2,530 research outputs found
‘Rich’ and ‘poor’ in mentalizing: do expert mentalizers exist?
Mentalization theory is concerned with the capacity to notice, and make sense of, thoughts and feelings in self and others. This development may be healthy or impaired and therefore, by extension, it may be theorized that expertise in mentalizing can exist. Furthermore, a continuum from impairment to expertise should exist within separate dimensions of mentalizing: of self and of others. This study hypothesized that three groups would be distinguishable on the basis of their mentalizing capacities. In a cross-sectional design, Psychological Therapists (‘expert’ mentalizers; n = 51), individuals with a diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder (‘poor’ mentalizers; n = 43) and members of the general population (‘non-clinical controls’; n = 35) completed a battery of self-report measures. These assessed the mentalizing of self and of others (using an extended version of the Reflective Function Questionnaire (RFQ18)), alexithymia and cognitive empathy. As hypothesized, Psychological Therapists’ scores were higher than controls on self-mentalizing and control group scores were higher than those with BPD. Cognitive empathy scores in the BPD group indicated markedly lower capacities than the other two groups. Contrary to predictions, no significant differences were found between groups on mentalizing others in RFQ18 scores. The Psychological Therapist and BPD profiles were characterized by differential impairment in self and others but in opposing directions. Results suggest that the RFQ18 can identify groups with expertise in mentalizing. Implications of these results for the effectiveness of psychological therapy and of Psychological Therapists are discussed
Folding and unfolding phylogenetic trees and networks
Phylogenetic networks are rooted, labelled directed acyclic graphs which are commonly used to represent reticulate evolution. There is a close relationship between phylogenetic networks and multi-labelled trees (MUL-trees). Indeed, any phylogenetic network can be "unfolded" to obtain a MUL-tree and, conversely, a MUL-tree can in certain circumstances be "folded" to obtain a phylogenetic network that exhibits . In this paper, we study properties of the operations and in more detail. In particular, we introduce the class of stable networks, phylogenetic networks for which is isomorphic to , characterise such networks, and show that they are related to the well-known class of tree-sibling networks.We also explore how the concept of displaying a tree in a network can be related to displaying the tree in the MUL-tree . To do this, we develop a phylogenetic analogue of graph fibrations. This allows us to view as the analogue of the universal cover of a digraph, and to establish a close connection between displaying trees in and reconcilingphylogenetic trees with networks
The CP walker for strength training in children with spastic cerebral palsy:A training program proposal
Bridge distress caused by approach embankment settlement
Surtees Bridge, which carries the A66(T) over the River
Tees near Thornaby-on-Tees in the UK, has been
showing signs of distress that predate its opening in
1981. Subsequent investigations have shown that the
bridge distress is related to unexpectedly large
settlement of the eastern approach embankment.
Recent ground investigations prompted by a proposed
widening of the river crossing have produced many new
data on the alluvial deposits underlying the site, and
explain why embankment settlement was so much larger
than originally anticipated. Comparison of the
geotechnical parameters obtained from the original and
more recent ground investigations suggests that the
original investigation significantly underestimated the
thickness of an alluvial clay layer underlying the site, and
that its coefficient of consolidation was overestimated.
Settlement analyses using geotechnical data from the
original ground investigations predict moderate
embankment settlements occurring principally during
construction. Settlement analyses based on all the
available data predict far larger embankment
settlements occurring over extended time periods. The
latter analyses predict an embankment settlement
similar to that observed and of sufficient magnitude to
cause the observed lateral displacement of the bridge
due to lateral loading of its piled foundation
Simulating chemistry efficiently on fault-tolerant quantum computers
Quantum computers can in principle simulate quantum physics exponentially
faster than their classical counterparts, but some technical hurdles remain.
Here we consider methods to make proposed chemical simulation algorithms
computationally fast on fault-tolerant quantum computers in the circuit model.
Fault tolerance constrains the choice of available gates, so that arbitrary
gates required for a simulation algorithm must be constructed from sequences of
fundamental operations. We examine techniques for constructing arbitrary gates
which perform substantially faster than circuits based on the conventional
Solovay-Kitaev algorithm [C.M. Dawson and M.A. Nielsen, \emph{Quantum Inf.
