Opportunity and Response: Social Factors in Agricultural Development in Maharashtra

SUMMARY Provision of irrigation facilities and encouragement to expand cooperatives were among the main strategies which were followed for agricultural development in Maharashtra. Different social groups responded differently to these new opportunities. The differential responses were a result of the differing material conditions of the groups and their perceptions of their own interests. It was also a matter of differing values and attitudes. The Malis, traditionally cultivators of irrigated crops, helped by their favourable attitudes, migrated to the newly irrigated areas and exploited the new opportunity, while the Marathas and other local cultivating caste groups were reluctant and slow in doing so. The Marathas, the dominant caste group, were enthusiastic to participate in cooperatives. The Malis were reluctant for tear of Maratha domination. Exploitation of new opportunities was, thus, influenced partly by cultural factors and partly by perceptions of self?interest by different groups. RESUME Opportunité et Réponse: Les Facteurs Sociaux dans le Développement Agricole au Maharashtra L'établissement d'installations d'irrigation et l'encouragement à l'expansion des coopératives ont constitué, entre autres, les principales politiques qui furent suivies pour le développement agricole au Maharashtra. Différents groupes sociaux réagirent différemment à ces nouvelles dispositions. Les réactions différentes resultaient des différentes conditions matérìelles des groupes et de leur perception de leur propres intérêts. C'était aussi une question de valeurs et de manières de penser différentes. Les Malis, traditionnellement cultivateurs, de récoltes irriguées, aidés par leur attitudes ouvertes, émigraient vers les nouvelles contrées irriguées et exploitaient l'occasion nouvelle, tandis que les Marathas et d'autres groupes de cultivateurs appartenant à la caste locale étaient peu disposés et lents à agir de cette manière. Les Marathas, le groupe de caste dominante, participaient avec enthousiasme aux coopératives. Les Malis y étaient peu enclins par peur de la domination des Marathas. L'exploitation des nouvelles opportunités était donc partiellement influencée par des facteurs culturels et partiellement par les perceptions d'intérêt propre de groupes différents. RESUMEN Oportunidad y Reacción: Factores Sociales en el Desarrollo Agrícola de Maharashtra Algunas de las principales estrategias que se implementaron para el desarrollo agrícola en Maharashtra fueron la provisión de facilidades para la irrigación y el estimulo a expandir las cooperativas. Los diversos grupos sociales reaccionaron diferentemente a estas nuevas oportunidades. Las distintas reacciones se debieron a las diferentes condiciones materiales de los grupos y a la percepción de sus propios intereses. Fue también una cuestión de distintos valores y actitudes. Los Malis, tradicionalmente cultivadores de cosechas de regadío, ayudados por sus actitudes favorables, emigraron a las nuevas zonas de regadío y se aprovecharon de la nueva oportunidad que se les brindaba, mientras que los Marathas y otras tribus locales, fueron poco a poco y con desgana haciendo lo mismo. Los Marathas. el grupo dominante, se mostraron muy entusiasmados en participar en cooperativas. Los Malis no se atrevían por miedo a la dominación Maratha. La explotación de las nuevas oportunidades se vio influenciada en parte por los factores culturales y en parte por las percepciones de los intereses propios de los diversos grupos

Humeral Metastasis in a case of Squamous Cell Carcinoma - a Case Report

A rare case of squamous cell carcinoma with metastasis to distal acralskeleton – humerus within two months of diagnosis of the primary is being reported. The metastasis to the bones from carcinoma cervix is uncommon especially in the distal appendicular skeleton. A 47 years female came with spontaneous fracture of right humerus shaft. The tissue from fracture site revealed metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma. X-Ray lung and USG abdomen did not show any organ involvement. She was diagnosed assquamous cell carcinoma cervix stage III B two months before and put on radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This is one of the few documented cases of metastasis to humerus without involvement of lung liver or brain within two months of diagnosis of the primary

Histopathological study of non-neoplastic lesions of nose, paransal sinuses and nasopharynx

Background: The various lesions of the nose, paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx were subjected to histopathological evaluation over a period of 5 years (2010 to 2015) at the Department of Pathology, in a rural based hospital. Total 84 specimens were studied over the time of 5 years. Methodology: The formalin fixed specimens were received with complete clinical and radiological features. Routine gross examination and required number of sections were taken and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Result: In the study, 84 cases were of Inflammatory and Non neoplastic lesions. Nasal polyps were the most common lesions with 77 (91.67%) cases. Among the all Nasal polyps, 77 cases, 20 (25.97%) cases were of Allergic polyp, 50 (64.93%) cases were of inflammatory polyp, while 7 (9.09%) cases were of Antrochoanal polyp. 2 cases (2.38%) each of Sinusitis and Intradermal naevus. Rhinosporidiosis, Mucocele and Nasolabial cyst comprised of 1 (0.77%) case each respectively. Conclusion: In our study, most common lesions were Nasal Polyps. Most of the cases were presented in 2nd and 3rd decade of life with Male preponderance. Nasal obstruction was the most common clinical presentation in the present study

