Eliminating the Hubble Tension in the Presence of the Interconnection between Dark Energy and Matter in the Modern Universe

It is accepted in modern cosmology that the scalar field responsible for the inflationary stage of the early Universe is completely transformed into matter. It is assumed that the accelerated expansion is currently driven by dark energy (DE), which is likely determined by Einstein's cosmological constant. We consider a cosmological model where DE can have two components, one of which is Einstein's constant ($\Lambda$) and the other, smaller variable component DEV ($\Lambda_V$), is associated with the remnant of the scalar field that caused inflation after the main part of the scalar field has turned into matter. It is assumed that such a transformation continues at the present time and is accompanied by the reverse process of the DM transformation into a scalar field. The interconnection between DM and DEV, which leads to a linear relationship between the energy densities of these components after recombination $\rho_{DM}=\alpha\;\rho_{DEV}$, is considered. Variants with a dependence of the coefficient $\alpha(z)$ on the redshift are also considered. One of the problems that have arisen in modern cosmology, called Hubble Tension (HT), is the discrepancy between the present values of the Hubble constant measured from observations at small redshifts $z\lesssim1$ and the values found from fluctuations of the cosmic microwave background at large redshifts $z\approx1100$. In the considered model, this discrepancy can be explained by the deviation of the real cosmological model from the conventional cold dark matter (CDM) model of the Universe by action of the additional DE component at the stages after recombination. Within this extended model, we consider various $\alpha(z)$ functions that can eliminate the HT. To maintain the ratio of DEV and DM energy densities close to constant over the interval $0\le z\le1100$, we assume the existence of a wide spectrum of DM particle masses

An Algebraic Model for the Multiple Meixner Polynomials of the First Kind

An interpretation of the multiple Meixner polynomials of the first kind is provided through an infinite Lie algebra realized in terms of the creation and annihilation operators of a set of independent oscillators. The model is used to derive properties of these orthogonal polynomials

METHODS FOR MANAGING INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND ECOMMERCE RESOURCES: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Objective: The study aims at classifying and supplementing general and special methods for managing intangible assets and eCommerce resources. The present stage of management science is characterized by an insufficient number and incomplete nature of the existing studies on the structure of methods for managing intangible assets and eCommerce resources, which is mainly due to the relative novelty of the Internet environment and its management. The challenge of solving this issue is the intangibility of the management object under study (intangible assets and resources) and the intangibility of the management environment (Internet environment), which makes management in such conditions more difficult. Methods: When preparing this article, we used qualitative research methods, including grouping sets of homogeneous management methods, systematizing such methods according to homogeneous features, comparing different methods with each other, and generalizing the obtained groups of methods to draw conclusions and recommendations. When grouping methods for managing intangible assets and eCommerce resources, we took the classification according to a functional attribute as the basis. Results: As a result of the study, the authors have revealed that the management of intangible assets and eCommerce resources requires the full range of general management methods (planning, organizational, evaluation, accounting, analytical, motivational, control, and coordination methods), special methods for managing intangible assets and resources (identification, visualization, and security methods), as well as specific methods for managing intangible assets and resources in the Internet environment (online methods). Conclusion: Based on the study results, it has been concluded that online management methods are most actively developing in the modern market, and in the near future the importance of these methods will increase. The novelty of the study is to determine the presence and composition of previously unexplored groups of management methods applied to intangible assets and eCommerce resources

Multipoint Schur algorithm and orthogonal rational functions: convergence properties, I

Classical Schur analysis is intimately connected to the theory of orthogonal polynomials on the circle [Simon, 2005]. We investigate here the connection between multipoint Schur analysis and orthogonal rational functions. Specifically, we study the convergence of the Wall rational functions via the development of a rational analogue to the Szeg\H o theory, in the case where the interpolation points may accumulate on the unit circle. This leads us to generalize results from [Khrushchev,2001], [Bultheel et al., 1999], and yields asymptotics of a novel type.Comment: a preliminary version, 39 pages; some changes in the Introduction, Section 5 (Szeg\H o type asymptotics) is extende

A blue-purple pigment-producing bacterium isolated from the Vezelka river in the city of Belgorod

The purpose of the present work was to study the properties of a newly isolated bacterium capable of synthesizing blue-purple pigment. An aboriginal bacterium was isolated from the coastal zone of the Vezelka River in the city of Belgorod. Based on chemical and spectrophotometric studies of the crude ethanol extract, the pigment was identified as violacein, and the isolate was assigned to the group of violacein-forming bacteria, which includes bacteria of the genera Chromobacterium, Iodobacter, Janthinobacterium, Duganella, Collimonas, and Massili

Оценка влияния гидродинамической кавитационной обработки темных нефтепродуктов на выход фракций, выкипающих до 400 °С

