ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS PEMBANGUNAN HUNIAN PEDESAAN DENGAN KEARIFAN LOKAL “MAPALUS” DI KABUPATEN MINAHASA TENGGARA (Studi Kasus : Kecamatan Tombatu, Desa Liwutung, dan Desa Molompar)

Mapalus Rumah telah ada sejak lama dan hingga sekarang masyarakat sangat menghormati dan terikat secara tradisional dengan kearifan local ini. Mapalus Rumah menjadi faktor pendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi masyarakat khususnya di Kecamatan Tombatu, Desa Liwutung, dan Desa Molompar. Praktek Mapalus Rumah memberikan kontribusi positif dalam pengadaan rumah bagi masyarakat di perdesaan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui perbedaan factor-faktor yang mempengaruhi efektivitas pembangunan hunian mapalus dan non mapalus, mengetahui factor yang dominan dalam menentukan efektivitas pembanguna hunian mapalus dan non mapalus, dan mengetahui pola persebaran hunian akibat pembangunan hunian mapalus. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif, untuk menguji efektivitas pembangunan hunian mapalus dan non mapalus menggunakan metode distribusi frekuensi analisis Uji T  dengan bantuan software SPSS, dan analisis Spasial dengan bantuan ArcGIS dalam pemetaan pola persebaran hunian. Dari Hasil analisis Uji T dengan bantuan software SPSS menunjukkan bahwa  membangun secara mapalus lebih efektiv daripada membangun secara non mapalus di Kecamatan Tombatu.Dari hasil analisis perbedaan fakto-faktor yang mempengaruhi, factor waktu yang paling mempengaruhi pembangunan hunian mapalus sedangkan untuk pembangunan hunian non mapalus adalah factor keuangan. efektivitas dari pembangunan hunian mapalus berdampak pada pola sebaran secara spasial pada sebaran daripada bangunan hunian dimana terjadi penurunan density pada kepadatan bangunan dan pada kepadatan penduduk. menjadi pertimbangan untuk pemrintah dalam pembangunan hunian Karena hal ini memberikan kontribusi positif dalam pengadaan rumah bagi masyarakat pedesaan. Dalam kenyataan yang menggunakan dana apbn yang begitu besar dengan program subsidi tidak dapat dijangkau oleh masyrakat, sementara ada sesuatu yang dilakukan masyarakat dalam pembangunan dengan kearifan lokal mapalus yang berjalan tanpa ada dana alokasi apbn. masyarakat untuk terus mengembangkan dan mempertahankan pembangunan hunian mapalus untuk peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat Kata Kunci : Efektivitas, Hunian Mapalus, Uji T, Kabupaten Minahasa Tenggara

Permeation Fill-Tube Design for Inertial Confinement Fusion Target Capsules

A unique approach for permeation filling of nonpermeable inertial confinement fusion target capsules with deuterium— tritium (DT) is presented. This process uses a permeable capsule coupled into the final target capsule with a 0.03-mm-diameter fill tube. Leak free permeation filling of glow-discharge polymerization (GDP) targets using this method have been successfully demonstrated, as well as ice layering of the target, yielding an inner ice surface roughness of 1-µm rms (root mean square). Finally, the measured DT ice-thickness profile for this experiment was used to validate a thermal model’s prediction of the same thickness profile

Genetic background modifies amyloidosis in a mouse model of ATTR neuropathy

AbstractPenetrance and age of onset of ATTRV30M amyloidotic neuropathy varies significantly among different populations. This variability has been attributed to both genetic and environmental modifiers. We studied the effect of genetic background on phenotype in two lines of transgenic mice bearing the same ATTRV30M transgene. Amyloid deposition, transthyretin (TTR), megalin, clusterin and disease markers of endoplasmic reticulum stress, the ubiquitin-proteasome system, apoptosis, and complement activation were assessed with WB and immunohistochemistry in donor and recipient tissue. Our results indicate that genetic background modulates amyloid deposition by influencing TTR handling in recipient tissue and may partly account for the marked variability in penetrance observed in various world populations

Secondary phases and their influence on the composition of the kesterite phase in CZTS and CZTSe thin films

Secondary phases zinc sulfide selenide and copper sulfide in Cu2ZnSnS4 CZTS and Cu2ZnSnSe4 CZTSe thin film samples are investigated by X ray absorption near edge structure XANES analysis at the chalcogen K edges. Because of the formation of secondary phases the composition of the kesterite phase can deviate significantly from the total sample composition. For a large set of non stoichiometric samples we find that the cation ratios of the kesterite phase never exceed Zn Sn 1 even for Zn rich CZTS and CZTSe, with all excess Zn being contained in secondary phases. For CZTS the cation ratios are found to be additionally constrained by Cu Sn amp; 8804; 2, which means that Cu excess always leads to the formation of CuxS secondary phases. These results give clear bounds on the Cu rich and Zn rich sides of the single phase region in polycrystalline CZTS Se thin film

Low-dimensional perovskite nanoplatelet synthesis using in situ photophysical monitoring to establish controlled growth.

