91 research outputs found
Explanation of colon cancer pathophysiology through analyzing the disrupted homeostasis of bile acids
Background: The colon plays a key role in regulating the homeostasis of bile acids.Aim: The present study aims to evaluate the influence of colon cancer towards the homeostasis of bile acids.Methods: The free and conjugated bile acids were determined using ultraperformance LC (UPLC) coupled with ABI 4000 QTRAP triple quadrupole instruments.Results: The results showed that the free bile acids in serum of patients with colon cancers tend to increase, and the conjugated bile acids tended to decrease, especially for taurolithocholate (TLCA) (p<0.001).Conclusion: The alteration of bile acids balance in colon cancers indicated the possibility of complicated diseases due to the disrupted balance of bile acids.Keywords: Colon cancer, free bile acids, conjugated bile acid
Aid conditionalities, international Good Manufacturing Practice standards and local production rights: a case study of local production in Nepal
© 2015 Brhlikova et al. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,
provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://
creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.This work was supported by the Economic and Social Research Council and
the Department for International Development [RES-167-25-0110] through
the collaborative research project
Tracing Pharmaceuticals in South Asia
(2006
–
2009). In addition to the authors of this paper, the project team
included: Soumita Basu, Gitanjali Priti Bhatia, Erin Court, Abhijit Das, Stefan
Ecks, Patricia Jeffery, Roger Jeffery, Rachel Manners, and Liz Richardson.
Martin Chautari (Kathmandu) and the Centre for Health and Social Justice
(New Delhi) provided resources drawn upon in writing this paper but are
not responsible for the views expressed, nor are ESRC or DFID.
Ethical review was provided by the School of Social and Political Science at
the University of Edinburgh, and ethical approval in Nepal for the study
granted by the Nepal Health Research Council (NHRC)
Does Women's Preference for Highbrow Leisure Begin in the Family? Comparing Leisure Participation among Brothers and Sisters
Bone Mineral Changes in Spine and Proximal Femur in Individual Obese Women after Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Short-Term Study
Correlates of experimentation with smoking and current cigarette consumption among adolescents
Analysis of the transcriptional responses in inflorescence buds of Jatropha curcasexposed to cytokinin treatment
Does salary affect the choice of residency in non-university teaching hospitals? A panel analysis of Japan Residency Matching Programme data
Prevalence of Staphylococcus spp. nasal colonization among doctors of podiatric medicine and associated risk factors in Spain
Consistent patterns of common species across tropical tree communities
Trees structure the Earth’s most biodiverse ecosystem, tropical forests. The vast number of tree species presents a formidable challenge to understanding these forests, including their response to environmental change, as very little is known about most tropical tree species. A focus on the common species may circumvent this challenge. Here we investigate abundance patterns of common tree species using inventory data on 1,003,805 trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm across 1,568 locations1,2,3,4,5,6 in closed-canopy, structurally intact old-growth tropical forests in Africa, Amazonia and Southeast Asia. We estimate that 2.2%, 2.2% and 2.3% of species comprise 50% of the tropical trees in these regions, respectively. Extrapolating across all closed-canopy tropical forests, we estimate that just 1,053 species comprise half of Earth’s 800 billion tropical trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm. Despite differing biogeographic, climatic and anthropogenic histories7, we find notably consistent patterns of common species and species abundance distributions across the continents. This suggests that fundamental mechanisms of tree community assembly may apply to all tropical forests. Resampling analyses show that the most common species are likely to belong to a manageable list of known species, enabling targeted efforts to understand their ecology. Although they do not detract from the importance of rare species, our results open new opportunities to understand the world’s most diverse forests, including modelling their response to environmental change, by focusing on the common species that constitute the majority of their trees
Consistent patterns of common species across tropical tree communities
Trees structure the Earth's most biodiverse ecosystem, tropical forests. The vast number of tree species presents a formidable challenge to understanding these forests, including their response to environmental change, as very little is known about most tropical tree species. A focus on the common species may circumvent this challenge. Here we investigate abundance patterns of common tree species using inventory data on 1,003,805 trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm across 1,568 locations1-6 in closed-canopy, structurally intact old-growth tropical forests in Africa, Amazonia and Southeast Asia. We estimate that 2.2%, 2.2% and 2.3% of species comprise 50% of the tropical trees in these regions, respectively. Extrapolating across all closed-canopy tropical forests, we estimate that just 1,053 species comprise half of Earth's 800 billion tropical trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm. Despite differing biogeographic, climatic and anthropogenic histories7, we find notably consistent patterns of common species and species abundance distributions across the continents. This suggests that fundamental mechanisms of tree community assembly may apply to all tropical forests. Resampling analyses show that the most common species are likely to belong to a manageable list of known species, enabling targeted efforts to understand their ecology. Although they do not detract from the importance of rare species, our results open new opportunities to understand the world's most diverse forests, including modelling their response to environmental change, by focusing on the common species that constitute the majority of their trees
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