886 research outputs found

    Regional determinants of low carbon transition in Russian companies: the impact of human capital and digitalization on corporate carbon management practices

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    Objective. The purpose of this article is to identify the regional determinants of the low carbon transition in Russian companies. These determinants are related to human capital and digital technologies development in local economic ecosystems.Methods. The study relies on linear regression methods and examines the impact of education, wages, the use of the broadband Internet, cloud technologies and ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) systems in Russian regions on companies’ motivation to manage their carbon dioxide emissions.Results. The results show that human capital has an ambiguous effect on the behavior of companies that support the low carbon transition. On the contrary, the digitalization of regions is significantly and positively associated with the implementation of environmental and energy management practices in Russian companies, especially among service companies.  Conclusion. Low carbon transition is becoming an essential component of the national development strategy, as climate resilience issues directly affect the economic performance of production systems. The study considers two types of factors that influence the implementation of management practices for the low-carbon transition: these are human capital and the digitalization of regions

    Інформативні показники функціональної і рухової підготовленості студентів вищих навчальних закладів

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    The study objective was to determine informative indicators of functional and motor fitness of 1st-5th year students. Materials and methods. The study involved male students of 1st year (n = 67), 2nd year (n = 66), 3rd year (n = 62), 4th year (n = 45), 5th year (n = 56). The following research methods were used to solve the tasks set: analysis of scientific literature, pedagogical observation, pedagogical testing; index method and medical-biological methods. Pedagogical methods were used to study the peculiarities of functional state of the body and motor abilities of 1st-5th year students of higher education institutions; factor analysis was used for data processing. Results. By the Ruffier index, the 1st-2nd year students have an average heart performance. The 3rd-5th year students have a satisfactory heart performance. By the results of the Stange and Genci tests, the 1st-5th year students are evaluated as healthy and fit. According to the Romberg test, the 1st and 5th year students show higher results than the 2nd, 3rd and 4th year students (p < 0.001; p < 0.001; p < 0.006, respectively). The 3rd year students have the lowest results. The test results are estimated as lower than normal. Conclusions. The analysis of motor and functional fitness of the 1st-5th year students showed that the first factor in their structure is the functional state of the respiratory system, the second factor is speed strength and strength fitness. The most informative tests are: 1st year – the Stange test (0.822) and Genci test (0.741); 2nd year – the Genci test (0.758), the Rufier index has the lowest informativity (0.11); 3rd year – “Standing long jump” (0.741) and the Genci test (0.723); 4th year – the Stange test (0.927) and Genci test (0.810); 5th year – the Stange test (0.799).Цель исследования — определить информативные показатели функциональной и двигательной подготовленности студентов 1–5 курсов. Материалы и методы. В исследовании приняли участие мужчины первого (n = 67), второго (n = 66), третьего (n = 62), четвертого (n = 45), пятого (n = 56) курсов. Для решения задач были применены следующие методы исследования: анализ научной литературы, педагогическое наблюдение, педагогическое тестирование; метод индексов и медико-биологические методы. Педагогические методы использованы для изучения особенностей функционального состояния организма и двигательных способностей у студентов 1–5 курсов высших учебных заведений; для обработки данных — факторный анализ. Результаты. По индексу Руфье студенты 1–2 курсов оцениваются как имеющие средний уровень работоспособности сердца. Студенты 3–5 курсов имеют удовлетворительный уровень работоспособности сердца. По показателям проб Штанге и Генчи студенты 1–5 курсов оцениваются как здоровые тренированные. По показателям пробы Ромберга более высокие результаты показывают студенты первого и пятого курса чем студенты второго, третьего и четвертого курсов (p < 0,001; p < 0,001; p < 0,006 соответственно). Самые низкие результаты у студентов третьего курса. Результаты пробы оцениваются как такие, что ниже нормы. Выводы. Анализ двигательной и функциональной подготовленности студентов 1–5 курсов позволил определить, что в их структуре первым фактором является функциональное состояние дыхательной системы, вторым — скоростно-силовая и силовая подготовленность. Самую высокую информативность имеют: 1 курс — пробы Штанге (0,822) и Генчи (0,741); 2 курс — проба Генчи (0,758) самую низкую индекс Руфье (0,11); 3 курс — «Прыжок в длину с места» (0,741) и проба Генчи (0,723); 4 курс — пробы Штанге (0,927) и Генчи (0,810); 5 курс — проба Штанге (0,799).  Мета дослідження — визначити інформативні показники функціональної і рухової підготовленості студентів 1–5-го курсів. Матеріали та методи. У дослідженні взяли участь чоловіки першого (n = 67), другого (n = 66), третього (n = 62), четвертого (n = 45), п’ятого (n = 56) курсу. Для вирішення завдань були застосовані такі методи дослідження: аналіз наукової літератури, педагогічне спостереження, педагогічне тестування; метод індексів та медико-біологічні методи. Педагогічні методи використані для вивчення особливостей функціонального стану організму та рухових здібностей у студентів 1–5-го курсів вищих навчальних закладів; для обробки даних – факторний аналіз. Результати. За індексом Руф’є студенти 1–2 курсів оцінюються як такі, що мають середній рівень працездатності серця. Студенти 3–5 курсів мають задовільний рівень працездатності серця. За показниками проб Штанге і Генчі студенти 1–5 курсів оцінюються як здорові треновані. За показниками проби Ромберга вищі результати показують студенти першого і п’ятого курсу ніж студенти другого, третього і четвертого курсів (p < 0,001; p < 0,001; p < 0,006 відповідно). Найнижчі результати у студентів третього курсу. Результати проби оцінюються як такі, що нижче норми.  Висновки. Аналіз рухової і функціональної підготовленості студентів 1–5 курсів дозволив визначити, що в їх структурі першим фактором є функціональний стан дихальної системи, другим  — швидкісна силова і силова підготовленість. Найвищу інформативність мають: 1 курс – проби Штанге (0,822) та Генчі (0,741); 2 курс — проба Генчі (0,758) найнижчу індекс Руф’є (0,11); 3 курс — «Стрибок у довжину з місця» (0,741) та проба Генчі (0,723); 4 курс — проби Штанге (0,927) та Генчі (0,810); 5 курс — проба Штанге (0,799)

