EU Patent System: to be or not to be?

This paper introduce a list of desirable efficiency properties that any a patent system should have in order to enhance innovation, trade competitiveness, employment mobility and economic growth. We briefly overview the literature on patents and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the present and recent proposals for the future of the European Union Patents System. In particular, we discuss the costinefficiencies observed in the current design of the EU Patent System based in a double structure layer divided in a central European Patent Office (EPO) and several nationalbased patent offices. This paper analyzes the likely backlashes of creating a third layer for a subâ€sample of EU countries. The paper suggests an alternative more efficient Patent System together with some policy implications.Innovation, Patents, Knowledge spillovers, Common European patent, Welfare losses, Patents’ languages, Cultural proximity, Competitive trade

Combined analysis of the decays τ−→KSπ−ντ\tau^-\to K_S\pi^-\nu_\tau and τ−→K−ηντ\tau^-\to K^-\eta\nu_\tau

In a combined study of the decay spectra of $\tau^-\to K_S\pi^-\nu_\tau$ and $\tau^-\to K^-\eta\nu_\tau$ decays within a dispersive representation of the required form factors, we illustrate how the $K^*(1410)$ resonance parameters, defined through the pole position in the complex plane, can be extracted with improved precision as compared to previous studies. While we obtain a substantial improvement in the mass, the uncertainty in the width is only slightly reduced, with the findings $M_{K^{*\prime}}=1304 \pm 17\,$MeV and $\Gamma_{K^{*\prime}} = 171 \pm 62\,$MeV. Further constraints on the width could result from updated analyses of the $K\pi$ and/or $K\eta$ spectra using the full Belle-I data sample. Prospects for Belle-II are also discussed. As the $K^-\pi^0$ vector form factor enters the description of the decay $\tau^-\to K^-\eta\nu_\tau$, we are in a position to investigate isospin violations in its parameters like the form factor slopes. In this respect also making available the spectrum of the transition $\tau^-\to K^-\pi^0\nu_\tau$ would be extremely useful, as it would allow to study those isospin violations with much higher precision.Comment: 20 pages, 1figur

Reassessment of intensity estimates from vulnerability and damage distributions: the 2011 Lorca earthquake

This paper presents a reassessment of the seismic intensity estimated for the 2011 Lorca (southeastern Spain) earthquake based on detailed vulnerability data and its comparison with the observed damage. Building and urban data are gathered in selected areas during a field campaign and are completed with office work. The significance of vulnerability modifiers in the final vulnerability distribution is analyzed, and their relation with observed damage trends is explored. A direct application of the vulnerability modifiers is not capable of reproducing the observed damage patterns. A significant increase of vulnerability related to the performance of buildings presenting soft story is required to reach a damage distribution consistent with intensity estimates in the study areas. Accordingly, an intensity increase in certain study zones (as compared to other areas of the city of Lorca) is suggested. Although the approach followed in this study is applied in a city of Spain, it can be extrapolated to other areas where detailed vulnerability assessment is feasible and damage data are available

Searching For Anomalous τνW\tau \nu W Couplings

The capability of current and future measurements at low and high energy $e^+e^-$ colliders to probe for the existence of anomalous, CP conserving, $\tau \nu W$ dipole moment-type couplings is examined. At present, constraints on the universality of the tau charged and neutral current interactions as well as the shape of the $\tau \to \ell$ energy spectrum provide the strongest bounds on such anomalous couplings. The presence of these dipole moments are shown to influence, e.g., the extraction of $\alpha_s(m_\tau^2)$ from $\tau$ decays and can lead to apparent violations of CVC expectations.Comment: 24 pages, 9 figure

Large N(c′)_(c'), chiral approach to M(n′)_(n') at finite temperature

We study the temperature dependence of the eta and eta[prime] meson masses within the framework of U(3)L×U(3)R chiral perturbation theory, up to next-to-leading order in a simultaneous expansion in momenta, quark masses and number of colors. We find that both masses decrease at low temperatures, but only very slightly. We analyze higher order corrections and argue that large Nc suggests a discontinuous drop of Meta[prime] at the critical temperature of deconfinement Tc, consistent with a first order transition to a phase with approximate U(1)A symmetry

