A record of anopthalmia in Mystus tengara (Hamilton, 1822) from Assam

An abnormal case of anopthalmia in a striped catfish Mystus tengara (66.8 mm in standard length) from Assam is reported in this communication. Thirty eight morphological characters of the abnormal specimen were also studied and compared with normal specimens to observe variation in the morpho-meristic traits, if any. In the abnormal specimen, the proportionate height of the dorsal fin (31.1 mm) and nasal barbel length (75.9 mm) was found to be higher compared to that of the normal specimens (21.6 – 26.5 mm and 47.9 – 72.5 mm, respectively). While the body depth of anus was higher in case of normal specimens (19.1 – 29.2 mm) compared to abnormal specimen (14.5 mm). However, no marked variation was observed in meristic characters. This anomaly does not seem to have affected morphological aspects. Factors like weed infestation, pesticide and herbicide application adversely affecting the habitat is believed to be the cause of such deformity. The abnormality does not seem to have affected the overall growth of the fish

Evaluation of Economic Impact on Juvenile Landings of Cephalopods in Mumbai Waters, Northwest Coast of India

Economic assessment of juvenile landings of 5 dominant cephalopods at New Ferry Wharf (NFW) landing centre, Mumbai was carried out during January to December, 2013. Dominant cephalopod fishery recorded include one species of squid, Uroteuthis (P) duvaucelii, three species of cuttlefishes, Sepia elliptica, Sepia pharaonis, Sepiella inermis and a species of octopus, Cistopus indicus together contributing 98% of total cephalopod landings. Estimated total annual economic gain calculated using bioeconomic model was Rs. 33.22 crores with estimated biomass gain of 4995 t per annum, if juveniles are allowed to grow up to length at first maturity (Lm)/Lmean. Among five species, C. indicus contribute maximum with 64.07 % of average juvenile catch followed by U. (P) duvaucelii (26 %), S. elliptica (23.63 %), S. inermis (23.27 %), and S. pharaonis (12.85 %). On these resources, while in S. inermis, both Lm equals Lmean indicates breakeven point for the species. The study revealed that peak spawning season of these species coincides with peak juvenile landings which may result in reduction of overall size range thus will lead to loss of fishery in economic as well as ecosystem regime. The study indicates the improvement of harvest biomass by 2.95 times which would result in generating additional revenue to the fishers by a margin of 3.71 times; if juveniles are allowed to grow up to Lm/ Lmean whichever is greater. Based on finding of present study management measures such as temporary fishing holidays at juveniles fishing grounds, feeding grounds and spawner abundance grounds which in turn allow these high valued species to contribute to the fishery with high economic gain and sustainable utilization of the resources may be adopted

Impact of premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder on adolescent and young women’s quality of life in northern India

Background: Our aim was to study the effect of PMS and PMDD on quality of life in adolescent and young women.Methods: This was a cross-sectional questionnaire based study was conducted from 2019 to 2020 in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Georges Medical University, Lucknow. After getting informed consent 358 female participant was enrolment. All participants were screened first according to PMS ACOG guideline then further DSM IV based premenstrual symptom screening tool (PSST) was applied by enquiring detail about last 3 menstrual cycles. The subjects which are diagnosed were given WHO-QOL-BREF scale.Results: The work efficiency or productivity, relationship with co-workers, relationship with your family, social life activities and home responsibilities were 27.63%, 26.31%, 22.36%, 15.78% and 15.13% in no/mild PMS, 94.73%, 86.84%, 73.68%, 60.52% and 42.10% in moderate to severe PMS and 100.00%, 85.71%, 57.14%, 42.85%, and 2.85% PMDD. The mean percentages of physical health domain were 64.43±8.29, 58.47±6.91, and 52.86±6.20; psychological health domain was 66.39±9.39, 62.47±7.73 and 56.29±4.64; social relationship domain was 62.29±12.45, 60.61±11.67 and 56.00±5.32 and environmental health domain was 64.52±9.64, 61.13±9.39 and 58.86±3.72 in no/mild PMS, moderate to severe PMS and PMDD participants group, respectively.Conclusions: The changes of physical health domain, psychological health domain were significantly negative correlated with moderate to severe PMS that means participant with moderate and severe PMS have poor quality of physical and psychological health whereas, social relationship domain and environmental health domain were also negative correlated but not significantly associated with moderate to severe PMS

