Team perceived virtuality: an emergent state perspective

The rapid changes of work, the ease of mobility, and ubiquitous use of virtual tools have fundamentally changed the way that teamwork in modern organizations is accomplished. Although these developments have elicited a broad range of studies focusing on the phenomenon of team virtuality, the construct itself is still tied to conceptual ambiguities, opposing theoretical underpinnings, and inconsistent findings. The present paper synthesizes the structural and social-constructivist elements of team virtuality in order to introduce the novel concept of team perceived virtuality (TPV), embedded within a theoretical model of its team-level emergence. We define TPV as a cognitive-affective team emergent state which is grounded in collectively experienced feelings of distance and perceptions of information deficits. We further describe how TPV emerges as a function of team members’ collectively developed co-constructions and identify antecedents that contribute towards this emergence. By disentangling perceptions from structural properties, the present paper conceptually advances our understanding of team virtuality beyond its structural characteristics. Ultimately, this conceptual work serves as a starting point for future research on team virtuality as a collectively constructed, team-level emergent construct.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Stärkung von Verbundenheit und Zugehörigkeit im digitalen Engagement

aus Reflexion und praktische Implikationen: Das Forschungsprojekt soll die Herausforderungen beleuchten, die sich im digitalen Engagement für den Aufbau und Erhalt von Verbundenheits- und Zugehörigkeitsgefühlen von Freiwilligen mit ihrer Organisation ergeben, unterstützende Maßnahmen erarbeiten und ihre Wirksamkeit evaluieren. Als erster Schritt der Problemdiagnose wurde eine Fokusgruppe durchgeführt, deren Ergebnisse zur Entwicklung von organisationsspezifischen Maßnahmen im nächsten Schritt genutzt werden.... Praktischen Nutzen liefert unser Beitrag in zweierlei Hinsicht. Einerseits zeigen die sechs Cluster relevante Herausforderungen im digitalen Engagement auf und können von anderen gemeinnützigen Organisationen als Leitfaden für die eigene Reflexion und Verbesserung der Zusammenarbeit verwendet werden. Aus der methodischen Perspektive hat sich weiterhin die Integration der Concept Mapping Methode in die Fokusgruppe als sehr nützlich erwiesen. Die Kombination beider Ansätze bietet den Vorteil, dass Ideen zu einem Thema sehr individuell und unbeeinflusst von der Gruppe erarbeitet und strukturiert werden, dann im zweiten Schritt aber in der Gruppe diskutiert werden können

Theoretical investigations of molecular triple ionization spectra

Triple ionization of molecular systems is investigated theoretically by means of the three-particle propagator. This enables us to efficiently calculate the very dense triple ionization spectra. To be able to interpret these spectra an atomic three-hole population analysis is developed which provides information about the charge distribution in the molecular trication. In exemplary applications on CO and a series of fluorides the use of the approach is demonstrated. A large number of triply ionized electronic states are energetically accessible in the available particle impact ionization experiments and it is shown that many of these states contribute to the observations. Triply ionized states are also produced by Auger decay. In particular, shake-off satellite lines of molecular Auger spectra can be reproduced using the triple ionization energies from the propagator calculation and an estimate of the transition rates based on the three-hole population analysis. In general a dramatically growing complexity of the triple ionization spectra with increasing molecular size is demonstrated. In spite of this complexity the three-hole population analysis is of valuable help for the interpretation of the spectra and often a simple picture in terms of various hole-localization patterns arises

The tree species matters: Belowground carbon input and utilization in the myco-rhizosphere

