57 research outputs found
Anticipatory anti-colonial writing in R.K. Narayan's Swami and Friends and Mulk Raj Anand's Untouchable
This article uses the term âanticipatory anti-colonial writingâ to discuss the workings of time in R.K. Narayanâs Swami and Friends and Mulk Raj Anandâs Untouchable. Both these first novels were published in 1935 with the support of British literary personalities (Graham Greene and E.M. Forster respectively) and both feature young protagonists who, in contrasting ways, are engaged in Indian resistance to colonial rule. This study examines the difference between Narayanâs local, though ironical, resistance to the homogenizing temporal demands of empire and Anandâs awkwardly modernist, socially committed vision. I argue that a form of anticipation that explicitly looks forward to decolonization via new and transnational literary forms is a crucial feature of Untouchable that is not found in Swami and Friends, despite the latterâs anti-colonial elements. Untouchable was intended to be a âbridge between the Ganges and the Thamesâ and anticipates postcolonial negotiations of time that critique global inequalities and rely upon the multidirectional global connections forged by modernism
Electro-microbiology as a promising approach towards renewable energy and environmental sustainability
Microbial electrochemical technologies provide sustainable wastewater treatment and energy production. Despite significant improvements in the power output of microbial fuel cells (MFCs), this technology is still far from practical applications. Extracting electrical energy and harvesting valuable products by electroactive bacteria (EAB) in bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) has emerged as an innovative approach to address energy and environmental challenges. Thus, maximizing power output and resource recovery is highly desirable for sustainable systems. Insights into the electrode-microbe interactions may help to optimize the performance of BESs for envisioned applications, and further validation by bioelectrochemical techniques is a prerequisite to completely understand the electro-microbiology. This review summarizes various extracellular electron transfer mechanisms involved in BESs. The significant role of characterization techniques in the advancement of the electro-microbiology field is discussed. Finally, diverse applications of BESs, such as resource recovery, and contributions to the pursuit of a more sustainable society are also highlighted
Meet the Royal Meteorological Society's Student Ambassadors
This is the final version. Available from Wiley via the DOI in this record.âŻData availability statement:
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.The Royal Meteorological Societyâs Student
Ambassador scheme links the Society with
universities across the UK. Ambassadors
support the Society by increasing awareness
about membership, activities and initiatives
within their networks, as well as helping to
engage with students who have an interest
in weather and climate as a science, profession or hobby. The Society relaunched the
scheme in autumn 2023, and there are now
over 30 Student Ambassadors, comprising
a mix of postgraduates and undergraduates from around 20 UK institutions (see
Figure 1). Here, we introduce a handful of
the Societyâs excellent Ambassadors
Editorsâ Introduction: An Overview of the Educational Administration and Leadership Curriculum: Traditions of Islamic Educational Administration and Leadership in Higher Education
This chapter provides an overview of several topics relevant to constructing an approach to teaching educational administration and leadership in Muslim countries. First, it places the topic in the context of the changing nature and critiques of the field that argue for a greater internationalisation to both resist some of the negative aspects of globalisation and to represent countriesâ traditions in the professional curriculum. Then, it identifies literature that presents the underlying principles and values of Islamic education that guide curriculum and pedagogy and shape its administration and leadership including the Qurâan and Sunnah and the classical educational literature which focuses on aims, values and goals of education as well as character development upon which a âgoodâ society is built. This is followed by a section on the Islamic administration and leadership traditions that are relevant to education, including the values of educational organisations and how they should be administered, identifying literature on the distinctive Islamic traditions of leadership and administrator education and training as it applies to education from the establishment of Islam and early classical scholars and senior administrators in the medieval period who laid a strong foundation for a highly sophisticated preparation and practice of administration in philosophical writings and the Mirrors of Princes writings, and subsequent authors who have built upon it up to the contemporary period. The final section provides an overview of the chapters in this collection
Water resources management policies in Pakistan
In Le Moigne, G.; Barghouti, S.; Feder, G.; Garbus, L.; Xie, M. (Eds.) Country experiences with water resources management: Economic, institutional, technological and environmental issues. Washington, DC, USA: World Ban
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Catalytic conversion of sucrose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in green aqueous and organic medium
5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is one of the promising chemicals, which can serve as a platform chemical to produce various energy chemicals. HMF can be produced from different lignocellulosic biomass derived sugars employing different catalytic processes. In this study, the synthesis of HMF was investigated from excessively available sucrose using environment friendly and cost-effective technology. Among the various solvents applied, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was found as an efficient organic solvent medium. The results elucidated the combination of p-toluenesulfonic acid (pTSA) and chromium chloride (CrCl3.6H2O) as the best dehydrating catalyst. A relatively higher HMF yield of 55% was achieved at a lower temperature (120 â) while at 150 â (higher temperature) oxalic acid with higher concentration of CrCl3.6H2O gave a maximum yield of 59.21%. The time, temperature, and concentrations affected the yields. The positive impact was found with a rise in temperature from 100 - 120 â in pTSA while oxalic acid affected the yield until 150 â. HMF yields were reported in descending order as pTSA>oxalic acid> maleic acid> malonic acid >succinic acid > blank at 120 â. It was observed that the isomerization of glucose to fructose is the major barrier to achieve the high process yield. Therefore, more efforts should be made to achieve the high rate of isomerization of glucose (part of sucrose disaccharide) in order to improve the HMF selectivity by depressing the humin formation
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Meet the Royal Meteorological Society's Student Ambassadors
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