IL-33 stimulates expression of the GPR84 (EX33) fatty acid receptor gene and of cytokine and chemokine genes in human adipocytes

Expression of GPCR fatty acid sensor/receptor genes in adipocytes is modulated by inflammatory mediators, particularly IL-1β. In this study we examined whether the IL-1 gene superfamily member, IL-33, also regulates expression of the fatty acid receptor genes in adipocytes. Human fat cells, differentiated from preadipocytes, were incubated with IL-33 at three different dose levels for 3 or 24 h and mRNA measured by qPCR. Treatment with IL-33 induced a dose-dependent increase in GPR84 mRNA at 3 h, the level with the highest dose being 13.7-fold greater than in controls. Stimulation of GPR84 expression was transitory; the mRNA level was not elevated at 24 h. In contrast to GPR84, IL-33 had no effect on GPR120 expression. IL-33 markedly stimulated expression of the IL1B, CCL2, IL6, CXCL2 and CSF3 genes, but there was no effect on ADIPOQ expression. The largest effect was on CSF3, the mRNA level of which increased 183-fold over controls at 3 h with the highest dose of IL-33; there was a parallel increase in the secretion of G-CSF protein into the medium. It is concluded that in human adipocytes IL-33, which is synthesised in adipose tissue, has a strong stimulatory effect on the expression of cytokine and chemokine genes, particularly CSF3, and on the expression of GPR84, a pro-inflammatory fatty acid receptor

Influence of Perceived Powerlessness, Narcissism, and Self-Esteem on Indirect Aggression among Thai Hotel Workers: A Path Analytic Model

Abstract:This study examined perceived powerlessness and narcissism as predictors and self-esteem as mediator in the frequency of the use of indirect aggression among Thai female and male workers in the hotel industry. The participants obtained through purposive sampling consisted of 78 men and 131 women aged between 19 and 50 years who have worked for 6 to 288 months in their respective hotels in Thailand. The current study utilized a quantitative correlation design. Multiple Regression and MANOVA were employed to analyze the results. The results showed that the male respondents reported higher engagement of indirect aggression techniques of malicious humor, social exclusionary behavior, and guilt induction than their female counterparts, respectively. No significant gender differences for the factors of relational control, fear of negative evaluation, narcissistic personality, and self-esteem were found. Furthermore it was revealed that narcissistic personality has both direct and indirect influences on the use of indirect aggression. In terms of direct influence, it was revealed that the more narcissistic the participants’ personality, the more they would employ indirect aggressive techniques. With regard to indirect influence, the more narcissistic the participants’ personality, the higher their reported level of self-esteem and the less they would employ indirect aggressive techniques. The results also showed that for the participants, their fear of negative evaluation has an indirect influence on their use of indirect aggressive techniques such that the higher their fear of negative evaluation, the lower their reported level of self-esteem and the more they would use indirect aggressive techniques. The factor of relational control was not found to be significantly related to any of the indirect aggression criterion variables

Influence of Parenting Styles on Self-Regulated Learning Behavior Mediated By Self-Efficacy and Intrinsic Value

The main objective of the current study was to investigate the direct and indirect influences of parenting styles on self-regulated learning behavior, being mediated by self-efficacy and intrinsic value. In order to meet this objective, a quantitative study with correlational research design via path analysis was utilized to establish statistical associations between the core variables. The participants of the study consisted of 206 male and female high school students from a selected international school in Bangkok, Thailand. The Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ) was employed as the research instrument to test parenting styles while the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) was the research instrument chosen to measure intrinsic value, self-efficacy, and self-regulation. The results revealed the following major findings: (1) authoritative parenting style had a significant direct influence on self-regulated learning behavior; (2) permissive and authoritarian parenting styles did not have a significant direct influence on self-regulated learning behavior; (3) authoritative parenting has a significant indirect influence on self-regulated learning, being mediated by self-efficacy and intrinsic value; (4) permissive and authoritarian parenting styles did not have a significant indirect influence on self-regulated learning, being mediated by self-efficacy; (5) permissive parenting style did not have a significant indirect influence on self-regulated learning behavior, being mediated by intrinsic value; and (6) authoritarian parenting has a significant indirect influence on self-regulated learning behavior, being mediated by intrinsic value

A review article on the managements of Arshas (haemorrhoids)