© 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS Rhizodeposits act as major carbon (C) source for microbial communities and rhizosphere-driven effects on forest C cycling receive increasing attention for maintaining soil biodiversity and ecosystem functions. By in situ 13 CO 2 pulse labeling we investigated C input and microbial utilization of rhizodeposits by analyzing 13 C incorporation into phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) of beech- (Fagus sylvatica) and ash-associated (Fraxinus excelsior) rhizomicrobial communities. Plant compartments and soil samples were analyzed to quantify the allocation of assimilates. For 1 m high trees, ash assimilated more of the applied 13 CO 2 (31%) than beech (21%), and ash allocated twice as much 13 C belowground until day 20. Approximately 0.01% of the applied 13 C was incorporated into total PLFAs, but incorporation varied significantly between microbial groups. Saprotrophic and ectomycorrhizal fungi under beech and ash, but also arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Gram negative bacteria under ash, incorporated most 13 C. PLFA allowed differentiation of C fluxes from tree roots into mycorrhiza: twice as much 13 C was incorporated into the fungal biomarker 18:2ω6,9 under beech than under ash. Within 5 days, 30% of the fungal PLFA-C was replaced by rhizodeposit-derived 13 C under beech but only 10% under ash. None of the other microbial groups reached such high C replacement, suggesting direct C allocation via ectomycorrhizal symbioses dominates the C flux under beech. Based on 13 CO 2 labeling and 13 C tracing in PLFA we conclude that ash allocated more C belowground and has faster microbial biomass turnover in the rhizosphere compared to beech

Assessing the role of collaboration in the process of museum innovation

The relationship between collaboration and innovation in cultural organisations is an emerging topic that has drawn particular attention from scholars and practitioners. The main aim of this study is to assess the role of collaboration in the process of innovation in museum organisations. To achieve this aim, first, we develop a four-domain analytical framework by matching innovation types to cultural production processes to reflect the peculiarities of museum innovation. By applying this framework to the multiple case studies from four Spanish museums, we identify three main motivations (supplementing manpower, compensating for the scarcity of knowledge, improving demand-driven innovation) and four forms of collaboration (teamwork, outsourcing, consortium and conversation) and summarise the different modes of collaboration involved in various domains of production and innovation. An assessment is conducted subsequently to evaluate the effectiveness of existing collaborations in achieving technological and cultural innovation in museums. Finally, a list of implications for museums' innovation management is presented

Feasibility and acceptability of e-PROMs data capture and feedback among patients receiving haemodialysis in the Symptom monitoring WIth Feedback Trial (SWIFT) pilot: protocol for a qualitative study in Australia

INTRODUCTION: People receiving haemodialysis experience a high symptom burden and impaired quality of life. The use of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) is increasing in nephrology care, however their acceptability, utility and impacts are not well understood. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We describe a protocol for a qualitative study to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of electronic-PROMs (e-PROMs) data capture and feedback in haemodialysis following the pilot Symptom monitoring WIth Feedback Trial (SWIFT). SWIFT involves linkage of e-PROMs data, including symptoms and health-related quality of life, to the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry with feedback to patients' treating nephrologists and nurse unit managers. Focus groups and semistructured interviews will be conducted with nephrologists (n=15), dialysis nurses (n=24) and patients receiving haemodialysis (n=24) from six dialysis units in Australia. Question topics will include the technical and clinical feasibility and acceptability of e-PROMs reporting and feedback (including the barriers and enablers to uptake) and perceived impact on patient care and outcomes. Transcripts will be analysed thematically and guided by Normalisation Process Theory. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethics approval was obtained from the relevant hospital Human Research Ethics Committees (HREC/18/CALHN/481; HREC/MML/54599). The findings from the SWIFT pilot and qualitative evaluation will inform the implementation of the SWIFT main trial, and more broadly, the use of e-PROMs in clinical settings and registries. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ANZCTRN12618001976279.Emily Duncanson, Paul N Bennett, Andrea Viecelli, Kathryn Dansie, William Handke, Allison Ton

The politics of the digital single market:Culture vs. competition vs. copyright

This paper examines the implications for European music culture of the European Union’s Digital Single Market strategy. It focuses on the regulatory framework being created for the management of copyright policy, and in particular the role played by Collective Management Organisations (or Collecting Societies). One of the many new opportunities created by digitalization has been the music streaming services. These depend on consumers being able to access music wherever they are, but such a system runs counter to the management of rights on a national basis and through collecting organisations who act as monopolies within their own territories. The result has been ‘geo-blocking’. The EU has attempted to resolve this problem in a variety of ways, most recently in a Directive designed to reform the CMOs. In this paper, we document these various efforts, showing them to be motivated by a deep-seated and persisting belief in the capacity of ‘competition’ to resolve problems that, we argue, actually lie elsewhere - in copyright policy itself. The result is that the EU’s intervention fails to address its core concern and threatens the diversity of European music culture by rewarding those who are already commercially successful