A study to evaluate prescribing pattern of antibiotics among patients of urinary tract infection with preexisting renal disorders in a tertiary care hospital

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections encountered and treated worldwide. The objective was to determine the incidence, culture-sensitivity status, prescription pattern of antibiotics and response to various antibiotics and other therapeutic considerations in patients of complicated UTI (cUTI).Methods: The observational prospective analytical study conducted in Department of Nephrology, Grant Government Medical College and Sir JJ Group of Hospitals, Mumbai.Results: A total percentage of patients having UTI was 13.08%. Of these 200 patients, 119 patients were female (60%) and 81 patients were male (41 %). Among male, the prevalence was seen more in geriatric age group and among female in adult group. Symptomatologically, fever was the most common symptom. Among male, diabetes mellitus was most commonly associated with cUTI whereas recurrent UTI were more common among female. Of the 200 patients, culture sensitivity was done in 133 patients. Escherichia coli was found to be the most common organism.Quinolones were the most commonly prescribed first line drug followed by beta-lactamase inhibitors. Combinations such as cefoperazone + linezolid were the most commonly prescribed second-line drug, followed by combination of ceftriaxone or cefoperazone with metronidazole.Paracetamol was the most common non antibiotic support given.Conclusions: The results of this study may not be representative of the general population; but UTIs are often treated empirically, and susceptibility tests are often carried out only when the patient has failed one or more courses of antibiotics

Morphometric differentiation of hermit crabs, superfamily: Paguroidea from Mumbai, North-West coast of India

492-495The present communication deals with an attempt to differentiate species of hermit crabs, collected from Maharashtra region, using morphometric features. A total of 16 morphometric measurements features were recorded from each specimen. The morphometric features like cheliped dactylus length, cheliped propodus length, carapace length, ocular peduncle length, antennular peduncle length and propodal length have been found to be important traits in the separation of the species. Among these first three, cheliped dactylus length, cheliped propodus length and carapace length, are most important in differentiation. The analysis also indicated 99.55 % correct discrimination of the species based on selected traits

Morphometric and meristic variation of congeneric sciaenid fishes Otolithes cuvieri Trewavas, 1974 and Otolithes ruber (Schneider, 1801) from Maharashtra, west coast of India

80-86Two closely related species Otolithes cuvieri, Trewavas, 1974 and Otolithes ruber, (Schneider, 1801) have been differentiated based on morphometric and meristic traits. A simple yet useful criterion based on a pair of canine teeth present on the upper and lower jaw as well as position of the mouth is currently used to differentiate two congeneric sciaenid fish species the O. cuvieri and O. ruber. Findings of the present study indicated that simply two morphometric and meristic characters are sufficient to differentiate these two species. MANOVA (Multivariate analysis of variance) and stepwise discriminant function were used to decide the morphometric traits, significant for differentiation of the species of family Sciaenidae. Discriminant function analysis revealed that 98 % of the species were correctly classified based on five morphometric characters namely Pre-pectoral fin length (PPFL), Pre-anal fin length (PAL), Post orbital head length (POHL), Post anal fin length (POAL) and Body depth (BD). The m-transformed morphometric traits were found to be useful tools in generating canonical variables in differentiating the species. The first canonical variables showed altogether 98 % variance. The scatter plots by first three canonical variables have well differentiated the species. Two meristic characters such as the number of gillrakers present on lower limb of first gill arch and figure of arborescent appendages on the swim bladder are important in differentiation of these species

A study of spectrum and fetomaternal outcome of Jaundice in pregnant women: an experience from a tertiary referral centre of North India

