Experimental Study based on the Implementation of a Regulatory Framework for the Improvement of Cyber Resilience in SMEs

Currently, applying regulations oriented to cybersecurity, cyber resilience is relevant to face the high rates of cyberattacks, which have caused an interruption in the operational processes of organizations, generating an economic loss, and affecting the continuity of their business processes on the web. In this scenario, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are the most affected due to their weak technological infrastructure. Given this, this experimental study was developed to implement a regulatory framework for the improvement of cyber resilience; the criteria anticipate, resist, recover and evolve presented significant statistical values of improvement after the application of the experiment. This research contributes to counteract the refusal to use information technologies for business development; Improvement actions were carried out to face threats and computer vulnerabilities to which organizations are exposed when carrying out operations in cyberspace

Bacterias solubilizadoras de fosfato y sus potencialidades de uso en la promoción del crecimiento de cultivos de importância económica

La mayoría de los suelos tropicales y subtropicales son deficientes en fósforo biodisponible, por lo que el empleo de bacterias promotoras del crecimiento vegetal, principalmente las solubilizadoras de fosfato, pueden reducir el uso de fertilizantes químicos. El objetivo de este trabajo es ofrecer una panorámica actual acerca de los principales géneros y mecanismos de acción de las bacterias solubilizadoras de fosfatos (BSF), así como analizar su posible empleo en cultivos de importancia económica. La utilización de géneros bacterianos con mayores potencialidades de uso como Pseudomonas y Bacillus unido a aislados promisorios de Azospirillum y Herbaspirilum en cultivos como arroz y café permitiría reducir a largo plazo el uso de productos químicos en la agricultura, así como desarrollar estrategias agronómicas que preserven el medio ambiente. El éxito de estos inoculantes bacterianos depende de la selección de cepas autóctonas eficientes por tipo de suelo, su capacidad de colonizar la rizosfera y de mantener la actividad biológica

Design of an integrated management control model for the state social enterprise Bucaramanga Health Institute

