Effectiveness of Cognitively Guided instruction Practices in Below Grade-Level Elementary Students

This study asked the question, What is the effect of Cognitively Guided Instruction (CGI) practices on the math beliefs and abilities of below grade-level second grade students? A mixed methods approach was used to measure the impact of a four-week CGI-based intervention on below grade-level second graders’ math proficiency, as well as their math affect, self-concept, and anxiety. Data was also collected on participants’ strategy sophistication, conceptual understanding, and ability to explain their thinking. Findings suggest that CGI practices led to improvement in specific math abilities in below grade-level students, including fluency and automaticity, Base 10 understanding, strategy sophistication, and conceptual understanding. They also led to higher observed levels of math affect and self-concept and reduced levels of math anxiety. These findings indicate that there is significant value in utilizing CGI-based practices with below grade-level elementary students

Applications of remote sensing to estuarine management

Projects for sewage outfall siting for pollution control in the lower Chesapeake Bay wetlands are reported. A dye-buoy/photogrammetry and remote sensing technique was employed to gather circulation data used in outfall siting. This technique is greatly favored over alternate methods because it is inexpensive, produces results quickly, and reveals Lagrangian current paths which are preferred in making siting decisions. Wetlands data were obtained by interpretation of color and color infrared photographic imagery from several altitudes. Historical sequences of photographs are shown that were used to document wetlands changes. Sequential infrared photography of inlet basins was employed to determine tidal prisms, which were input to mathematical models to be used by state agencies in pollution control. A direct and crucial link between remote sensing and management decisions was demonstrated in the various projects

Landsat analysis of the dynamics of the Chesapeake Bay plume on the continental shelf

The dynamics of the Chesapeake Bay plume have been studied by examination of 81 dates of Landsat images with color additive enhancement and single-band density slicing. The plume was interpreted from surface turbidity discontinuties as revealed in images from multispectral scanner (MSS) bands 4-7. Results show that the Chesapeake Bay plume usually frequents the Virginia coast south of the Bay mouth. Wind and tide vectors are the principal variables affecting the plume dynamics. Southwestern (compared to northern) winds spread and disperse the plume easterly over a large area. Ebb tide images (compared to flood tide images) show a more dispersed plume. Flooding waters produce high turbidity levels over the shallow northern portion of the Bay mouth

Chesapeake Bay Plume Dynamics from LANDSAT

Examination of 81 dates of Landsat images with enhancement and density slicing has shown that the Chesapeake Bay plume usually frequents the Virginia coast south of the Bay mouth. Southwestern (compared to northern) winds spread the plume easterly over a large area. Ebb tide images (compared to flood tide images) show a more dispersed plume. Flooding waters produce high turbidity levels over the shallow northern portion of the Bay mouth.https://scholarworks.wm.edu/vimsbooks/1129/thumbnail.jp

Temperature is the evil twin: effects of increased temperature and ocean acidification on reproduction in a reef fish

Reproduction in many organisms can be disrupted by changes to the physical environment, such as those predicted to occur during climate change. Marine organisms face the dual climate change threats of increasing temperature and ocean acidification, yet no studies have examined the potential interactive effects of these stressors on reproduction in marine fishes. We used a long-term experiment to test the interactive effects of increased temperature and CO2 on the reproductive performance of the anemonefish, Amphiprion melanopus. Adult breeding pairs were kept for 10 months at three temperatures (28.5°C [+0.0°C], 30.0°C [+1.5°C] and 31.5°C [+3.0°C]) cross-factored with three CO2 levels (a current-day control [417 μatm] and moderate [644 μatm] and high [1134 μatm]) treatments consistent with the range of CO2 projections for the year 2100. We recorded each egg clutch produced during the breeding season, the number of eggs laid per clutch, average egg size, fertilization success, survival to hatching, hatchling length, and yolk provisioning. Adult body condition, hepatosomatic index, gonadosomatic index, and plasma 17β-estradiol concentrations were measured at the end of the breeding season to determine the effect of prolonged exposure to increased temperature and elevated CO2 on adults, and to examine potential physiological mechanisms for changes in reproduction. Temperature had by far the stronger influence on reproduction, with clear declines in reproduction occurring in the +1.5°C treatment and ceasing altogether in the +3.0°C treatment. In contrast, CO2 had a minimal effect on the majority of reproductive traits measured, but caused a decline in offspring quality in combination with elevated temperature. We detected no significant effect of temperature or CO2 on adult body condition or hepatosomatic index. Elevated temperature had a significant negative effect on plasma 17β-estradiol concentrations, suggesting that declines in reproduction with increasing temperature were due to the thermal sensitivity of reproductive hormones rather than a reduction in energy available for reproduction. Our results show that elevated temperature exerts a stronger influence than high CO2 on reproduction in A. melanopus. Understanding how these two environmental variables interact to affect the reproductive performance of marine organisms will be important for predicting the future impacts of climate change

Seasat SAR test of the Virginian Sea Wave Climate Model

Coastal wave refraction imaged by the Seasat Synthetic Aperture Radar is compared to simulations produced by the Virginian Sea Wave Climate Model. Seasat SAR passes 974 at Cape Hatteras, and 974 and 1404 at Long Island, were examined using OFT and ZTS methods. Results generally confirm the validity of linear wave theory in modeling of shallow-water wave refraction --roughly half the deviations between VSWCM and SAR data for direction and wavelength are within 2 degrees and 10 meters. Convergence of wave orthogonals is found in predicted caustic regions. Available bathymetric data were adequate for the analysis. Some details in the pattern of deviations near Cape Hatteras suggested current shear and tidal effects associated with the Gulf Stream

Cancer in animals : novel causes and ways of predicting biological behavior : a collection of published papers presented in application for the degree of Doctor of Science of Massey University

This Doctor of Science comprises a number of published works, listed in the References in the attached file. As such, due to copyright restriction, they are not included here but can be accessed individually from the publisher.This thesis for examination for the Doctor of Science degree consists of a collection of papers published in international peer-reviewed scientific journals. The work described was predominantly performed over the last 15 years at Massey University. While performing the research described in this thesis, I have also been involved in other non-cancer research projects. Some of the papers that describe this research are listed at the end of the reference list, but are not contained within the thesis. My interest in cancer in non-human species first began while I was working as a diagnostic pathologist at the University of Georgia. While in this position I became intrigued by the patterns of cancers that developed in different species and breeds of animals. My interest in cancer further developed into my main research focus when I returned to Massey University in 2004. During the subsequent 15 years, the majority of my research has been into the development and biological behavior of cancer in animals. This research remains important as it was pioneering in suggesting that infectious agents could be important causes of cancer in non-human species. Today, numerous studies are published every year further investigating the role of infectious agents in neoplastic diseases of animals. In addition, considering the rapid progression of veterinary oncology in the last 15 years, determining better ways to predict neoplasm behavior is currently an intense field of research in veterinary medicine

Identifying the Impact of Personal Counseling Regarding Learning Strategies of Graduate Level Business Students at Webster University Mcconnell Afb, Kansas

Occupational and Adult Educatio