Resección de la primera fila del carpo: indicaciones y resultados

La resección de la primera fila del carpo (RPC) es un conocido procedimiento para conservar la función en muñecas afectadas por procesos degenerativos de la articulación radiocarpiana. En el presente trabajo nuestra experiencia con este tipo de intervención. Material y Métodos: Análisis retrospectivo de pacientes intervenidos en nuestro centro mediante RPC. Se valoraron: datos demográficos, dolor, movilidad y fuerza, y evolución radiológica tras la cirugía. Resultados: 1 pacientes de edad media 58 años, con seguimiento medio de 16 meses. Tras la RPC se observó mejoría del arco de movilidad de la muñeca y de la fuerza de prensión. Cuatro pacientes no tenían dolor. Seis pacientes pudieron reincorporarse a su trabajo. Un paciente evolucionó con rigidez y artrosis radio-hueso grande, que precisó artrodesis al año y medio de la cirugía. Conclusiones: La PRC es una buena intervención para el tratamiento de la artrosis evolucionada de la muñeca.Proximal Row Carpectomy (PRC) is a recognised procedure to preserve motion for wrists which are affected by degenerative diseases at the radiocarpal joint. Material and Methods: Retrospective review of patients subjected to a PRC in our Institution. Demographic data, pain, mobility and grip force, and radiologic evolution before and after surgery were determined. Results: Seven patients, with an average age of 58 years-old. Average follow-up of 16 months. After PRC there was an improvement of mobility and grip force. Four of the seven patients were pain-free. Six patients were able to return to work. One patient developed arthritis of the wrist, being subjected to a wrist arthrodesis one year after surgery. Results: PRC is a good intervention for advanced arthritis of the radiocarpal joint

Introduction: latest advancements in audiovisual translation education

The consumption of audiovisual content, from the more traditional animations, documentaries, movies, and TV shows to the more recent online user-generated content found on social media platforms, including video games, has grown exponentially over the last few decades. The omnipresence of screens in society has led to transformations in audiences’ watching habits, now impatient to enjoy their programmes as soon as possible and inclined to binge watch. Recent technological advances in the production of specialist audiovisual translation (AVT) software and web-based applications have paved the way for further changes and enhancements in the ways professionals localise audiovisual content and in the nature of the services provided. This special issue sheds light on the current teaching and learning practices, methodologies and issues encountered by translator trainers specialised in AVT, with particular emphasis on pedagogical innovation, media accessibility, and translation technology

Características morfológicas y sedimentarias de la playa artificial de Poniente (Gijón. Asturias). Evolución 1995-2004

La playa arenosa de Poniente, construida como una playa confinada entre diques artificiales, ha evolucionado como una playa reflejante, caracterizada por el desarrollo de una barra supramareal en los 2/3 centrales de la playa y un frente inter-supraniareal de cierta pendiente, suavizado hacia los extremos laterales, el occidental más protegido. Asimismo, los vientos del NE y NO han generado campos de dunas en ambos extremos de la playa, disminuyendo el espacio original a medida que el oleaje ha removilizado las áreas más interna

Subtitlers on the Cloud: The Use of Professional Web-based Systems in Subtitling Practice and Training

The bourgeoning and rapid evolution of cloud-based applications has triggered profound transformations in the audiovisual translation (AVT) mediascape. By drawing attention to the major changes that webbased ecosystems have introduced in localisation workflows, we set out to outline ways in which these new technological advances can be embedded in the AVT classroom. Along these lines, the present study sets out to explore the potential benefits of cloud platforms in AVT training curricula by exploring ways in which this technology can be exploited in subtitling training. An analysis of current subtitling practices and tools, localisation workflows, and in-demand skills in the AVT industry will be followed by an experience-based account on the use of cloud-based platforms in subtitler training environments to simulate and carry out a wide range of tasks. Our study pivots around the idea that cloud subtitling might prove useful to bridge the technological gap between academic institutions and the profession as well as to enhance the distance-learning provision of practice-oriented training in subtitling