First time occurrence of the flathead sillago, Sillaginopsis panijus in commercial landings at Chennai

Unusual landing of the flathead sillago Sillaginopsis panijus (Hamilton, 1822) was observed on 24th June 2010 at Kasimedu Fishing Harbour, Chennai. About 30 kg of S. panijus in the size range 280-360 mm (length) and 120-325 g (weight) was landed by trawl nets caught at a depth of 60-80 m. This is the first report on S. panijus at Chennai in commercial landings

Identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for late leaf spot disease resistance in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

TMV 2, a LLS susceptible genotype and the COG 0437, a LLS resistant genotype were crossed and their F2 population was used for marker analysis in the present investigation. The phenotypic mean data on F2: 3 progenies were used as phenotype. Seventy seven SSR markers were used for the parental polymorphism. Among SSR markers, nine markers were found polymorphic between the parents TMV 2 and COG 0437. Eight markers formed a linkage group and covered a distance of 37.2 cM with an average 4.65 cM at LOD 3.0. The composite interval mapping analysis resulted in two QTLs viz., each one for hundred kernel weight and LLS severity score with 6.1 and 37.9 R2 respectively. The nearest marker for QTLs of hundred kernel weight and LLS severity score were Ah 4–26 and PM 384 respectively. The markers PMc 588 (3.9 cM) and Ah 4–26 (4.3cM) are the flanking markers for PM 384 and hence these flanking markers can be used for marker assisted breeding for LLS resistance. The parent COG 0437 is the major contributor for both of these QTLs. Considering the phenotypic variation explained by these QTLs, identification of more effective QTLs for hundred kernel weight is required to utilise in the marker assisted breeding programme. However the LLS QTL has 37.9 per cent of phenotypic variation explained and hence can be effectively utilised in marker assisted breeding programme. By using these QTLs, plant breeders can effectively monitor the flow of inheritance of the resistance characters along with desirable phenotypic traits

SSR markers associated for late leaf spot disease resistance by bulked segregant analysis in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Late leaf spot (LLS) caused by Phaeoisariopsis personata is the major foliar disease that reduces the pod yield and severely affects the fodder and seed quality in groundnut. Molecular markers linked with LLS can improve the process of identification of resistant genotypes. In the present study, a LLS susceptible genotype (TMV 2) and the LLS resistant genotype (COG 0437) were crossed and their F2 population was used for marker analysis. The phenotypic mean data on F2:3 progenies were used as phenotype. Parents were surveyed with 77 SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat) primers to identify polymorphic markers. Among SSR markers, nine primers were found polymorphic between the parents TMV 2 and COG 0437. These markers were utilized for bulked segregant analysis (BSA). Among the polymorphic SSR markers, three primers viz., PM 375162, pPGPseq5D5220 and PM 384100 were able to distinguish the resistant and susceptible bulks and individuals for LLS. In single marker analysis, the markers PM 375, PM 384, pPGPseq5D5, PM 137, PM 3, PMc 588 and Ah 4-26 were linked with LLS severity score. The phenotypic variation explained by these markers ranged from 32 to 59 %. The markers identified through BSA were also confirmed with single marker analysis. While validating the three primers over a set of resistant and susceptible genotypes, the primer PM 384100 allele had association with resistance. Hence PM 384 could be utilized in the marker assisted breeding programme over a wide range of genetic background

Beyond the Small-Angle Approximation For MBR Anisotropy from Seeds

In this paper we give a general expression for the energy shift of massless particles travelling through the gravitational field of an arbitrary matter distribution as calculated in the weak field limit in an asymptotically flat space-time. It is {\it not} assumed that matter is non-relativistic. We demonstrate the surprising result that if the matter is illuminated by a uniform brightness background that the brightness pattern observed at a given point in space-time (modulo a term dependent on the oberver's velocity) depends only on the matter distribution on the observer's past light-cone. These results apply directly to the cosmological MBR anisotropy pattern generated in the immediate vicinity of of an object like a cosmic string or global texture. We apply these results to cosmic strings, finding a correction to previously published results for in the small-angle approximation. We also derive the full-sky anisotropy pattern of a collapsing texture knot.Comment: 23 pages, FERMILAB-Pub-94/047-