Perovskite nanoparticles have attracted the attention of research groups around the world for their impressive photophysical properties, facile synthesis and versatile surface chemistry. Here, we report a synthetic route that takes advantage of a suite of soluble precursors to generate CsPbBr3 perovskite nanoplatelets with fine control over size, thickness and optical properties. We demonstrate near unit cell precision, creating well characterized materials with sharp, narrow emission lines at 430, 460 and 490 nm corresponding to nanoplatelets that are 2, 4, and 6 unit cells thick, respectively. Nanoplatelets were characterized with optical spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy to explicitly correlate growth conditions, thickness and resulting photophysical properties. Detailed in situ photoluminescence spectroscopic studies were carried out to understand and optimize particle growth by correlating light emission with nanoplatelet growth across a range of synthetic conditions. It was found that nanoplatelet thickness and emission wavelength increase as the ratio of oleic acid to oleyl amine or the reaction temperature is increased. Using this information, we control the lateral size, width and corresponding emission wavelength of the desired nanoplatelets by modulating the temperature and ratios of the ligand

Earliest Olduvai hominins exploited unstable environments ~ 2 million years ago

Rapid environmental change is a catalyst for human evolution, driving dietary innovations, habitat diversification, and dispersal. However, there is a dearth of information to assess hominin adaptions to changing physiography during key evolutionary stages such as the early Pleistocene. Here we report a multiproxy dataset from Ewass Oldupa, in the Western Plio-Pleistocene rift basin of Olduvai Gorge (now Oldupai), Tanzania, to address this lacuna and offer an ecological perspective on human adaptability two million years ago. Oldupai’s earliest hominins sequentially inhabited the floodplains of sinuous channels, then river-influenced contexts, which now comprises the oldest palaeolake setting documented regionally. Early Oldowan tools reveal a homogenous technology to utilise diverse, rapidly changing environments that ranged from fern meadows to woodland mosaics, naturally burned landscapes, to lakeside woodland/palm groves as well as hyper-xeric steppes. Hominins periodically used emerging landscapes and disturbance biomes multiple times over 235,000 years, thus predating by more than 180,000 years the earliest known hominins and Oldowan industries from the Eastern side of the basin.Introduction Results - Stratigraphy and archaeology - Early Oldowan ecology at ~ 2 Ma Discussion Methods - Biomarkers - Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence - Excavation - Fauna - Mineral geochemistry - Phytolith analysis - Pollen and microcharcoal - Stable carbon and oxygen isotope analysis of faunal dental enamel - Stone tool

Computing at SuperB

Domenico Del Prete*, Fabrizio Bianchi, Vania Boccia, Vincenzo Ciaschini, Marco Corvo, Guglielmo De Nardo, Andrea Di Simone, Giacinto Donvito, Armando Fella, Paolo Franchini, Francesco Giacomini, Alberto Gianoli, Giuliano Laccetti, Stefano Longo, Steffen Luitz, Eleonora Luppi, Matteo Manzali, Leonardo Merola, Silvio Pardi, Alejandro Perez, Matteo Rama, Guido Russo, Bruno Santeramo, Roberto Stroili, Luca Tommasett

Expanding horizons of cross-linguistic research on reading: The Multilingual Eye-movement Corpus (MECO)

Scientific studies of language behavior need to grapple with a large diversity of languages in the world and, for reading, a further variability in writing systems. Yet, the ability to form meaningful theories of reading is contingent on the availability of cross-linguistic behavioral data. This paper offers new insights into aspects of reading behavior that are shared and those that vary systematically across languages through an investigation of eye-tracking data from 13 languages recorded during text reading. We begin with reporting a bibliometric analysis of eye-tracking studies showing that the current empirical base is insufficient for cross-linguistic comparisons. We respond to this empirical lacuna by presenting the Multilingual Eye-Movement Corpus (MECO), the product of an international multi-lab collaboration. We examine which behavioral indices differentiate between reading in written languages, and which measures are stable across languages. One of the findings is that readers of different languages vary considerably in their skipping rate (i.e., the likelihood of not fixating on a word even once) and that this variability is explained by cross-linguistic differences in word length distributions. In contrast, if readers do not skip a word, they tend to spend a similar average time viewing it. We outline the implications of these findings for theories of reading. We also describe prospective uses of the publicly available MECO data, and its further development plans

Text reading in English as a second language: Evidence from the Multilingual Eye-Movements Corpus

Research into second language (L2) reading is an exponentially growing field. Yet, it still has a relatively short supply of comparable, ecologically valid data from readers representing a variety of first languages (L1). This article addresses this need by presenting a new data resource called MECO L2 (Multilingual Eye Movements Corpus), a rich behavioral eye-tracking record of text reading in English as an L2 among 543 university student speakers of 12 different L1s. MECO L2 includes a test battery of component skills of reading and allows for a comparison of the participants' reading performance in their L1 and L2. This data resource enables innovative large-scale cross-sample analyses of predictors of L2 reading fluency and comprehension. We first introduce the design and structure of the MECO L2 resource, along with reliability estimates and basic descriptive analyses. Then, we illustrate the utility of MECO L2 by quantifying contributions of four sources to variability in L2 reading proficiency proposed in prior literature: reading fluency and comprehension in L1, proficiency in L2 component skills of reading, extralinguistic factors, and the L1 of the readers. Major findings included (a) a fundamental contrast between the determinants of L2 reading fluency versus comprehension accuracy, and (b) high within-participant consistency in the real-time strategy of reading in L1 and L2. We conclude by reviewing the implications of these findings to theories of L2 acquisition and outline further directions in which the new data resource may support L2 reading research