Objectives. The reduction of the anthropogenic burden on the environment is generally associated with the transition to alternative energy sources. However, some of these have only regional significance, while the effectiveness of others remains doubtful. On this point, innovative processes aimed at increasing the depth of oil refining may be equally important for reducing the carbon footprint. Wave-based technologies such as cavitation may also be included in these processes. Among the various methods for inducing such cavitation phenomena in oil refining, hydrodynamic approaches are especially promising. It has been shown that the treatment effectiveness increases with greater pressure or when augmenting the number of cavitation processing cycles. The aim of this work is to identify the factor (i.e., pressure gradient or number of treatment cycles) having the greatest influence on the change of the characteristics of the oil product.Methods. Cavitation phenomena were created by pumping dark oil products through a diffuser. The pressure gradient ranged from 20 to 50 MPa, while the number of cavitation processing cycles varied from 1 to 10. The influence of cavitation conditions on the change of fractional composition of petroleum products was analyzed. Target fractions are those having a boiling point up to 400°C.Results. It is shown that increased pressure generated in the diffuser leads to a linear increase in the yield of desired cuts. The dependence of the yield of these fractions on the number of processing cycles is described by the growth model with saturation. A proposed equation describes the influence of pressure and number of cycles on the yield of the fractions from initial boiling point temperature (TIBP) to 400°C following cavitation processing of dark oil products. Some of the coefficients of this equation have been associated with the physicochemical characteristics of the feedstock.Conclusions. An equation for predicting the maximum possible yield of the TJBP-400°C fraction as a result of cavitation processing under different conditions of the process is proposed according to the physicochemical characteristics of the feedstock. The prediction error did not exceed 12%. The equation analysis and comparison of energy consumption between different process regimes shows that a higher yield of the target product is achieved by increasing pressure gradient rather than the number of processing cycles.Цели. Снижение антропогенной нагрузки человечества на окружающую среду связывают с использованием альтернативных источников энергии. Однако часть из них имеет только региональное значение, а эффективность других дискуссионна. Для сокращения углеродного следа не меньший интерес представляют инновационные процессы, направленные на увеличение глубины переработки нефти. К числу таких процессов можно отнести и волновые технологии, частным случаем которых является кавитация. Кавитационные явления для нефтепереработки создают различными методами, наиболее перспективным из которых считаются гидродинамические. Установлено, что эффективность воздействия возрастает как при повышении давления при прокачке нефтепродукта, так и при увеличении количества актов воздействия. Цель данной работы - какой из двух факторов - градиент давлений или количество циклов воздействия - оказывает большее влияние на изменение характеристик нефтепродукта.Методы. Явление кавитации создавали, прокачивая темные нефтепродукты через диффузор. Давление варьировалось от 20 до 50 МПа, а количество актов воздействия - от 1 до 10. Анализировалось влияние условий кавитации на изменение фракционного состава нефтепродуктов. В качестве целевых рассматривались фракции, выкипающие до 400 °C.Результаты. Показано, что выход целевых фракций линейно увеличивается при повышении давления, возникающего в диффузоре. Зависимость выхода этих фракций от количества циклов обработки описывается моделью роста с насыщением. Предложено уравнение, описывающее влияние давления и количества циклов на выход фракции от температуры начала кипения (ТНК) до 400 °С после кавитационной обработки темных нефтепродуктов. Установлена связь некоторых из коэффициентов этого уравнения с физико-химическими характеристиками исходного сырья.Выводы. Предложено уравнение, позволяющее по физико-химическим характеристикам исходного сырья предсказать максимально возможный выход фракции ТНК-400 °С в результате кавитационной обработки при различных условиях ведения процесса. Ошибка прогнозирования не превышает 12%. Анализ полученного уравнения и сопоставление энергозатрат при различных режимах ведения процесса показывают, что больший выход целевого продукта достигается в результате увеличения давления, а не числа циклов обработки

Evolution of the Greater Caucasus Basement and Formation of the Main Caucasus Thrust, Georgia

