1,287 research outputs found
International Law - Federal Jurisdiction - Arising under Clause - Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act of 1976
The Supreme Court of the United States has held that in cases where a foreign plaintiff brings suit against a foreign sovereign under the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act of 1976 federal courts may constitutionally exercise jurisidiction [sic] under article III of the United States Constitution.
Verlinden B. V. v. Central Bank of Nigeria, 103 S. Ct. 1962 (1983)
Credit risk premia and quadratic BSDEs with a single jump
This paper is concerned with the determination of credit risk premia of
defaultable contingent claims by means of indifference valuation principles.
Assuming exponential utility preferences we derive representations of
indifference premia of credit risk in terms of solutions of Backward Stochastic
Differential Equations (BSDE). The class of BSDEs needed for that
representation allows for quadratic growth generators and jumps at random
times. Since the existence and uniqueness theory for this class of BSDEs has
not yet been developed to the required generality, the first part of the paper
is devoted to fill that gap. By using a simple constructive algorithm, and
known results on continuous quadratic BSDEs, we provide sufficient conditions
for the existence and uniqueness of quadratic BSDEs with discontinuities at
random times
Random Time Forward Starting Options
We introduce a natural generalization of the forward-starting options, first
discussed by M. Rubinstein. The main feature of the contract presented here is
that the strike-determination time is not fixed ex-ante, but allowed to be
random, usually related to the occurrence of some event, either of financial
nature or not. We will call these options {\bf Random Time Forward Starting
(RTFS)}. We show that, under an appropriate "martingale preserving" hypothesis,
we can exhibit arbitrage free prices, which can be explicitly computed in many
classical market models, at least under independence between the random time
and the assets' prices. Practical implementations of the pricing methodologies
are also provided. Finally a credit value adjustment formula for these OTC
options is computed for the unilateral counterparty credit risk.Comment: 19 pages, 1 figur
Extreme times for volatility processes
We present a detailed study on the mean first-passage time of volatility
processes. We analyze the theoretical expressions based on the most common
stochastic volatility models along with empirical results extracted from daily
data of major financial indices. We find in all these data sets a very similar
behavior that is far from being that of a simple Wiener process. It seems
necessary to include a framework like the one provided by stochastic volatility
models with a reverting force driving volatility toward its normal level to
take into account memory and clustering effects in volatility dynamics. We also
detect in data a very different behavior in the mean first-passage time
depending whether the level is higher or lower than the normal level of
volatility. For this reason, we discuss asymptotic approximations and confront
them to empirical results with a good agreement, specially with the ExpOU
model.Comment: 10, 6 colored figure
Letter to the Editor Concerning “Does Erector Spinae Plane Block Decrease Analgesia Requirements after Minimal-Invasive Posterior Transpedicular Stabilization in Patients with Vertebral Body Fracture?”
Generalised risk-sensitive control with full and partial state observation
This paper generalises the risk-sensitive cost functional by introducing noise dependent penalties on the state and control variables. The optimal control problems for the full and partial state observation are considered. Using a change of probability measure approach, explicit closed-form solutions are found in both cases. This has resulted in a new risk-sensitive regulator and filter, which are generalisations of the well-known classical results
Structural and magnetic properties of isovalently substituted multiferroic BiFeO3: Insights from Raman spectroscopy
Raman spectra, supplemented by powder x-ray diffraction and magnetization data of isovalently A- and B-site substituted BiFeO3 in the Bi1−xLaxFeO3 (0≤x≤1), Bi1−xTbxFeO3 (0≤x≤0.2), and Bi0.9Sm0.1Fe1−xMnxO3 (0≤x≤0.3) series, are presented. A good agreement between the structural transitions observed by x-ray diffraction and the vibrational modes observed in the Raman spectra is found over the whole substitutional ranges, and in particular we find spectroscopic signatures of a PbZrO3-type structure for Bi0.8La0.2FeO3. Mode assignments in the substituted materials are made based on Raman spectra of the end-members BiFeO3 and LaFeO3. Moreover, by comparing spectra from all samples with R3c structure, the phonon assignment in BiFeO3 is revisited. A close connection between the degree of octahedral tilt and the Raman shift of the A1 oxygen a−a−a− tilt mode is established. An explanation for the strong second-order scattering observed in Bi1−xLaxFeO3 and Bi1−xTbxFeO3 is suggested, including the assignment of the previously mysterious BiFeO3 mode at 620 cm−1. Finally, the magnetization data indicates a transition from a cycloidal modulated state towards a canted antiferromagnet with increasing A-site substitution, while Bi0.9Sm0.1Fe1−xMnxO3 with x=0 and 0.15 exhibit an anomalous closing of the hysteresis loop at low temperatures. For low A-site substitution levels (x≤0.1) the decreasing Raman intensity of the Fe derived modes correlates with the partial destruction of the spin cycloid as the substitution level increases
Prevotella intermedia produces two homologous proteins to Porphyromonas gingivalis HmuY with different heme-binding properties
Porphyromonas gingivalis HmuY and Tannerella forsythia Tfo - two homologous proteins with different heme-binding properties
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