Observations on spawning activity of green mussel Perna viridis in relation to surface water temperature in Pulicat Lake and Ennore backwaters

A deformed specimen of Narrow barred Spanish mackerel, Scomberomorus commerson (Lacepède, 1800) was observed at Aligadda beach, Karwar on 15th September 2013. It was caught off Karwar by gillnet (beedu bale) operated at around 30 m dept

2,4,6,8-Tetra­kis(4-fluoro­phen­yl)-3,7-diaza­bicyclo­[3.3.1]nonan-9-one

In the title compound, C31H24F4N2O, the bicyclo­[3.3.1]nonane ring exists in a chair-boat conformation. Two of the four fluorine-substituted rings adopt equatorial dispositions with the piperidin-4-one rings. Mol­ecules are linked into a two-dimensional network parallel to (01) by N—H⋯O, C—H⋯F and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. Inter­molecular N—H⋯π and C—H⋯π inter­actions are also observed

Stock assessment of Indian squid, Uroteuthis (Photololigo) duvaucelii (d'Orbigny [in Férussac & d'Orbigny], 1835) from south-western Bay of Bengal

Stock assessment of the Indian squid Uroteuthis (Photololigo) duvaucelii off north Tamil Nadu coast from commercial trawl landings was studied during the period 2012-2016. The species is mainly caught by trawl net and the annual average landing of the species was 563.3 t contributing to 2 % to the total trawl landing along north Tamil Nadu coast. L∞, K and t0 were estimated as 260 mm, 0.84 yr-1 and -0.105 yr, respectively. Total mortality rate (Z), Natural mortality rate (M), and Fishing mortality rate (F) were 4.43 yr-1, 1.67 yr-1 and 2.78 yr-1, respectively. tmax was estimated to be 3.47 yr. The length atfirst capture (Lc50 = 62 mm) estimated by Length converted catch curve method was found to be lower than Length at first maturity (Lm50 = 80 mm). Furthermore, Ecurr (current exploitation rate) was found be on higher side than the Emax (0.48) and E0.1 (0.40) which indicates that the fishery is in overexploited stage. Thompson and Bell prediction model showed that a marginal decrease (20 %) in current level of exploitation would help in regeneration of stock for long term sustainability of the resources as well as in achieving maximized economic return

Migrating foreign body into the common carotid artery and internal jugular vein

Ingested foreign bodies are a fairly common otorhinolaryngological emergencies encountered in Malaysia. The vast majority of these foreign bodies are fish bones which most commonly are impacted at the level of the cricopharynx. Rarely, however, a foreign body may migrate extraluminally and may even extrude subcutaneously. We report a rare occurrence where a fish bone not only migrated extraluminally, it was found to have migrated into the common carotid artery and the internal jugular vein and required surgical removal

Quantitative changes in bottom trawl landings at Kasimedu, Chennai during 1998-2007

During the period 1998-2007, an annual average of 20,898 t of marine resources was landed by trawlers at Kasimedu, Chennai, by expending a mean annual effort of 35,608 units. The annual catch during 1998-2007 showed fluctuations between 12182 t in 2005 and 35,838 t in 2002. The mean annual effort of 13.21 lakh h in 1998 dropped down to 5.08 lakh h in 2007; mean annual catch declined from 36,364 t in 1998 to 17,293 in 2007. Catch per hour (CPH) increased from 27.51 kg in 1998 to 33.98 kg in 2007, in spite of reduction in both. Multiday trawl units which formed only about 8% of the annual operational units during 1989-’91, accounted for 39% and 31% of the operational units in 1998 and 2006, respectively. Seasonal abundance of catch indicated that maximum catch was landed during the third and fourth quarters of the year, which contributed to 34.2% and 25.1% of the annual average catch during 1998- 2007. Demersal finfish resources contributed maximum (38.1%) to the annual average catch during the period 1998-2007 followed by pelagic finfish resources (25.4%), crustacean resources (15.1%) and cephalopods (5.6%). Miscellaneous finfishes and shellfishes accounted for about 15.8% of the catch. The resources that regularly contributed to the bulk of the catch were elasmobranchs, carangids, threadfin breams, silverbellies, ribbonfishes, tunas, goatfishes, lizardfishes, croakers, barracudas, clupeids, whitebaits, snappers, shrimps, crabs and cephalopods