La investigación planteada busca mediante la aplicación de la teoría y los conceptos básicos de control de gestión proponer al ISABU (Instituto de Salud de Bucaramanga), la implementación de un sistema integral de control que sirva de instrumento a los niveles gerenciales, para evaluar situaciones particulares en la institución, medir el impacto en la prestación de los servicios y la aceptación de los mismos por parte del usuario. El diseño de este sistema integrado de control de gestión generará indicadores de aspectos críticos del éxito institucional en busca de efícientizar el funcionamiento organizacional basándonos en la metodología científica, buscaremos la calidad como eje fundamental de coherencia con su misión y visión. La aplicación de un indicador en el proceso de gestión, es útil para cuantificar objetivos, planificar, explicar relaciones y comportamientos estructurales, tomar decisiones, coordinar actuaciones de áreas diferentes así como para el control mismo de la gestión, beneficios apreciables para cualquier institución.CAPITULO I 1. DEFINICIÓN DEL PROBLEMA 6 2. JUSTIFICACIÓN 6 3. OBJETIVOS 7 3.1 GENERAL 7 3.2 ESPECIFICOS 8 4. METODOLOGÍA 8 5. MARCO DE REFERENCIA 10 5.1 MARCO TEORICO 10 5.1.1 OBJETIVO CONTROL INTEGRADO DE GESTION 11 5.1.2 INDICADORES DE GESTION: DEFINICIÓN 11 5.1.3 OBJETIVOS DE LOS INDICADORES DE GESTION 12 5.1.4 CARACTERISTICAS DE LOS INDICADORES DE GESTION 12 5.1.5 LA MEDICION: DEFINICIÓN E IMPORTANCIA 19 5.1.6 ATRIBUTOS DE UNA BUENA MEDICION 21 6. RESEÑA HISTORICA DEL ISABU 24 7. PRESUPUESTO ISABU 28 8. POBLACIÓN OBJETO DE ATENCIÓN PRIMER NIVEL EN 30 BUCARAMANGA 9. MORBILIDAD EN LA UNIDAD OPERATIVA HOSPITAL LOCAL 31 DEL NORTE 9.1 MORBILIDAD EN CONSULTA EXTERNA MEDICINA GENERAL 31 9.2 MORBILIDAD EN URGENCIAS DE MEDICINA GENERAL 31 9.3 MORBILIDAD EN HOSPITALIZACION DE PEDIATRIA 32 9.4 MORBILIDAD EN HOSPITALIZACION ADULTOS 32 10. MISIÓN DEL ISABU 33 10.1 MISION ACTUAL DEL ISABU 33 10.2 MISION REDEFINIDA POR NUESTRO GRUPO 33 11. VISION DEL ISABU 34 11.1VISION ACTUAL DEL ISABU 34 11.2 VISION REDEFINIDA POR NUESTRO GRUPO 34 12. PRINCIPIOS CORPORATIVOS 34 13. RECURSOS TECNOLÓGICOS Y HUMANOS 35 14. PORTAFOLIO DE SERVICIOS UNIDAD OPERATIVA HOSPITAL 35 LOCAL DEL NORTE 15. ORGANIGRAMA 36 CAPITULO II 39 16. FICHAS TENICAS DE PROCESOS MEJORADOS EN LAS 39 UNIDADES FUNCIONALES DE LA UNIDAD OPERATIVA HOSPITAL LOCAL DEL NORTE 16.1 FICHA TÉCNICA CONSULTA EXTERNA 41 16.2 FICHA TÉCNICA URGENCIAS 16.2.1 FICHA TÉCNICA CONSULTA Y ATENCIÓN DE URGENCIAS 44 16.2.2 FICHA TÉCNICA URGENCIAS GINECO-OBSTETRICAS 47 16.3 FICHA TÉCNICA HOSPITALIZACION PEDIATRIA 51 16.4 FICHA TÉCNICA HOSPITALIZACION GINECO-OOBSTETRICIA 54 16.5 FICHA TÉCNICA PROGRAMACIÓN CIRUGÍA 55 16.6 FICHA TÉCNICA ATENCIÓN DE CIRUGIA 58 16.7 FICHA TÉCNICA PROMOCION Y PREVENCIÓN 61 16.8 FICHA TÉCNICA ENTREGA MEDICAMENTOS A USUARIOS 64 16.9 FICHA TÉCNICA TOMA Y PROCESAMIENTO DE MUESTRAS 67 16.10 FICHA TÉCNICA ESTUDIOS RADIOLÓGICOS 70 16.11 FICHA TÉCNICA ALMACEN 16.11.1 FICHA TÉCNICA ALMACEN COMPRAS DIRECTAS 73 16.11.2 FICHA TÉCNICA ALMACEN ENTREGA DE MERCANCÍAS 75 16.12 FICHA TÉCNICA FACTURACIÓN 77 CAPITULO III 17. FLUJOGRAMAS MEJORADOS PROCESOS 78 17.1 FLUJOGRAMA PROCESO MEJORADO DE ATENCIÓN EN 80 CONSULTA EXTERNA 17.2 FLUJOGRAMA PROCESO MEJORADO