A haemorrhoid is the most common affecting up to one quarter of all adults according to some estimates. Numerous interventions exist for their management, ranging from topical and medical therapies to outpatient treatments and surgical interventions that aim to fix or excise. The word Arsha is self-explanatory, indicating that the disease troubles a person like an enemy. Arshas can be corelated to haemorrhoids in modern science. Arshas is clinically an engorged condition of haemorrhoidal venous plexus characterized by prolapsed mass per anum, bleeding per anum mainly. In contemporary science there are treatments for haemorrhoids like sclerotherapy, banding, laser ablation, lifestyle modifications, surgical procedures like haemorrhoidectomy and other invasive technique. In Ayurvedic tests Chaturvidha Chikitsa is said, such as Bheshaja (medicinal), Kshara Karma (caustic treatment), Agni Karma (thermal hear burn) and Shastra Karma (surgery). In this review article, treatments from modern as well as Ayurvedic texts are documented so that proctologists around the world get a better understanding about the disease and its exact treatment modalities in both the sciences

Hairy root induction from hypocotyl segments of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Hairy roots were induced from hypocotyl explants excised from seven day old aseptically grown seedlings of groundnut using Agrobacterium rhizogenes 15834. The percentage of hairy root induction and number of hairy roots per ex-plant varied with infection period. The suitable co-cultivation period was 48 h. The hairy roots were fast growing, thin, slender and sometimes having branches which varied in their morphological nature. The cefotaxime concentration of 250 mgL-1 was found to be most suitable for hairy root induction in groundnut

Expression of Vegf in Endometrial Hyperplasia with and Without Atypia And Endometrioid Endometrial Carcinoma and Its Association With Clinicopathological Parameters.

INTRODUCTION: Endometrial carcinoma accounts for the second most common malignancy in women globally. The main risk factor being unopposed estrogen can cause the progression of endometrial hyperplasia to endometrial carcinoma. One of the important mechanisms behind the progression of cancer is angiogenesis. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is one of major proangiogenic growth factor which is directed to assess the biological behavior of endometrial cancer and thereby using as an excellent targeted antiangiogenic therapy. AIM: To study the expression of VEGF in normal endometrium, endometrial hyperplasia (EH) and Endometrioid Endometrial Carcinoma (EEC) by immunohistochemistry and to evaluate its association with clinicopathological parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted in the Department of Pathology in a tertiary medical college, Kanchipuram, Chennai, India from November 2022- November 2023(13 months) constituting 30 patients who underwent hysterectomy. Histopathological diagnosis was obtained along with the grade and stage of cancer and immunohistochemical evaluation was done on the representative sections using VEGF antibody. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software version 27.0 RESULTS: Out of 30 cases, 3 cases were diagnosed as normal proliferative endometrium, 6 cases as EH without atypia, 5 cases as EH with atypia and 16 cases as EEC. Among 16 EEC cases, grade 1, 2 and 3 comprised 5,6 and 5 cases respectively. Strong VEGF positivity was observed in EEC (30%) compared to mild positivity in atypical EH (13.33%) and EH without atypia (10%) and 6% of normal proliferative endometrium showed negative expression thereby showing significant statistical association(p-value<0.002). Also, VEGF expression was significantly increased in grade 3 (31.25%) and grade 2(25%) cases in comparison to mild positivity in grade 1 cases (31.25%) demonstrating significant statistical association between VEGF scoring and grading of EEC. CONCLUSION: VEGF expression was significantly increased in high grade of EEC and can be used to differentiate endometrial carcinoma from its precursor lesions. DOI: https://doi.org/10.52783/jchr.v14.i3.489

DESIGN AND INVITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF METFORMIN LOADED RESEALED ERYTHROCYTES

Objective: Metformin is an oral antidiabetic drug in the biguanide class. It is the first-line drug of choice for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Theobjective of this study was to retard the release of metformin using carrier erythrocyte for getting a parenteral slow release depot formulation.Methods: The study retards the release of metformin by encapsulating in carrier erythrocyte. Endocytosis is the method used for the encapsulationof the drug metformin.Results: The optimized formulation shows 98.34% of drug release within 12 days. From the in vitro release data, zero order kinetic graph shows thebest fit graph. % cell recovered was found to be 73-78% and it suggests that the loading technique was less destructive.Conclusion: The optimized formulation is a perfect carrier for the parenteral slow release depot of metformin.Keywords: Resealed erythrocytes, Cross-linking, Cell recovery, Endocytosis, Slow release depot formulation