Hubungan Antara Gangguan Tidur Dengan Pertumbuhan Pada Anak Usia 3-6 Tahun Di Kota Semarang

Latar Belakang :Prevalensi gangguan pertumbuhan masih cukup besar. Salah satu faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan adalah faktor kelainan hormonal yang bisa dikarenakan oleh gangguan tidur. Sekitar 75% hormon pertumbuhan disintesis pada saat anak tidur, sehingga bila terjadi gangguan tidur pada anak maka hormon pertumbuhan akan terganggu. Tujuan : Menguji hubungan antara gangguan tidur dengan pertumbuhan pada anak usia 3-6 tahun di Kota Semarang.Metode : Penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross-sectional dilakukan pada periode Maret – Juni 2013.Subjek penelitian adalah orangtua anak yang memiliki anak berusia 3-6 tahun di beberapa TK/TPA dan PAUD di Kota Semarang. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan metode wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner SDSC serta pengukuran antropometri meliputi berat badan, tinggi badan, dan lingkar kepala pada anak. Uji statistik menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney.Hasil :Jumlah responden sebanyak 183 anak, terdiri atas 146 anak mengalami gangguan tidur. Dari hasil analisis didapatkan perbedaan bermakna pada rerata skor HAZ antara kelompok gangguan tidur dan tidak gangguan tidur(p=0,036). Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kedua kelompok pada rerata skor WAZ (p=0,244), Z-score IMT terhadap umur (p=0,855), dan Z-score lingkar kepala terhadap umur (p=0,389). Karakteristik data antara kedua kelompok menunjukkan perbedaanbermakna pada variabel usia, pendidikan terakhir ayah, dan status sosial ekonomi.Kesimpulan :Gangguan tidur pada anak berhubungan secara signifikan terhadap tinggi badan pada anak, namun tidak berhubungan secara signifikan pada berat badan, IMT, dan lingkar kepala pada anak

Pengaruh Perbedaan Umpan Dan Mata Pancing Terhadap Hasil Tangkapan Ikan Layur (Trichiurus SP) Di Palabuhanratu, Jawa Barat

The activity of hairtail fish catching is usually used handline. It\u27s because hairtail fish which caught by fishhook still in good and fresh condition, therefore it has high sale value. The purpose of the research was to analyzed the hairtail fish catching by the used of bait and the different size of fish hook then begin to analyzed the interaction between the used of fish hook barb and kinds of bait hairtail fish catching. The research was used experimental fishing methods which have 2 variabel which are bait and the size of fish hook barb with 4 treatmens (bait of tembang, bait of hairtail,the hook with number 8, the hook with number 10). Each experiment must be done with 10 time repeated. Data analysis is using normality test experiment and ANOVA test with SPSS 17.0. The result of test was showed the differences of tembang bait and hairtail bait influence to the amount of hairtail fish catching. The result of bait hairtail number 8 was 43 pieces, tembang bait number 8 is 24 pieces and tembang bait number 10 was 19 pieces. The ANOVA test was showed that the used of fishhook tools with hairtail bait combination and the size of fishhook number 8 is a better ones

The Development of Biotechnology's Learning Instruments Oriented Higher-order Thinking and the Utilization of Natural Resources Tunda's Island Potential

Science and technology learning should not just provide a collection of facts, laws and theories but rather is a process conducted by the students to acquire knowledge through interaction with the surrounding environment. The students are trained in scientific thinking critically, creatively and independently through active and meaningful learning process, for example by using the environment as a learning resource. This study aims to develop learning equipments oriented higher-order thinking skills (critical and creative) to explore the potential of biological resources of Tunda island, as a learning resource in the subject of Biotechnology. This study used research and development (R & D) method, which consists of the stages of analysis, design, validation and revision. Learning equipments that produced are RPS (lesson plans for 1 semester), the student worksheets (LKM), and evaluation (test) instruments. The results of the validation team of experts showed that the learning equipments are good categorized, with the values 77.14 for RPS, 85 for LKM, and 94 for instrument test. Criticisms and suggestions from the experts were used as the basis of revision, so that the learning equipments are eligible for learning

Investigation of the effect of flow rate on fluid heat transfer in counter-flow helical heat exchanger using CFD method

Heat exchangers are generally used in the process of heat transfer between two different fluids separated from each other by a solid wall in order to save time and reduce expenses. Fluids behavior change by adding a wire-insert in its path. To investigate heat transfer parameters, we need to simulate the whole system. In this study, heat transfer of counter-flow helical double pipe heat exchanger was modelled by using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in "Ansys CFX". The cold and hot fluids temperature were in the ranges of 10-20C° and 30-50C° respectively. The Reynolds number of flows were in the range of 4×103 to 42×103 and the process was singlephase. The model was eventually evaluated by experimental data after simulation. The results indicated that the model was able to interpret the experimental results with correlation coefficients of 0.98 and 0.97 for hot and cold streams respectively. Furthermore, the wire-insert installed to the cold flow path caused more fluid turbulence and increased the temperature difference of the cold fluid inlet and outlet proportional to the hot fluid

Obstetric near miss and deaths in public and private hospitals in Indonesia

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licens

Estas son algunas de las habilidades blandas demandadas en Colombia

Este producto forma parte de una serie de infografías de divulgación científica que buscan reseñar algunas de las investigaciones más importantes en las que ha tenido participación la Universidad EAFIT, publicadas en las revistas especializadas más prestigiosas del mund

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030