CONSULTA Y ATENCIÓN 81 EN URGENCIAS 17.2.1 FLUJOGRAMA PROCESO MEJORADO CONSULTA Y 81 ATENCIÓN URGENCIAS MEDICINA GENERAL 17.2.2 FLUJOGRMA PROCESO MEJORADO DE ATENCIÓN 83 EN URGENCIAS GINECO-OOBSTETRICAS Y SALA DE PARTOS 17.3 FLUJOGRAMA PROCESO MEJORADO HOSPITALIZACION PEDIATRIA 17.3.1 FLUJOGRAMA PROCESO MEJORADO HOSPITALIZACION 87 PEDIATRIA PROVENIENTE DE CONSULTA EXTERNA 17.3.2 FLUJOGRAMA PROCESO MEJORADO HOSPITALIZACION 89 PEDIATRIA PROVENIENTE DE URGENCIAS 17.4 FLUJOGRAMA PROCESO MEJORADO HOSPITALIZACION GINECO-OBSTETRICIA1 17.5 FLUJOGRAMA PROCESO MEJORADO PROGRAMACION 91 CIRUGÍA 17.6 FLUJOGRAMA PROCESO MEJORADO ATENCIÓN DE QX 94 17.7 FLUJOGRAMA PROCESO MEJORADO PROMOCION Y 96 PREVENCIÓN 17.8 FLUJOGRAMA PROCESO MEJORADO PROCESO DE ENTREGA 98 DE MEDICAMENTOS AL USUARIO 1 Este flujograma es idéntico al proceso de Hospitalización pediátrica ya referido. 17.9 FLUJOGRAMA PROCESO MEJORADO TOMA Y PROCESO DE MUESTRAS DE LABORATORIO 101 17.10 FLUJOGRAMA PROCESO MEJORADO TOMA DE RAYOS X 103 17.11 FLUJOGRAMA PROCESO MEJORADO ALMACEN 17.11.1 FLUJOGRAMA PROCESO MEJORADO COMPRAS DIRECTAS 106 17.11.2 FLUJOGRAMA PROCESO MEJORADO ENTREGA DE MERCANCÍAS 109 17.12 FLUJOGRAMA PROCESO DE FACTURACIÓN 110 CAPITULO IV 18. INSTRUMENTOS PARALA FORMULACION DE INDICADORES DE 111 GESTION 18.1 INSTRUMENTO PARA INDICADORES DE GESTION CONSULTA 114 EXTERNA MEDICINA GENERAL 18.2 INSTRUMENTO PARA INDICADORES DE GESTION URGENCIAS 18.2.1 INSTRUMENTO PARA INDICADORES DE GESTION 119 URGENCIAS MEDICINA GENERAL 18.2.2 INSTRUMENTO PARA INDICADORES DE GESTION 122 URGENCIAS GINECO-OBSTETRICAS 18.3 INSTRUMENTO PARA INDICADORES DE GESTION 125 HOSPITALIZACION PEDIATRIA 18.4 INSTRUMENTO PARA INDICADORES DE GESTION 127 GINECO-OBSTETRICIA 18.5 INSTRUMENTO PARA INDICADORES DE GESTION 129 PROGRAMACIÓN DE CIRUGÍAS 18.6 INSTRUMENTO PARA INDICADORES DE GESTION 132 ATENCIÓN DE CIRUGÍA. 18.7 INSTRUMENTO PARA INDICADORES DE GESTION PROMOCION Y PREVENCIÓN 18.8 INSTRUMENTO PARA INDICADORES DE GESTION FARMACIA 134 18.9 INSTRUMENTO PARA INDICADORES DE GESTION 138 LABORATORIO CLINICO 18.10 INSTRUENTO PARA INDICADORES DE GESTION RAYOS X 139 18.11 INSTRUMENTO PARA INDICADORES DE GESTION FACTURACIÓN 18.12 INSTRUMENTO PARA INDICADORES DE GESTION 140 ALMACEN RECOMENDACIONES 143 BIBLIOGRAFÍA 144EspecializaciónThe proposed research seeks through the application of theory and basic concepts of management control to propose to the ISABU (Health Institute of Bucaramanga), the implementation of a comprehensive control system that serves as a instrument at managerial levels, to evaluate particular situations in the institution, measure the impact on the provision of services and the acceptance of the same by the user. The design of this integrated management control system will generate indicators of critical aspects of institutional success in search of efficient operation organization based on scientific methodology, we will seek the quality as a fundamental axis of coherence with its mission and vision. The application of an indicator in the management process is useful to quantify objectives, planning, explaining relationships and structural behaviors, taking decisions, coordinate actions of different areas as well as for the control same management, appreciable benefits for any institution