Comput.}, \textbf{6}:81, 2006]. For a given approximation error ,
arbitrary single-qubit gates can be produced fault-tolerantly and using a
limited set of gates in time which is or ; with sufficient parallel preparation of ancillas, constant average
depth is possible using a method we call programmable ancilla rotations.
Moreover, we construct and analyze efficient implementations of first- and
second-quantized simulation algorithms using the fault-tolerant arbitrary gates
and other techniques, such as implementing various subroutines in constant
time. A specific example we analyze is the ground-state energy calculation for
Lithium hydride.Comment: 33 pages, 18 figure
Regression Discontinuity Designs with Clustered Data
Regression discontinuity designs have become popular in empirical studies due to their attractive properties for estimating causal effects under transparent assumptions. Nonetheless, most popular procedures assume i.i.d. data, which is unreasonable in many common applications. To fill this gap, we derive the properties of traditional local polynomial estimators in a fixed- setting that allows for cluster dependence in the error term. Simulation results demonstrate that accounting for clustering in the data while selecting bandwidths may lead to lower MSE while maintaining proper coverage. We then apply our cluster-robust procedure to an application examining the impact of Low-Income Housing Tax Credits on neighborhood characteristics and low-income housing supply
Low thrust propulsion in a coplanar circular restricted four body problem
This paper formulates a circular restricted four body problem (CRFBP), where the three primaries are set in the stable Lagrangian equilateral triangle configuration and the fourth body is massless. The analysis of this autonomous coplanar CRFBP is undertaken, which identies eight natural equilibria; four of which are close to the smaller body, two stable and two unstable, when considering the primaries to be the Sun and two smaller bodies of the solar system. Following this, the model incorporates `near term' low-thrust propulsion capabilities to generate surfaces of articial equilibrium points close to the smaller primary, both in and out of the plane containing the celestial bodies. A stability analysis of these points is carried out and a stable subset of them is identied. Throughout the analysis the Sun-Jupiter-Asteroid-Spacecraft system is used, for conceivable masses of a hypothetical asteroid set at the libration point L4. It is shown that eight bounded orbits exist, which can be maintained with a constant thrust less than 1:5 10􀀀4N for a 1000kg spacecraft. This illustrates that, by exploiting low-thrust technologies, it would be possible to maintain an observation point more than 66% closer to the asteroid than that of a stable natural equilibrium point. The analysis then focusses on a major Jupiter Trojan: the 624-Hektor asteroid. The thrust required to enable close asteroid observation is determined in the simplied CRFBP model. Finally, a numerical simulation of the real Sun-Jupiter-624 Hektor-Spacecraft is undertaken, which tests the validity of the stability analysis of the simplied model
SOLPS-ITER analysis of a proposed STEP double null geometry : Impact of the degree of disconnection on power-sharing
To mitigate the issue of plasma exhaust in reactor scale tight aspect ratio tokamaks such as Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production (STEP), a double-null (DN) configuration is thought to be advantageous over a single-null (SN) configuration. However, practical control of the plasma vertical stability will likely lead to an oscillation around the symmetry point, which may lead to transient loading of the divertors. In this work we investigated the impact of disconnection of the two separatrices δRsep on the power-sharing between the divertors in disconnected-double-null configurations for the initial iteration of STEP design using the SOLPS-ITER code without drifts. The power fraction to the primary divertor increased with δRsep, reaching 1/495% at the highest δRsep which is representative of SN. The total power fraction to the inner divertors (upper + lower), however, did not show an increase with δRsep for δRsep/λq
Periodic orbits in the restricted three-body problem and Arnold's -invariant
We apply Arnold's theory of generic smooth plane curves to Stark-Zeeman
systems. This is a class of Hamiltonian dynamical systems that describes the
dynamics of an electron in an external electric and magnetic field, and
includes many systems from celestial mechanics. Based on Arnold's
-invariant, we introduce invariants of periodic orbits in planar
Stark-Zeeman systems and study their behaviour.Comment: 36 Pages, 16 Figure
Distribution and abundance of freshwater decapods in an Atlantic rainforest catchment with a dammed future
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