Problem off the learned helplessness generalization: Treatment task effect

This study reports the generalization level of the interferance effect resulting from exposure to different tasks in the learned helplessness training phase. Sixty university students received different training conditions during Learned Helplessness training phase. These conditions were maze task (insoluble/soluble), object assembly task (insoluble) and;mixed task (insoluble/soluble three maze + three object assembly). Results showed that subjects having unsolvable maze task tend to have more behavioral deficit in the test phase (PM-C) than the other experimental groups. Cognitive factors such as causal explanatory style and expectancy of success were assessed at the end of the learned helplessness training phase. Results showed Mat there is no effect of the experimental manipulations on these cognitive factors

Effect of inescapable tones on behavioral despair in Wistar rats

The present experiment investigated the potentially differential effects of presenting inescapable tones with progressively increasing or decreasing durations on performance in behavioral despair, an animal model of depression based on two forced swim tests. Groups of female Wistar rats (n = 8 each) were exposed to 60 inescapable tones (2000 H-z, 120 dB) either in a series of increasing or decreasing durations. Duration of tone exposure was incrementally increased (from 1 to 10 s) or decreased (from 10 to 1 s) by I s every six trials. A third group (n = 8) was kept in the experimental chamber for a similar period but not exposed to tones. Animals were exposed to a 15 min forced swim test a day after tone (or control) treatment, followed by a 5 min swim test 24 It later. Analyses were done on diving, jumping, head shakes, duration and time of onset of immobility for the two swim tests. Compared to controls, animals that received tone exposure displayed greater immobility in the second swim test, indicating aggravation of behavioral despair due to inescapable tones. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Workrelated risks and health problems of working children in urban Istanbul, Turkey

The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to identify the work-related risks and health problems of working children. The sample included 167 working boys. These boys were chosen from schools giving occupational education in the industrial part of Istanbul. A questionnaire and worksite assessment checklists, developed by the researchers, were used as data gathering tools. Data were collected from the boys' schools and workplaces. From this data, it was found that 24.6% of the boys were jewelers, 32.3% were car mechanics and 43.1% were hairdressers. Findings revealed that 30.5% of the boys, who were engaged in child labor, were poor and dropped out of school to assist their families. Boys, whose mean age was 17.6 +/- 1.2, had been working since they were 13 yr old. The boys were also found to work 66.4 h a week, which was an unexpectedly high result considering the 35 hours limitation set by the laws of Turkey for working children. As for work-related risks, chemical risks for boys working as hairdressers (p < 0.01), and using sharp tools and accidents for boys working as car mechanics were more common than the other groups (p < 0.001, p < 0.001). Boys working as hairdressers mostly had respiratory system problems, skin problems, and headache (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001). Those working as car mechanics had nose/throat problems, and musculoskeletal system problems (p < 0.001, p < 0.01). Among those working as jewelers, eye-related problems were common (p < 0.001). It was concluded from the findings of the present study that child labor creates an unhealthy environment for children

The Influence of Skill Development Training Program for Spiritual Care of Elderly Individual on Elderly Care Technician Students' Perception of Spiritual Support

PMID = 2712970

Pertussis; still a clinical diagnosis

Pertussis is an acute, contagious respiratory infection characterized by paroxysmal coughing episodes. The most important and severe complication in infants is respiratory failure due to pneumonia. We report the case of a 3-month-old infant without any immunization who presented with cough, whooping and cyanosis, and developed pneumonia on the second day and a leukemoid reaction on the sixth day of admission. The relation between pneumonia and mortality, especially in infants, and the prognostic impact of a leukemoid reaction are emphasized

Oleuropein alleviates malathion-induced oxidative stress and DNA damage in rats

The effects of acute exposure to 250 mg/kg malathion and the protective effects of 20 mg/kg oleuropein, both administered intraperitoneally, were evaluated in Wistar male rats. Malathion administration increased malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, 8-hydroxy-2?-deoxyguanosine, total oxidant status, and DNA damage, yet decreased total antioxidant activity, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities in blood, liver, and kidney. Administration of oleuropein reversed malathion-induced oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, and antioxidant enzyme activity. © 2015 Taylor & Francis

Human recombinant anti-La (SS-B) autoantibodies demonstrate the accumulation of phosphoserine-366-containing la isoforms in nucleoplasmic speckles.

Using the recombinant La (SS-B) protein or a phosphorylated peptide derived thereof 27 La-specific human recombinant autoantibodies were selected from anti-La-positive systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis patient-derived combinatorial phage display antibody libraries. Binding of these anti-La antibodies to various isoforms of the La protein present in normal and apoptotic cell extracts was analysed by Western blotting. Twenty-four of the selected antibodies recognize most, if not all isoforms of La, whereas three are exclusively reactive with the protein phosphorylated at serine-366. Sequence analysis of the selected antibodies showed a restricted spectrum of diversity in their VH germline gene usage. Remarkably, the recombinant antibodies recognizing exclusively the phosphoserine-366-containing isoform of La displayed a spleckled nucleoplasmic staining pattern in immunofluorescence analysis of HeLa and HEp-2 cells. This pattern differed markedly from those obtained with anti-La antibodies recognizing all isoforms of the La protein. Colocalization experiments with marker antibodies for spliceosomal UsnRNPs and RNA polymerase III subunits revealed that the anti-phosphorylated La antibodies stain the same nucleoplasmic speckles as anti-UsnRNP antibodies. In contrast to anti-UsnRNP antibodies the anti-phosphorylated La antibodies did not stain the Cajal bodies. In addition, no colocalization of phosphorylated La with RNA polymerase III was observed. Potential functional implications of the accumulation of phosphorylated La in nucleoplasmic speckles are discussed