An "in situ" study of study of quenched Ti-Al system samples during heating

The study of the Ti-Al system samples containing up to 10 wt.% Al water quenched from different temperatures in β-phase region, was carried out in situ during heating on X-ray diffractometer. XRD analysis of quenched samples showed the presence of α'-martensite only. After quenching the increase of Al content in alloys displayed the decrease of the lattice parameters «a» and «c» and the rise of «c/a» ratio, since the lattice parameter «c» dropped slightly in contrast with the lattice parameter «a». Furthermore, Thermo-XRD (T-XRD) analysis represented the anisotropy of the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). Besides, T-XRD analysis indicated, that «c/a» ratio of samples Ti-0.5 wt.% Al with the least amount of Al revealed the fall of «c/a» ratio and at the same time samples contained 7 and 8 wt.% Al remained practically the same during heating. Whereas, samples Ti-10 wt.% Al with the largest quantity of Al showed the rise of c/a ratio during heating. © 2019 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved

Texture and structure formation of low-carbon low-alloy pipe steel after TMCP and heat treatment

The structure and texture of low-carbon low-alloy pipe steel after Thermo-Mechanical Controlled Processing (TMCP) and subsequent isothermal quenching were studied by the method of Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) analysis. The texture, obtained after TMCP, was formed mainly by two strong scattered orientations from {112} and two weaker scattered orientations from {110} and one weak orientation (001)[110]. Complex multicomponent textures were observed after heat treatment. The regions with "ferrite" and martensitic structures were identified and analyzed using Oxford Instruments HKL software. Orientations, constituting textures for both selected areas types, are associated with the basic orientations of the initial deformed austenite grains, formed during the hot deformation by orientation relationships (OR), transitory between Kurdjumov-Sachs OR and Nishiyami-Wasserman OR. © 2019 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved

CHANGING OF THE ORTHORHOMBIC MARTENSITE LATTICE PARAMETER IN TITANIUM ALLOY VT23

Материалом исследования служил титановый сплав ВТ23. Образцы, закаленные от различных температур диапазона Ткр Тпп, нагревались «in sity» в рентгеновском дифрактометре. Определены характеристики анизотропии термического расширения решетки орторомбического мартенсита. Установлено аномальное поведение периода «b», который показал отрицательные значения коэффициента термического расширения.The material of the studying was VT23 titanium alloy. Samples were quenched from a different temperatures between critical and polymorphic transformation temperatures and «in sity» heated in X-ray diffractometer. The characteristics of the anisotropy of orthorhombic martensite were obtained. Abnormal behavior of "b" period which showed a negative value of the coefficient of thermal expansion was found.Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке гранта РФФИ № 15-08-08299 А и гранта Президента России № МК-6311.2016.8

Well-being through learning: a systematic review of learning interventions in the workplace and their impact on well-being

The view that learning is central to well-being is widely held and the workplace is an important setting in which learning takes place. Evaluations of the effectiveness of well-being interventions in work settings are commonplace, but to date, there has been no systematic review of the effectiveness of learning interventions with regard to their impact on well-being. The review synthesizes evidence from 41 intervention studies, and although no studies report a negative impact on well-being, 14 show no effect on well-being, with 27 studies having a positive impact. We classify the studies according to the primary purpose of the learning intervention: to develop personal resources for well-being through learning; to develop professional capabilities through learning; to develop leadership skills through learning; and to improve organizational effectiveness through organizational-level learning. Although there is an abundance of workplace learning interventions, few are evaluated from a well-being perspective despite the commonly held assumption that learning yields positive emotional and psychological outcomes. The evidence indicates an important gap in our evaluation of and design of workplace learning interventions and their impact on well-being, beyond those focusing on personal resources. This raises important theoretical and practical challenges concerning the relationship between learning and well-being in the context of professional capability enhancement, leadership capability and organizational learning

Job design, employment practices and well-being: a systematic review of intervention studies

There is inconsistent evidence that deliberate attempts to improve job design realise improvements in well-being. We investigated the role of other employment practices, either as instruments for job redesign or as instruments that augment job redesign. Our primary outcome was well-being. Where studies also assessed performance, we considered performance as an outcome. We reviewed 33 intervention studies. We found that well-being and performance may be improved by: training workers to improve their own jobs; training coupled with job redesign; and system wide approaches that simultaneously enhance job design and a range of other employment practices. We found insufficient evidence to make any firm conclusions concerning the effects of training managers in job redesign and that participatory approaches to improving job design have mixed effects. Successful implementation of interventions was associated with worker involvement and engagement with interventions, managerial commitment to interventions and integration of interventions with other organisational systems. Practitioner Summary: Improvements in well-being and performance may be associated with system-wide approaches that simultaneously enhance job design, introduce a range of other employment practices and focus on worker welfare. Training may have a role in initiating job redesign or augmenting the effects of job design on well-being

Принципы и опыт применения роботизированных реабилитационных технологий у пациентов после инсульта

This literature review is devoted to the study of recent advances in the field of neurorehabilitation using robotic technologies. Objective: to study best practices of applying robotic rehabilitation technologies in stroke patients, its clinical efficacy and influence on the molecular mechanisms of neuroplasticity. Keywords were searched in the Web of Science, Core Collection, Scopus and PubMed databases. Results. Robotic neurorehabilitation occupies a certain place in the comprehensive rehabilitation of patients with motor deficiency after stroke. An interdisciplinary patient-oriented approach and consistency at all stages of medical rehabilitation are especially important when using rehabilitation methods that implement advances in robotics and information technologies in patients after stroke. Rehabilitation with the use of high-tech computerized rehabilitation systems operating in the biofeedback mode is one of the promising areas and requires further neurophysiological and laboratory studies to create scientifically based methodological approaches. It will have great social significance and tangible economic effects from improving the quality of neurorehabilitation and reducing its duration.Обзор литературы посвящен изучению последних достижений в области нейрореабилитации с использованием роботизированных технологий. Цель – изучить опыт применения, клиническую эффективность и влияние на молекулярные механизмы нейропластичности роботизированных реабилитационных технологий у пациентов с острыми нарушениями мозгового кровообращения. Осуществлялся поиск по ключевым словам в базах данных Web of Science, Core Collection, Scopus, Pubmed по зарубежным журналам. Роботизированная нейрореабилитация занимает определенное место в комплексной реабилитации больных с моторным дефицитом после острых нарушений мозгового кровообращения. Особенно важными в использовании реабилитационных методов, имплементирующих передовые достижения робототехники и информационных технологий, являются междисциплинарный пациент-ориентированный подход и преемственность на всех этапах лечебно-восстановительного лечения больных после инсульта. Реабилитация с применением высокотехнологичных компьютеризированных реабилитационных комплексов, работающих в режиме биологической обратной связи, является одним из перспективных направлений и требует дальнейшего проведения нейрофизиологических и лабораторных исследований для создания научно обоснованных методических подходов, что позволит добиться ощутимого экономического эффекта от повышения качества нейрореабилитации, уменьшения времени на ее проведение и будет иметь огромную социальную значимость

Economic research in Sochi State University: trends, schools and prospects

The article analyses economic research in Sochi State University in last decade. Special attention is attached to major schools and trends