Analog and RF Performance Evaluation of Dual Metal Double Gate High-k Stack (DMDG-HKS) MOSFETs

Dual Metal Gate (DMG) technology was proposed to reduce the short channel effects (SCE’s) of double gate MOSFETs. But, DMG alone is not enough to rectify the problem of gate tunneling current due to thinning of oxide layer with device downscaling. So, the use of high-k dielectric as gate oxide is considered to overcome the gate tunneling effect. But, high gate dielectric thickness leads to higher fringing fields leading to undesirable higher gate capacitance. So, the use of oxide stack i.e. a combination of silicon dioxide and high-k dielectric material is preferred as gate oxide. This paper presents the evaluation of the analog performance of nMOS dual metal double gate with high-k oxide stack (DMDG-HKS) MOSFETs, comparing their performance with those exhibited by dual metal double gate (DMDG) transistors and single metal double gate (SMDG) transistors of identical dimensions. The analog performance has been investigated in subthreshold regime of operation by varying the channel length, gate oxide stack and considering different analog parameters extracted from the 2-D device simulations. It has been observed that the DMDG-HKS devices offer better transconductance gm, early voltage Va, intrinsic gain gm / gd, drain conductance gd, transconductance generation factor gm / Id, transition frequency fT, etc. The variation of these analog parameters has also been investigated by changing the equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) and channel length of the DMDG-HKS transistor and has been observed that above parameters tends to improve with channel length and EOT as well. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3194

HVDC and Green Power Corridor: a Review

High Voltage Direct Current transmission system can turn out to be the ideal power transmission system for bulk power and transferring clean power from remotely located hydroelectric dams to distant load centers. Therefore, the solution to the sudden increased demand for electricity can be found by evacuating remotely located bulk renewable energy and transmitting the clean power to load centers located at a significant distance away via HVDC link

Experimental Evidence of Large Collective Enhancement of Nuclear Level Density and its Significance in Radiative Neutron Capture

The collective enhancement of nuclear level density and its fade out with excitation energy in deformed $^{171}$Yb nucleus has been inferred through an exclusive measurement of neutron spectra.The statistical model analysis of neutron spectra demonstrated a large collective enhancement factor of 40$\pm$3 for the first time, which corroborates with the recent microscopic model predictions but is an anomalous result compared with the measurements in the nearby deformed nuclei. The complete picture of the energy dependent collective enhancement has been obtained by combining with Oslo data below neutron binding energy. The significance of large collective enhancement in radiative neutron capture cross section of astrophysical interest is highlighted.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figure

Study of Interface Charge Densities for ZrO 2

A thickness-dependent interfacial distribution of oxide charges for thin metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) structures using high-k materials ZrO2 and HfO2 has been methodically investigated. The interface charge densities are analyzed using capacitance-voltage (C-V) method and also conductance (G-V) method. It indicates that, by reducing the effective oxide thickness (EOT), the interface charge densities (Dit) increases linearly. For the same EOT, Dit has been found for the materials to be of the order of 1012 cm−2 eV−1 and it is originated to be in good agreement with published fabrication results at p-type doping level of 1×1017 cm−3. Numerical calculations and solutions are performed by MATLAB and device simulation is done by ATLAS

Utility of telemedicine in COVID-19 pandemic: our experience at a tertiary cancer center in North East India

Background: Telemedicine is a very useful tool of communication between the doctor and the patient. The aim of this study was to find out the utility of telemedicine during the lockdown period of COVID-19 pandemic in North East India.Methods: It is a cross sectional study among the cancer patients at our center on follow up or ongoing treatment and analysis of all the data acquired from telephonic conversation with our patients from 30th March, 2020 to 3rd May, 2020. Have contacted 4181 patients during this period over phone. All phone calls were done by respective department doctors.Results: From the demographic data, we get that 35.4% of patients were at good physical condition, 3.5% with poor general condition, 11.6% patients having ongoing treatment in our institute, 21.1% patients expired, 0.9% patients have nonmalignant diagnosis, 1.4% patients left the institute due to various reasons. Analyzed this data with brain storming sessions amongst the COVID-19 task force doctors and tried to find out solutions of each problem.Conclusions: Telemedicine cannot replace conventional method of in person treatment, but it proved to be a useful tool during the COVID-19 pandemic for patient follow up and treatment of cancer patients

Response of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) cultivars to integrated nutrient management on productivity, profitability and nutrient uptake in NEH Region

