EEF en matemática con aplicaciones digitales del sector financiero

Economic and Financial Education (EEF) under guidance of the Ministry of National Education of Colombia (MEN) has purpose to empower the knowledge, skills and attitudes necessary for the informed decision making. This study has the aim of providing the mathematics teacher tools for the design of strategies that promote the development of EEF competences. It were studied different digital applications (Apps) that the financial sector presents to the common citizen to promote financial culture. As a result was found that the teacher could use the free Apps to develop and strengthen the skills in EEF. Concluding that the Apps of the financial sector are tools for the design of didactic strategies since it is possible to establish coherence with the guidelines of the MEN in order to develop competences in EEF in the students.La Educación Económica y Financiera (EEF) bajo orientaciones del Ministerio de Educación Nacional de Colombia(MEN) tiene la finalidad de potencializar conocimientos, habilidades y actitudes necesarias para la toma de decisiones informadas. Este artíıculo tiene como objetivo proporcionar al docente de matemáticas un banco de herramientas para la elaboración de estrategias que propendan por el desarrollo de competencias de EEF. Se estudiaron diferentes aplicaciones digitales (Apps) que presenta el sector financiero al ciudadano común para fomentar la cultura financiera. Como resultado se encuentra que el profesor podría usar estas Apps de uso libre en sus secuencias didácticas para desarrollar y fortalecer competencias en EEF. Concluyendo que las Apps del sector financiero constituyen herramientas didácticas en clase de matemáticas pues hay coherencia con los lineamientos del MEN para desarrollar competencias en EEF en cada uno de sus estudiantes

Effects of plot size, stand density, and scan density on the relationship between airborne laser scanning metrics and the gini coefficient of tree size inequality

© 2017, Canadian Science Publishing. All rights reserved. Estimation of the Gini coefficient (GC) of tree sizes using airborne laser scanning (ALS) can provide maps of forest structure across the landscape, which can support sustainable forest management. A challenge arise s in determining the optimal spatial resolution that maximizes the stability and precision of GC estimates, which in turn depends on stand density or ALS scan density. By subsampling different plot sizes within large field plots, we evaluated the optimal spatial resolution by observing changes in GC estimation and in its correlation with ALS metrics. We found that plot size had greater effects than either stand density or ALS scan density on the relationship between GC and ALS metrics. Uncertainty in GC estimates fell as plot size increased. Correlation with ALS metrics showed convex curves with maxima at 250–450m 2 , which thus was considered the optimal plot size and, consequently, the optimal spatial resolution. By thinning the density of the ALS point cloud, we deduced that at least 3 points·m −2 were needed for reliable GC estimates. Many nationwide ALS scan densities are sparser than this, so may be unreliable for GC estimation. Ours is a simple approach for evaluating the optimal spatial resolution in remote sensing estimation of any forest attribute

Integrated Crop Livestock Systems--A Key to Sustainable Intensification in Africa

Mixed crop-livestock systems provide livelihoods for a billion people and produce half the world’s cereal and around a third of its beef and milk. Market orientation and strong and growing demand for food provide powerful incentives for sustainable intensification of both crop and livestock enterprises in smallholders’ mixed systems in Africa. Better exploitation of the mutually reinforcing nature of crop and livestock systems can contribute to a positive, inclusive growth trajectory that is both ecologically and economically sustainable. In mixed systems, livestock intensification is often neglected relative to crops, yet livestock can make a positive contribution to raising productivity of the entire farming system. Similarly, intensification of crop production can pay dividends for livestock and enhance natural resources management, especially through increased biomass availability. Intensification and improved efficiency of livestock production means less greenhouse gases per unit of milk and more milk per unit of water. This paper argues that the opportunities and challenges justify greater investment in research for development to identify exactly where and how win-win outcomes can be achieved and what incentives, policies, technologies and other features of the enabling environment are needed to enable sustainable, integrated and productive mixed crop livstock systems

Manifestaciones clínicas serológicas y aislamiento del virus de estomatitis vesicular serotipo indiana en bovinos inoculados por vía intradérmica.

Con el siguiente experimento se pretendió demostrar el desarrollo de la estomatitis vesicular (E.V.) en bovinos inoculados por vía intradérmica. Para ello 3 bovinos adultos libres de anticuerpos contra la E.V. serotipo Indiana fueron inoculados con una dosis de 10 elevado a la 6.5 DICT50/2 ml, repartida en 2 sitios, inoculando 1 ml a lado y lado de la tabla del cuello por vía intradérmica. Un bovino con las mismas características de los inoculados se dejó como control por contacto. Se observó respuesta febril a los 4 días post-inoculación en los bovinos inoculados y control y lesiones vesiculares en la lengua y encías a los 6 días en los animales inoculados y a los 8 días en las encías del bovino control. El virus fue aislado de muestras de moco nasal y saliva desde el día 3 hasta el día 13 en los bovinos inoculados y desde el día 3 hasta el 11 en el bovino control. No fue posible el aislamiento en el virus a partir de muestras de sangre completa ni de materia fecal de ninguno de los animales durante el tiempo de experimentación, Tampoco se logró demostrar el estado de portador mediante el intento de aislamiento del virus a partir de muestras de líquido esófago-faríngeo tomadas después de cicatrizadas las lesiones bucales. Los niveles de anticuerpos seroneutralizantes fueron detectados desde el día 5 post-infección en los bovinos inoculados y desde el día 7 en el bovino control con títulos elevados. Bajo las condiciones de este estudio se demostró el desarrollo de la enfermedad en bovinos inoculados por vía intradérmica con el virus de la E.V. serotipo Indiana y la transmisión por contactoGanadería bovin