Along the northern margin of the Arabia‐Eurasia collision zone in the western Greater Caucasus, the Main Caucasus Thrust (MCT) juxtaposes Paleozoic crystalline basement to the north against Mesozoic metasedimentary and volcaniclastic rocks to the south. The MCT is commonly assumed to be the trace of an active plate‐boundary scale structure that accommodates Arabia‐Eurasia convergence, but field data supporting this interpretation are equivocal. Here we investigate the deformation history of the rocks juxtaposed across the MCT in Georgia using field observations, microstructural analysis, U‐Pb and 40Ar/39Ar geochronology, and 40Ar/39Ar and (U‐Th)/He thermochronology. Zircon U‐Pb analyses show that Greater Caucasus crystalline rocks formed in the Early Paleozoic on the margin of Gondwana. Low‐pressure/temperature amphibolite‐facies metamorphism of these metasedimentary rocks and associated plutonism likely took place during Carboniferous accretion onto the Laurussian margin, as indicated by igneous and metamorphic zircon U‐Pb ages of ~330–310 Ma. 40Ar/39Ar ages of ~190–135 Ma from muscovite in a greenschist‐facies shear zone indicate that the MCT likely developed during Mesozoic inversion and/or rifting of the Caucasus Basin. A Mesozoic 40Ar/39Ar biotite age with release spectra indicating partial resetting and Cenozoic (<40 Ma) apatite and zircon (U‐Th)/He ages imply at least ~5–8 km of Greater Caucasus basement exhumation since ~10 Ma in response to Arabia‐Eurasia collision. Cenozoic reactivation of the MCT may have accommodated a fraction of this exhumation. However, Cenozoic zircon (U‐Th)/He ages in both the hanging wall and footwall of the MCT require partitioning a substantial component of this deformation onto structures to the south.Plain Language SummaryCollisions between continents cause deformation of the Earth’s crust and the uplift of large mountain ranges like the Himalayas. Large faults often form to accommodate this deformation and may help bring rocks once buried at great depths up to the surface of the Earth. The Greater Caucasus Mountains form the northernmost part of a zone of deformation due to the ongoing collision between the Arabian and Eurasian continents. The Main Caucasus Thrust (MCT) is a fault juxtaposing old igneous and metamorphic (crystalline) rocks against younger rocks that has often been assumed to be a major means of accommodating Arabia‐Eurasia collision. This study examines the history of rocks along the MCT with a combination of field work, study of microscopic deformation in rocks, and dating of rock formation and cooling. The crystalline rocks were added to the margins of present‐day Eurasia about 330–310 million years ago, and the MCT first formed about 190–135 million years ago. The MCT is likely at most one of many structures accommodating present‐day Arabia‐Eurasia collision.Key PointsAmphibolite‐facies metamorphism and plutonism in the Greater Caucasus basement took place ~330–310 MaThe Main Caucasus Thrust formed as a greenschist‐facies shear zone during Caucasus Basin inversion and/or rifting (~190–135 Ma)The Main Caucasus Thrust may have helped facilitate a portion of at least 5–8 km of basement exhumation during Arabia‐Eurasia collisionPeer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154626/1/tect21292-sup-0002-2019TC005828-ts01.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154626/2/tect21292-sup-0006-2019TC005828-ts05.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154626/3/tect21292_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154626/4/tect21292-sup-0003-2019TC005828-ts02.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154626/5/tect21292-sup-0005-2019TC005828-ts04.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154626/6/tect21292.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154626/7/tect21292-sup-0004-2019TC005828-ts03.pd

Assessment of the antifungal activity of the violacein-forming strain Janthinobacterium sp. B-3515 against the mould fungus Alternaria brassicicola F-1864

A study of antifungal properties of violacein-forming strain Janthinobacterium sp. B-3515 as well as its secondary metabolite, violacein, against Alternaria brassicicola F-1864 is presented. Regardless of the presence of bacteria, mycelium growth in the first two days proceeded at the same rate. The effect of the bacterial strain was manifested after the third day of incubation. In general, during co-culture, the bacterial strain statistically significantly reduced the average growth of the mycelium of the mould fungus by 10

Pade approximants for functions with branch points - strong asymptotics of Nuttall-Stahl polynomials

Let f be a germ of an analytic function at infinity that can be analytically continued along any path in the complex plane deprived of a finite set of points, f \in\mathcal{A}(\bar{\C} \setminus A), \sharp A <\infty. J. Nuttall has put forward the important relation between the maximal domain of f where the function has a single-valued branch and the domain of convergence of the diagonal Pade approximants for f. The Pade approximants, which are rational functions and thus single-valued, approximate a holomorphic branch of f in the domain of their convergence. At the same time most of their poles tend to the boundary of the domain of convergence and the support of their limiting distribution models the system of cuts that makes the function f single-valued. Nuttall has conjectured (and proved for many important special cases) that this system of cuts has minimal logarithmic capacity among all other systems converting the function f to a single-valued branch. Thus the domain of convergence corresponds to the maximal (in the sense of minimal boundary) domain of single-valued holomorphy for the analytic function f \in\mathcal{A}(\bar{\C} \setminus A). The complete proof of Nuttall's conjecture (even in a more general setting where the set A has logarithmic capacity zero) was obtained by H. Stahl. In this work, we derive strong asymptotics for the denominators of the diagonal Pade approximants for this problem in a rather general setting. We assume that A is a finite set of branch points of f which have the algebraic character and which are placed in a generic position. The last restriction means that we exclude from our consideration some degenerated "constellations" of the branch points.Comment: 47 pages, 8 figure

Ladder operators and differential equations for multiple orthogonal polynomials

In this paper, we obtain the ladder operators and associated compatibility conditions for the type I and the type II multiple orthogonal polynomials. These ladder equations extend known results for orthogonal polynomials and can be used to derive the differential equations satisfied by multiple orthogonal polynomials. Our approach is based on Riemann-Hilbert problems and the Christoffel-Darboux formula for multiple orthogonal polynomials, and the nearest-neighbor recurrence relations. As an illustration, we give several explicit examples involving multiple Hermite and Laguerre polynomials, and multiple orthogonal polynomials with exponential weights and cubic potentials.Comment: 28 page