Epidemiology of schistosomiasis mansoni in a low endemic area

We discuss the epidemiological patterns of schistosomiasis mansoni in areas with low transmission in Brazil. We define as areas of low endemicity those where the prevalence is less than 10%, the number Schistosoma mansoni eggs per gram of feces (epg) is less than 96, and carriers are asymptomatic. Data are from the county of Pedro de Toledo in the Ribeira Valley (São Paulo State) and were collected randomly according to the aggregate pattern of S. mansoni within the hosts. We suggest the replacement of parasitological methods by more sensitive and specific serological techniques. The main risk factor for infection is type of leisure activity. Infection is more frequent in the 10-14, 15-19, and 20-24-year age brackets. Geometric mean epg is 58.5. Intensity of infections correlates well (rs = 0.745) with prevalence. The highest index of potential contamination is in the 5-20-year age bracket (57.6%). Autochthonous cases show close association with Biomphalaria tenagophila, which has a low infection rate (2%). Prevalence, incidence, and intensity of infection patterns are similar to those of moderate and high endemic areas. Social and cultural aspects must be studied in order to obtain a global epidemiological view of schistosomiasis.Discutem se padrões epidemiológicos da esquistossomos mansônica em áreas brasileiras de baixa endemicidade que possuem prevalência inferior a 10%, menos de 96 ovos por grama de fezes (epg) e onde os infectados são assintomáticos. Apresentam-se dados do município de Pedro de Toledo (Vale do Ribeira, SP) área de baixa endemicidade cujos resultados foram obtidos de amostragem aleatória devida à agregação de Schistosoma mansoni. Sugere-se substituição de métodos parasitológicos por técnicas sorológicas com maiores sensibilidade e especificidade. O principal fator de risco é o lazer. A infecção predomina nos grupos etários de 10-14, 15-19 e 20-24. A intensidade de infecção foi baixa, com 58,5 epg (média geométrica). Há boa correlação (rs = 0,745) entre intensidade de infecção e prevalência. Os mais altos índices de potencial de contaminação ocorreram nas idades de 5 a 20 anos (57,6%). Os casos autóctones mantêm íntimo contato com Biomphalaria tenagophila, com infecção inferior a 2%. Os padrões de prevalência, de incidência e de intensidade de infecção são semelhantes aos de áreas de moderada e alta endemicidade. Questões sócio-culturais merecem estudo para visão global da epidemiologia.S254S26

New insights into the genetic diversity of Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobiumin Yemen

The file attached is the Published/publisher’s pdf version of the article.© 2015 Sady et al. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated

Estas son algunas de las habilidades blandas demandadas en Colombia

Este producto forma parte de una serie de infografías de divulgación científica que buscan reseñar algunas de las investigaciones más importantes en las que ha tenido participación la Universidad EAFIT, publicadas en las revistas especializadas más prestigiosas del mund