21 research outputs found
Constitutional negotiations in federal reforms: interests, interaction orientation, and the prospect of agreement
Constitutional amendments in federal political systems have to be negotiated between national and sub-national actors. While theories of negotiation usually explain the outcome by looking at these actors, their preferences and bargaining powers, the theoretical model developed in this article also includes their interaction orientation. The article determines a typical sequence of bargaining and arguing and identifies favourable conditions for cooperation based on different interaction orientations. The article states that actors can reconcile the conflicting logics of intergovernmental or party competition and joint decision-making in constitutional politics through a sequence of bargaining and arguing. However, constitutional amendments negotiated in this way run the risk of undermining the legitimacy and functionality of constitutions
Serum leptin concentration in obese patients with binge eating disorder.
BACKGROUND: In steady-state conditions serum leptin concentration is directly
related to body fat stores, but is also affected by changes in energy balance.
This cross-sectional study investigated the serum leptin concentrations of
severely obese patients with binge eating disorder (BED), in whom body fat was
greater than normal and, because of eating pattern, rapid and repeated changes in
energy balances took place.
METHODS: A group of BED obese patients was compared to a group of obese patients
with a regular eating pattern with the same body weight, body composition and
resting energy expenditure. Serum leptin was measured and the eating attitudes
were evaluated by Eating Inventory and Eating Disorder Inventory.
RESULTS: In these patients serum leptin concentrations were only weakly
correlated to body mass. Furthermore, in BED obese patients serum leptin
concentration was higher than in their non binging counterparts.
CONCLUSIONS: In obese patients both body fat size and eating behavior influence
serum leptin concentration, but BED patients binge eating is not triggered by a
low leptin value
Relationship between dietary restraint, binge eating, and leptin in obese women
To describe some biological, behavioural and psychological correlates of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire, and to determine the relationship between dietary restraint, binge eating, and leptin among obese women seeking treatment