STATISTICAL METHODS TO ESTIMATE NATURAL FREQUENCY OF AIR CONDITIONER PIPING

Resonance is a critical phenomena in the designing of any structure. Piping structure, which is one of the several elements of air conditioning and refrigeration system, undergo severe vibration. In practice different approaches such as experimental, analytical, numerical and statistical methods are used to study vibration characteristics of a structure. Statistical method acts as a first hand tool to judge the behaviour of a system. Statistical methods minimise redesign process and expensive methods of controlling vibrations, saving significant amount of effort, cost and time. In the present study, statistical methods are used to estimate fundamental natural frequency of a pipe by selecting different geometrical parameters. The natural frequency obtained can be used to check resonance. Geometrical parameters, which significantly affect the natural frequency, are estimated by using Design of Experiments (DOE) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) techniques. A linear equation that predicts fundamental frequency is formulated using regression analysis. Frequencies predicted by regression model are compared to frequencies obtained from ANSYS Mechanical©. A good correlation is found with error less than 5%

Histopathological study of non-neoplastic lesions of nose, paransal sinuses and nasopharynx

Background: The various lesions of the nose, paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx were subjected to histopathological evaluation over a period of 5 years (2010 to 2015) at the Department of Pathology, in a rural based hospital. Total 84 specimens were studied over the time of 5 years. Methodology: The formalin fixed specimens were received with complete clinical and radiological features. Routine gross examination and required number of sections were taken and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Result: In the study, 84 cases were of Inflammatory and Non neoplastic lesions. Nasal polyps were the most common lesions with 77 (91.67%) cases. Among the all Nasal polyps, 77 cases, 20 (25.97%) cases were of Allergic polyp, 50 (64.93%) cases were of inflammatory polyp, while 7 (9.09%) cases were of Antrochoanal polyp. 2 cases (2.38%) each of Sinusitis and Intradermal naevus. Rhinosporidiosis, Mucocele and Nasolabial cyst comprised of 1 (0.77%) case each respectively. Conclusion: In our study, most common lesions were Nasal Polyps. Most of the cases were presented in 2nd and 3rd decade of life with Male preponderance. Nasal obstruction was the most common clinical presentation in the present study

Distributed Probabilistic Congestion Control in LEO Satellite Networks

Satellite communication in Low Earth Orbiting (LEO) constellations is an emerging topic of interest. Due to the high number of LEO satellites in a typical constellation, a centralized algorithm for minimum-delay packet routing would incur significant signaling and computational overhead. We can exploit the deterministic topology of the satellite constellation to calculate the minimum-delay path between any two nodes in the satellite network. But that does not take into account the traffic information at the nodes along this minimum-delay path. We propose a distributed probabilistic congestion control scheme to minimize end-to-end delay. In the proposed scheme, each satellite, while sending a packet to its neighbor, adds a header with a simple metric indicating its own congestion level. The decision to route packets is taken based on the latest traffic information received from the neighbors. We build this algorithm onto the Datagram Routing Algorithm (DRA), which provides the minimum delay path, and the decision for the next hop is taken by the congestion control algorithm. We compare the proposed congestion control mechanism with the existing congestion control used by the DRA via simulations, and show improvements over the same.Comment: 9 pages, 10 figures, conferenc

Low Power Explicit Pulse Triggered Flip-Flop Design Based On A Pass Transistor

In VLSI system design, power consumption is the ambitious issue for the past respective years. Advanced IC fabrication technology grants the use of nano scaled devices, so the power dissipation becomes major problem in the designing of VLSI chips. In this paper we present, a low-power flip-flop (FF) design featuring an explicit type pulse-triggered structure and a modified true single phase clock latch based on a signal feed-through scheme using pass transistor. The offered design successfully figure out the long discharging path problem in conventional explicit type pulse-triggered FF (P-FF) designs and achieves better power performance by consuming low power. The proposed design also significantly reduces delay time, set-up time and hold time. Simulation results based on TMC 180nm CMOS technology reveal that the proposed design features the best power and delay performance in several FF designs under comparison

Decentralized Anonymous User Authentication For Securing Data Storage in Cloud

The main objective of system is secure data storage on clouds. Cloud checks the authentication of the user without knowing the user’s identity. For encryption use Attribute Base Encryption algorithm (ABE) in which encryption is takes place and also set access policies. Decryption is only possible for valid users in Access control policy. System prevents replay attacks because of Attribute Base Signature algorithm (ABS) and provides the facilities for creation, modification, and reading data stored in the cloud. This scheme provides facility for user revocation by that user cannot access the data. Therefore, emphasize that cloud should take a decentralized approach which is robust instead of using access control schemes designed for clouds which are centralized. In this scheme there is one limitation is that the cloud already know the access policy for each record or user stored in the cloud. In future, system can also hide the attributes and access policy of a user. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15010

Multi-Language based Android Application for Motor Control

some wise individual once aforementioned that system could be a system wherever we will finish off the machine whenever we'd like. That’s the distinction between controlled and uncontrolled system. Our project is regarding create this system economical and dynamic. Because the name instructed the automated management is for dominant the motor from remote place, look over its operational conditions; get feedback from the motor itself. Our target is to manage the motor from distant place by mobile DTMF tone and conjointly get feedback by SMS whereas it's in ON or OFF condition. We tend to conjointly make sure the safe operation of the motor by police investigation the voltage of the supply and guarantee feedback from system whereas it's over or below voltage. Once more we tend to conjointly get these feedbacks by SMS additionally. GSM network is all over in our country that’s why we decide GSM network to control our motor conjointly transferring feedback data through it. We tend to conjointly use GSM network as a result of if we tend to use it then we tend to don’t have to be compelled to establish further instrumentation for networking. To transmit feedback signals we tend to use GSM electronic equipment at the motor finish conjointly generate management signal by mobile DTMF as a result of it's terribly simple to get DTMF by mobile station and send feedback SMS by electronic equipment additionally. In industrial sector we tend to hope our project is become handy and value effective to control motor and provides its protection