Background: Pregnancy in jaundice is an important Medical disorder, commonly seen in developing countries like India. The objective of the study was to evaluate the causes leading to jaundice in pregnancy and to analyse the feto-maternal outcome in patients of jaundice in pregnancy.Methods: This was a prospective observational study of antenatal cases with jaundice admitted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Georges Medical University, Lucknow over a period of one year after getting approval of ethical clearance. Total 122 cases were enrolled after informed consent.Results: Total of 122 cases were enrolled, Incidence of jaundice in pregnancy was 1.2%. Majority of patients were of age group 20-25 years 48.4%. About 69.7% presented at gestational age of 29-40 weeks. Most common cause was pre-eclampsia 33.6%, followed by cholestasis 23.75% and hepatitis 17.2%. Amongst hepatitis, most common was hepatitis B in 26.7%. Out of 122 cases, 59.8% delivered while 50.2% were undelivered 52.4% patients improved and were discharged while 47.6% patients expired. Vaginal deliveries were 56.1%, abdominal deliveries were 43.9%, and main reason for maternal mortality was hepatic encephalopathy in 64.6%. Mortality was higher in patients with total bilirubin > 10mg%. Perinatal mortality was 37%.Conclusions: Pregnancy complicated with jaundice carries very poor maternal and fetal outcome. Poor outcome may be attributed to delay in seeking medical advice, lack of awareness, lack of proper antenatal checkups 100% ANC booking can help in reducing fetomaternal morbidity and mortality

Biometric analysis of brushtooth lizard fish Saurida undosquamis (Richardson, 1848) from Mumbai waters

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between various morphometric measurements and meristic counts, and to establish the length-weight relationships (LWRs) and length-length relationships (LLRs) of Saurida undosquamis based on specimens collected from New Ferry Wharf landing centre of Mumbai coast during September 2013 to June 2015. The morphometric variables for the species under study exhibited high level of correlation with each other. Based on present study results, the fin formula of S. undosquamis in Mumbai water can be written as B 13-15, D 11-13, P 13-15, V 9, A 10-11, C 18-20, L47-53. Different values of regression coefficient (b) and correlation coefficient (r) in LLRs illustrates that different organ grows differently. The values of the regression coefficient b in the LWRs equations (W = aLb) were 2.90, 3.04 and 2.99 for male, female and pooled individuals respectively indicating an isometric growth with high correlation coefficient (r2). These parameters are useful for evaluating the relative condition of fish as well as for subsequent biological and population based studies

Stock structure analysis of Nemipterus bipunctatus (Valenciennes, 1830) from three locations along the Indian coast

1888-1895Present study was done to identify the occurrence of various stocks of Nemipterus bipunctatus along the Indian coast, based on their body and skull shape morphometrics. Fish samples were collected from three locations along the Indian coast viz. Chennai along the East coast and Mumbai and Veraval on the West coast. Twenty truss distances from nine-point truss network of body and twenty-one truss distances from eleven-point truss network of the skull were measured from each fish sample. The canonical discriminant analysis showed that the truss distances belong to the anterior region and caudal peduncle of body and olfactory region of skull were significant in separating the fish stocks. The artificial neural network analysis revealed 91.4 % and 86.14 % well classification of the specimen, based on the truss distances of body and skull respectively. The results from the study indicated that there is a significant difference among the stocks of N. bipunctatus

Fishery and stock status of cuttlefishes off Andhra coast, India with focus on the needle cuttlefish Sepia aculeata Van Hasselt, 1835

The fishery and stock status of cuttlefishes along the northern coast of Andhra Pradesh was studied with special reference to the needle cuttlefish; Sepia aculeata Van Hasselt, 1835. Cuttlefishes caught by trawlers along the coast of Andhra Pradesh contributed 68.29% of the total cephalopod landings of the state during the study period (2006-2016). The average annual cephalopod landing in Andhra Pradesh for the study period was 2991 t and the mean annual catch per hour (CPH) during 2006-2016 was 0.47 kg h-1. The cumulative sum (CUSUM) analysis indicated increasing trend in cuttlefish landings of the state during the study period. Stock status plots indicates that cuttlefish stocks along the Andhra Pradesh coast are in the “fully exploited” phase