The 14q32 maternally imprinted locus is a major source of longitudinally stable circulating microRNAs as measured by small RNA sequencing

Understanding the normal temporal variation of serum molecules is a critical factor for identifying useful candidate biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of chronic disease. Using small RNA sequencing in a longitudinal study of 66 women with no history of cancer, we determined the distribution and dynamics (via intraclass correlation coefficients, ICCs) of the miRNA profile over 3 time points sampled across 2–5 years in the course of the screening trial, UKCTOCS. We were able to define a subset of longitudinally stable miRNAs (ICC >0.75) that were individually discriminating of women who had no cancer over the study period. These miRNAs were dominated by those originating from the C14MC cluster that is subject to maternal imprinting. This assessment was not significantly affected by common confounders such as age, BMI or time to centrifugation nor alternative methods to data normalisation. Our analysis provides important benchmark data supporting the development of miRNA biomarkers for the impact of life-course exposure as well as diagnosis and prognostication of chronic disease

A simple approach to forest structure classification using airborne laser scanning that can be adopted across bioregions

Reliable assessment of forest structural types (FSTs) aids sustainable forest management. We developed a methodology for the identification of FSTs using airborne laser scanning (ALS), and demonstrate its generality by applying it to forests from Boreal, Mediterranean and Atlantic biogeographical regions. First, hierarchal clustering analysis (HCA) was applied and clusters (FSTs) were determined in coniferous and deciduous forests using four forest structural variables obtained from forest inventory data – quadratic mean diameter (QMD), Gini coefficient (GC), basal area larger than mean (BALM) and density of stems (N) –. Then, classification and regression tree analysis (CART) were used to extract the empirical threshold values for discriminating those clusters. Based on the classification trees, GC and BALM were the most important variables in the identification of FSTs. Lower, medium and high values of GC and BALM characterize single storey FSTs, multi-layered FSTs and exponentially decreasing size distributions (reversed J), respectively. Within each of these main FST groups, we also identified young/mature and sparse/dense subtypes using QMD and N. Then we used similar structural predictors derived from ALS – maximum height (Max), L-coefficient of variation (Lcv), L-skewness (Lskew), and percentage of penetration (cover), – and a nearest neighbour method to predict the FSTs. We obtained a greater overall accuracy in deciduous forest (0.87) as compared to the coniferous forest (0.72). Our methodology proves the usefulness of ALS data for structural heterogeneity assessment of forests across biogeographical regions. Our simple two-tier approach to FST classification paves the way toward transnational assessments of forest structure across bioregions

Polarization dependence of angle-resolved photoemission with submicron spatial resolution reveals emerging one-dimensionality of electrons in NbSe3

In materials with nearly commensurate band filling the electron liquid may spontaneously separate into components with distinct properties, yielding complex intra-and interunit cell ordering patterns and a reduced dimensionality. Polarization-dependent angle-resolved photoemission data with submicron spatial resolution demonstrate such an electronic self-organization in NbSe3, a compound considered to be a paradigm of charge order. The new data indicate the emergence of a novel order, and reveal the one-dimensional (1D) physics hidden in a material which naively could be considered the most three dimensional of all columnar chalcogenides. The 1D physics is evidenced by a new selection rule-in two polarizations we observe two strikingly different dispersions each closely resembling apparently contradicting results of previous studies of this material

MicroRNAs as biomarkers for prostate cancer prognosis: a systematic review and a systematic reanalysis of public data

Background Reliable prognostic biomarkers to distinguish indolent from aggressive prostate cancer (PCa) are lacking. Many studies investigated microRNAs (miRs) as PCa prognostic biomarkers, often reporting inconsistent findings. We present a systematic review of these; also systematic reanalysis of public miR-profile datasets to identify tissue-derived miRs prognostic of biochemical recurrence (BCR) in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy. Methods Independent PubMed searches were performed for relevant articles from January 2007 to December 2019. For the review, 128 studies were included. Pooled-hazard-ratios (HRs) for miRs in multiple studies were calculated using a random-effects model (REM). For the reanalysis, five studies were included and Cox proportional-hazard models, testing miR association with BCR, performed for miRs profiled in all. Results Systematic review identified 120 miRs as prognostic. Five (let-7b-5p, miR-145-5p, miR152-3p, miR-195-5p, miR-224-5p) were consistently associated with progression in multiple cohorts/studies. In the reanalysis, ten (let-7a-5p, miR-148a-3p, miR-203a-3p, miR-26b-5p, miR30a-3p, miR-30c-5p, miR-30e-3p, miR-374a-5p, miR-425-3p, miR-582-5p) were significantly prognostic of BCR. Of these, miR-148a-3p (HR = 0.80/95% CI = 0.68-0.94) and miR-582-5p (HR = 0.73/95% CI = 0.61-0.87) were also reported in prior publication(s) in the review. Conclusions Fifteen miRs were consistently associated with disease progression in multiple publications or datasets. Further research into their biological roles is warranted to support investigations into their performance as prognostic PCa biomarkers