A field experiment was conducted at Nagaland during 2009 and 2010 to study the response of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars to integrated nutrient management on productivity, profitability and nutrient uptake in NEH Region on a sandy loam soil. Among the cultivars, FeSEG 10 recorded significantly higher growth, yield attributes and pod yield as compared to JL 24 and FeSEG 8. Nutrients uptake (N, P and K) and nutrients use efficiency was significantly higher under ICGS 76 followed by FeSEG 10 and FeSEG 8. The highest net returns, B: C ratio and crop profitability were recorded with FeSEG 10 followed by ICGS 76. The results showed significant increase in all yield attributes, yield, nutrient uptake and economics due to the application of 75% N through inorganic fertilizers + 25% N through FYM followed by 100% N through inorganic fertilizers

Evidence of a new shell closed nucleus governing slow quasi-fission

Mass distributions of fission fragments arising from the slow quasi-fission process have been derived by comparing the measured distributions with the theoretical distributions based on compound nuclear fission model for several reactions. The mass-distributions corresponding to quasi-fission events for all the systems show the following common features: (1) they are double peaked with fixed peak-centroids and nearly same width at different incident energies, (2) the yield of quasi-fission events decreases with the increasing projectile energy, and (3) peak corresponding to lighter fragment is observed at A $\sim$ 96 for all the systems, whereas the peak of heavier fragment increases linearly with the mass of the di-nuclear system. All the above observations are quite similar to the ones observed in well known asymmetric fission of actinides, thus providing clear evidences of shell effect in slow quasi-fission where the lighter fragment is possibly nuclei around $^{96}$Zr, a new doubly magic nucleus. This finding has great implications in the study of nuclear reactions, structure and particularly in super-heavy element synthesis where quasi-fission is synonymous

Integrated Farming System: An ideal approach for developing more economically and environmentally sustainable farming systems for the Eastern Himalayan Region

The present work was carried out at Chandel Khullen village of Chandel hill district of Manipur during 2010-11 to 2012-13. The average holding size of the farmer was 1.33 ha in 2010-11, 1.96 ha in 2011-12 and 2.21 ha in 2012-13. The tribal farmer adopted seven components, i e crop production, vegetables, fruits, piggery, backyard poultry, fishery and water management as suggested by ICAR Manipur Centre. In 2010-11, the paddy yield was 3.5 tonnes/ha as compared to 4.79 tonnes/ha in 2012-13. It was mainly due to adoption of improved package and practices. The cabbage and onion yield increased by 103 and 54 per cent, respectively after adoption of improved cultivation methods under integrated farming system. Similarly, the papaya and banana production was increased by 275 and 270 per cent. There was marked increase in pork, chicken, egg and fish production. In 2012-13, this system also provided significantly higher Rs per Re invested than that of the other 2010-11. In Manipur, women’s participation is more in farming system rather than men. In the same way, this farming system also gives more opportunity to women to engage in agriculture farming. Thus integrated farming system provides new venture for employment and sustainable development of livelihood for North Eastern people. The overall result revealed that the improved practices with different crop and animal components are an excellent approach for sustainable production, income generation and employment opportunity for the small and marginal rural households of Manipur

A multiscale experimental analysis of mechanical properties and deformation behavior of sintered copper–silicon carbide composites enhanced by high‑pressure torsion

Experiments were conducted to investigate, within the framework of a multiscale approach, the mechanical enhancement, deformation and damage behavior of copper–silicon carbide composites (Cu–SiC) fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) and the combination of SPS with high-pressure torsion (HPT). The mechanical properties of the metal–matrix composites were determined at three different length scales corresponding to the macroscopic, micro- and nanoscale. Small punch testing was employed to evaluate the strength of composites at the macroscopic scale. Detailed analysis of microstructure evolution related to SPS and HPT, sample deformation and failure of fractured specimens was conducted using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. A microstructural study revealed changes in the damage behavior for samples processed by HPT and an explanation for this behavior was provided by mechanical testing performed at the micro- and nanoscale. The strength of copper samples and the metal–ceramic interface was determined by microtensile testing and the hardness of each composite component, corresponding to the metal matrix, metal–ceramic interface, and ceramic reinforcement, was measured using nano-indentation. The results confirm the advantageous effect of large plastic deformation on the mechanical properties of Cu–SiC composites and demonstrate the impact on these separate components on the deformation and damage type