Una dieta enriquecida con CLA mejora el daño a órganos asociados al síndrome metabólico en ratas hipertensas espontáneas

The purpose of this study was to provide evidence that dietary CLA can prevent the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome in tissue structure, suggesting potential benefits in the onset of this syndrome. Wistar male spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR), were classified into two groups that were fed a standard diet for eight weeks: one with 7.5% sunflower oil (V-SHR group), and the other with 6% sunflower oil and 1.5% CLA (CLA-SHR group). A control healthy group consisted of Kyoto-Wistar male rats fed the standard diet with 7.5% sunflower oil. The animals were sacrificed, and sections of liver, kidneys and aorta were fixed in 10% formaldehyde, and then stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin. Only in the V-SHR group, the stain of the aorta indicated irregular endothelial morphology; liver parenchyma was characterized by an infiltration of inflammatory neutrophils, fibrosis, thickening of the portal vein epithelium, hepatocyte hyperplasia and steatosis. The renal tissue of this group evidenced hyperplasia in the cells of the endothelial of Bowman´s capsule. Abnormal histological changes were not observed in either the control group or the rats fed with CLA, suggesting a protective role of CLA in the onset of metabolic syndrome.El objetivo del presente estudio fue proporcionar evidencia que el CLA dietario puede evitar la patogénesis del síndrome metabólico en la estructura tisular, lo que sugiere beneficios potenciales en el desarrollo de este síndrome. Dos grupos de ratas Wistar macho espontáneamente hipertensas (SHR) fueron alimentadas con una dieta normal por 8 semanas: una dieta contenía 7.5% de aceite de girasol (grupo VSHR), y el otro contenía 6% de aceite de girasol y 1.5% de CLA (grupo CLA-SHR). A un grupo testigo sano de ratas macho Kyoto-Wistar les fue proporcionada una dieta normal con 7.5% de aceite de girasol. Los animales fueron sacrificados y se tomaron secciones de hígado, riñones y aorta, las cuales fueron fijadas en formaldehído al 10% y teñidas con Hematoxilina y Eosina. Las tinciones de aorta mostraron morfología irregular del endotelio en la aorta solo en el grupo V-SHR; el parénquima hepático se caracterizó por infiltración de neutrófilos inflamatorios, fibrosis y engrosamiento del epitelio de la vena porta, hiperplasia hepática y esteatosis. El tejido renal de este mismo grupo evidenció hiperplasia en las células del endotelio de la cápsula de Bowman. No se observaron cambios anormales histológicos tanto en el grupo testigo como en el alimentado con CLA, lo que sugiere un papel protector del CLA en el desarrollo del síndrome metabólico

Feminist Pedagogy in the STEM Research Laboratory: an Intersectional Approach

The research laboratory is a crucial and indispensable classroom for STEM education. It is where we practice science as a craft and test the ideas that awaken our curiosity, allowing us to create knowledge. It is also a space where challenges await and struggles are imminent. Thus, supporting mentees through their traineeship in a research lab requires an intersectional approach and lens to provide equitable mentorship and guidance. The concept of intersectionality, initially devised by Black feminist professor Kimberlé W. Crenshaw, can be employed to generate practices and frameworks that democratize laboratory culture and provide trainees with a space in which they shape the laboratory culture while helping them recognize their positionality. This critical commentary provides insights and experiences when incorporating feminist frameworks to sustain equitable working environments in the research lab setting, specifically in leading a research group composed predominantly of Puerto Rican women

Lysophosphatidic Acid-Mediated GPR35 Signaling in CX3CR1⁺ Macrophages Regulates Intestinal Homeostasis.

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the gene encoding G protein-coupled receptor 35 (GPR35) are associated with increased risk of inflammatory bowel disease. However, the mechanisms by which GPR35 modulates intestinal immune homeostasis remain undefined. Here, integrating zebrafish and mouse experimental models, we demonstrate that intestinal Gpr35 expression is microbiota dependent and enhanced upon inflammation. Moreover, murine GPR35 <sup>+</sup> colonic macrophages are characterized by enhanced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. We identify lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) as a potential endogenous ligand produced during intestinal inflammation, acting through GPR35 to induce tumor necrosis factor (Tnf) expression in macrophages. Mice lacking Gpr35 in CX3CR1 <sup>+</sup> macrophages aggravate colitis when exposed to dextran sodium sulfate, which is associated with decreased transcript levels of the corticosterone-generating gene Cyp11b1 and macrophage-derived Tnf. Administration of TNF in these mice restores Cyp11b1 expression and intestinal corticosterone production and ameliorates DSS-induced colitis. Our findings indicate that LPA signals through GPR35 in CX3CR1 <sup>+</sup> macrophages to maintain TNF-mediated intestinal homeostasis

The status of chestnut cultivation and utilization in the Canary Islands

Chestnut was introduced to the Canary Islands at the beginning of the 16th century during the time of the Spanish Conquest. It was utilised by the conquerors as a means of claiming property for communal lands. From that time until today, chestnut has been an important crop in the Canary Islands. It is important both as a source of food and timber and has contributed to the subsistence of the population, particularly at times when both resources were scarce. Nowadays it is mainly cultivated on the Islands of Tenerife (around 1300 ha) and La Palma. On other islands, such as Gran Canaria, La Gomera and El Hierro, semi-wild chestnut forests and small plots where farmers collect fruit still exist. Morphological and molecular marker (SSRs) studies have shown a great variability within the local population of chestnut trees in the Canaries. The main use for chestnut is fruit consumption, but it was also utilised in the past as an exchange commodity to obtain fish and other food. The fruit is consumed in many different ways, mainly toasted or roasted, but also cooked in soups, fish or meat dishes and even as an ingredient for the typical Canary Islands’ sweet ‘morcillas’ (a type of sausage). The wood of the tree has been used for furniture, with some shoots being utilised for basket making, and also as cattle food. The trunk of the chestnut has also been used to obtain cork or as a bee hive. Recent efforts to add value to chestnut cultivation in the Canary Islands have included the creation of a Chestnut Farmers Association in Tenerife that commercializes their products under a brand name

