producción. La composición micorrícica de los árboles truferos es un factor esencial para realizar predicciones sobre la producción futura. Tanto la ausencia de micorrizas de trufa negra como la detección de otras, capaces de desplazar a la primera de las raíces de los árboles, puede permitir el diagnóstico precoz de fracasos de plantaciones y por lo tanto el ahorro de muchos años de cuidados a la espera de las primeras recolecciones. Para el estudio, se han seleccionado 3 grupos de plantaciones por edad, con 2 localizaciones distintas. Se está desarrollando un inventario periódico de las micorrizas presentes en un total de 48 árboles. Se propone una clasificación de las mismas en función de su capacidad para comprometer la producción de trufa negra, factor que se ha determinado en base al carácter productor o no productor de cada árbol

Type 2 diabetes mellitus and the prevalence of apical periodontitis and endodontic treatment in an adult Brazilian population

Introduction This cross-sectional study evaluated the prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) and endodontic treatment in type 2 diabetic individuals as compared with nondiabetics from an adult Brazilian population. Methods Full-mouth radiographs from 30 type 2 diabetic and 60 age- and sex-matched nondiabetic individuals were examined, and the presence of AP lesions in untreated and root canal-treated teeth was recorded. The number of teeth and the prevalence of root canal treatment were also evaluated. Results AP was significantly more present in teeth from diabetic individuals (98/652, 15%) than in nondiabetic controls (162/1,368, 12%) (P = .05). A separate analysis of untreated and treated teeth revealed that significance was mostly because of the prevalence of AP in untreated teeth, which was 10% in diabetics and 7% in nondiabetics (P = .03). No significant difference between diabetics and nondiabetics was observed for the other parameters under study, including the prevalence of AP in root canal–treated teeth, the number of teeth in the oral cavity, the number of treated teeth per individual, the number of individuals with at least 1 AP lesion or 1 root canal treatment, and the number of teeth with AP per individual (P > .05). Conclusions AP was significantly more prevalent in untreated teeth from type 2 diabetics. This suggests that diabetes may serve as a disease modifier of AP in the sense that individuals with diabetes can be more prone to develop primary disease. However, findings do not confirm that diabetes may influence the response to root canal treatment because treated teeth had no increased prevalence of AP when compared with controls

Pulmonary ballon valvuloplasty in 95 dogs: effect of valve morphology on immediate and late outcome

Pulmonic stenosis (PS) is one of the most common congenital heart defects in dogs. Pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty (PBV) is now the treatment of choice for PS in humans as in dogs. In human PBV has gained acceptance as the first option in the management of PS in any age group (newborn, children, adult) and any valve morphology (typical or dysplastic). Valve morphology, hinge point diameter and immediate higher residual gradient are identified as the most significant independent predictors of long term results. Concerning dogs, only few studies analyzed the importance of valve morphology as selection criteria for PBV. The first purpose of this retrospective study is evaluating if valve morphology is an important factor for successful PBV as it has been confirmed for human. PBV was performed in 95 dogs (75 type A PS, 16 a type B and 4 intermediate type). The mean peak Doppler gradient before PBV was 124 mmHg (\ub140) in dogs with type A (range 45-227 mmHg) and 133 mmHg (\ub130) in dogs with type B (range 65-182 mmHg). The mean peak Doppler gradient after the PBV (24h) was for the type A 49 mmHg (\ub121) (range 15-104 mmHg) and for the type B 68 mmHg (\ub124) (range 35-109 mmHg), documenting a significant reduction of gradient in both groups (P<0,0001). The mean peak Doppler gradient at 1 year was 55 mmHg (\ub120) in dogs with type A (range 15-110 mmHg) and 73 mmHg (\ub131) in dogs with type B (range 25-119 mmHg), confirming a persistent gradient reduction in both groups (P<0,0001). The mean pressure gradient after the procedure at 24h (P<0,001) and at 1 year (P<0,05) between group A and B resulted to be lower in type A, suggesting better results. The PBV was considered successful (more than 50% reduction in pressure gradient from baseline) in 65 dog with type A (90%) and in 7 dogs with PS type B (54%). The PBV was performed without significant complications in 93% of dogs (88 dogs: 71 with type A, 13 with type B and 4 with intermediate type). Our study allows the following conclusions: PBV is effective in type A and B PS, furthermore PBV is more effective in type A. In human literature similar results are reported. The PBV of patient with dysplastic valve was less effective (61,11%) when compared with those with typical PS (80,59%). Despite the success rate was lower in the dysplastic group, PBV is still considered the first treatment option in both types of PS. Finally PBV in type B (or dysplastic) may avoided or delayed the need of surgery and provided a good long outcome in dogs as it occurs in humans

Erratum to: 36th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine: Brussels, Belgium. 15-18 March 2016.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s13054-016-1208-6.]