    Strongly nonlinear dynamics of electrolytes in large ac voltages

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    We study the response of a model micro-electrochemical cell to a large ac voltage of frequency comparable to the inverse cell relaxation time. To bring out the basic physics, we consider the simplest possible model of a symmetric binary electrolyte confined between parallel-plate blocking electrodes, ignoring any transverse instability or fluid flow. We analyze the resulting one-dimensional problem by matched asymptotic expansions in the limit of thin double layers and extend previous work into the strongly nonlinear regime, which is characterized by two novel features - significant salt depletion in the electrolyte near the electrodes and, at very large voltage, the breakdown of the quasi-equilibrium structure of the double layers. The former leads to the prediction of "ac capacitive desalination", since there is a time-averaged transfer of salt from the bulk to the double layers, via oscillating diffusion layers. The latter is associated with transient diffusion limitation, which drives the formation and collapse of space-charge layers, even in the absence of any net Faradaic current through the cell. We also predict that steric effects of finite ion sizes (going beyond dilute solution theory) act to suppress the strongly nonlinear regime in the limit of concentrated electrolytes, ionic liquids and molten salts. Beyond the model problem, our reduced equations for thin double layers, based on uniformly valid matched asymptotic expansions, provide a useful mathematical framework to describe additional nonlinear responses to large ac voltages, such as Faradaic reactions, electro-osmotic instabilities, and induced-charge electrokinetic phenomena.Comment: 30 pages, 17 eps-figures, RevTe

    Formation of memristor structures based on ZnO thin films by scratching probe nanolithography

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    This work was supported by Grant of the President of the Russian Federation No. MK-2721.2018.8. and by RFBR according to the research project № 18-37-0029

    Novel Scintillation Material - ZnO Transparent Ceramics

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    ZnO-based scintillation ceramics for application in HENPA LENPA analyzers have been investigated. The following ceramic samples have been prepared: undoped ones (ZnO), an excess of zinc in stoichiometry (ZnO:Zn), doped with gallium (ZnO:Ga) and lithium (ZnO:Li). Optical transmission, x-ray excited emission, scintillation decay and pulse height spectra were measured and analyzed. Ceramics have reasonable transparency in visible range (up to 60% for 0.4 mm thickness) and energy resolution (14.9% at 662 keV Cs137 gamma excitation). Undoped ZnO shows slow (1.6 {\mu}s) luminescence with maximum at 2.37 eV and light yield about 57% of CsI:Tl. ZnO:Ga ceramics show relatively low light yield with ultra fast decay time (1 ns). Lithium doped ceramics ZnO:Li have better decay time than undoped ZnO with fair light yield. ZnO:Li ceramics show good characteristics under alpha-particle excitation and can be applied for the neutral particle analyzers.Comment: 4 pages, 8 figures, research covered in this paper was presented at SCINT2011 conference as a poster, submitted for publication at IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sc

    Influence of intermartensitic transitions on transport properties of Ni2.16Mn0.84Ga alloy

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    Magnetic, transport, and x-ray diffraction measurements of ferromagnetic shape memory alloy Ni2.16_{2.16}Mn0.84_{0.84}Ga revealed that this alloy undergoes an intermartensitic transition upon cooling, whereas no such a transition is observed upon subsequent heating. The difference in the modulation of the martensite forming upon cooling from the high-temperature austenitic state [5-layered (5M) martensite], and the martensite forming upon the intermartensitic transition [7-layered (7M) martensite] strongly affects the magnetic and transport properties of the alloy and results in a large thermal hysteresis of the resistivity ρ\rho and magnetization MM. The intermartensitic transition has an especially marked influence on the transport properties, as is evident from a large difference in the resistivity of the 5M and 7M martensite, (ρ5Mρ7M)/ρ5M15(\rho_{\mathrm{5M}} - \rho_{\mathrm{7M}})/\rho _{\mathrm{5M}} \approx 15%, which is larger than the jump of resistivity at the martensitic transition from the cubic austenitic phase to the monoclinic 5M martensitic phase. We assume that this significant difference in ρ\rho between the martensitic phases is accounted for by nesting features of the Fermi surface. It is also suggested that the nesting hypothesis can explain the uncommon behavior of the resistivity at the martensitic transition, observed in stoichiometric and near-stoichiometric Ni-Mn-Ga alloys.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, REVTEX

    Formation of social and occupational youth mobility in project activities

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    The article introduces an experience of forming social and occupational mobility of students at pedagogical University during the project activityРассматривается опыт формирования социально-профессиональной мобильности студентов педагогического вуза в процессе проектной деятельност

    SCIENTIFIC AND APPLIED ASPECTS OF FERROMAGNETIC SHAPE MEMORY ALLOYS

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    The underlying mechanisms responsible for the giant magnetic or mechanical field-induced-strains in the Ni- Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloys are briefly discussed. The fundamental aspect is illustrated by experimental data related to the lattice instability and composition dependence of magnetization alongside literature results. An implementation of Ni-Mn-Ga single crystal as a strain sensor is described
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