The sole DNA ligase in entamoeba histolytica is a high-fidelity DNA ligase involved in DNA damage repair

"The protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica is exposed to reactive oxygen and nitric oxide species that have the potential to damage its genome. E. histolytica harbors enzymes involved in DNA repair pathways like Base and Nucleotide Excision Repair. The majority of DNA repairs pathways converge in their final step in which a DNA ligase seals the DNA nicks. In contrast to other eukaryotes, the genome of E. histolyticaencodes only one DNA ligase (EhDNAligI), suggesting that this ligase is involved in both DNA replication and DNA repair. Therefore, the aim of this work was to characterize EhDNAligI, its ligation fidelity and its ability to ligate opposite DNA mismatches and oxidative DNA lesions, and to study its expression changes and localization during and after recovery from UV and H2O2 treatment. We found that EhDNAligI is a high-fidelity DNA ligase on canonical substrates and is able to discriminate erroneous base-pairing opposite DNA lesions. EhDNAligI expression decreases after DNA damage induced by UV and H2O2 treatments, but it was upregulated during recovery time. Upon oxidative DNA damage, EhDNAligI relocates into the nucleus where it co-localizes with EhPCNA and the 8-oxoG adduct. The appearance and disappearance of 8-oxoG during and after both treatments suggest that DNA damaged was efficiently repaired because the mainly NER and BER components are expressed in this parasite and some of them were modulated after DNA insults. All these data disclose the relevance of EhDNAligI as a specialized and unique ligase in E. histolytica that may be involved in DNA repair of the 8-oxoG lesions.

Fully Inkjet-Printed Green-Emitting PEDOT:PSS/NiO/Colloidal CsPbBr3/SnO2 Perovskite Light-Emitting Diode on Rigid and Flexible Substrates

After establishing themselves as promising active materials in the field of solar cells, halide perovskites are currently being explored for fabrication of low-cost, easily processable, and highly efficient light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Despite this, the highest efficiencies reported for perovskite-based LEDs (PeLEDs) are achieved through spin coating or vacuum evaporation deposition techniques, which are not adequate, in most of the cases, for an industrial-scale production. Additionally, the long-term stability is still a big handicap, even though all inorganic perovskites, such as CsPbBr3, are found to be more stable to external variables. In this context, herein, the fabrication of fully inkjet-printed (IJP) CsPbBr3-based PeLEDs in ambient conditions, on rigid and flexible substrates, on a proof-of-concept basis, with the successful incorporation of NiO and SnO2 as hole- and electron-selective contacts, respectively, is reported. Despite the moderate luminance (324 cd m−2) value obtained, this result paves the way toward the development of upscalable fabrication of PeLEDs based on deposition techniques with controlled spatial resolution.The authors wish to thank the financial support from the European Commission via FET Open Grant (862656, DROP-IT), MINECO (Spain) for grant PID2019-105658RB-I00 (PRITES project), Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain under Project STABLE (PID2019-107314RB-I00), and Generalitat Valenciana via Prometeo Grant Q-Devices (Prometeo/2018/098)

VAMOS: a Pathfinder for the HAWC Gamma-Ray Observatory

VAMOS was a prototype detector built in 2011 at an altitude of 4100m a.s.l. in the state of Puebla, Mexico. The aim of VAMOS was to finalize the design, construction techniques and data acquisition system of the HAWC observatory. HAWC is an air-shower array currently under construction at the same site of VAMOS with the purpose to study the TeV sky. The VAMOS setup included six water Cherenkov detectors and two different data acquisition systems. It was in operation between October 2011 and May 2012 with an average live time of 30%. Besides the scientific verification purposes, the eight months of data were used to obtain the results presented in this paper: the detector response to the Forbush decrease of March 2012, and the analysis of possible emission, at energies above 30 GeV, for long gamma-ray bursts GRB111016B and GRB120328B.Comment: Accepted for pubblication in Astroparticle Physics Journal (20 pages, 10 figures). Corresponding authors: A.Marinelli and D.Zaboro