Setting Koordinasi Over Current Relay pada Trafo 60 MVA 150/20 Kv dan Penyulang 20 KV

Tenaga listrik merupakan salah satu kebutuhan pokok saat ini. Oleh karenanya tenaga listrik harus tersedia secara ekonomis dengan memperhatikan mutunya baik tegangan maupun arus dan frekuensi beserta keandalannya. Guna menjaga kelangsungan saluran tenaga listrik diperlukan proteksi yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan. Fungsinya adalah untuk melokalisasi daerah gangguan menjadi sekecil mungkin, jadi hanya daerah yang terganggu saja yang dibebaskan dari rangkaian tenaga listrik dan juga harus mempertimbangkan tingkat keamanan terhadap peralatan stabilitas tenaga listrik serta keamanan terhadap manusia. Dari analisis ini, akan didapat besarnya nilai settingan proteksi relai arus lebih (OCR) dan relai gangguan tanah (GFR) transformator beserta bagaimana koordinasi dari OCR dan GFR tersebut yang ditunjukkan pada grafik. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut sangat diperlukan evaluasi setting relai dikarenakan MVA tiap tahun pada Gardu Induk tidak selalu sama

Linguistic Features as Depicted in Tulembang Mantra

Tulembang Mantra is the oldest form of literature in South Sulawesi as an aspect of ancient cultures which is still maintained up to the present time and is still used by the traditional community such as farmers. The traditional community of Makassar uses it according to its purpose. Tulembang Mantra is the form of expressions or words believed to be able to provide occult power. The power aims to give strength to human beings in carrying out various activities. The research used the recording, interview and note taking to collect the data. The population consisted of five mantras and three informants. The samples were the same as the population. The data were analyzed using the qualitative descriptive method [3]. The research result indicates that the form is a kind of praises to something occult or something that must be assumed sacred. Tulembang Mantra exerts Basmallah “in the name of Allah” and Assalamu’alaikum “peace be upon you” in general as an opening discourse. The form of discourse is more as monolog and dialog. They are used to talk to the Almighty God and ”paddy ”. As the result, mantra tends to be free in choosing the syllables, lyrics, or rhyme. “This is clear that the mantra contains acknowledgement, hope, self-cleanliness and mind, serenity, and inner satisfaction”.   Keywords: tulembang mantra, features, occult power, textual meaning, sacre

Efek Shot Peening Terhadap Korosi Retak Tegang (SCC) Baja Karbon Rendah Dalam Lingkungan Air Laut

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of shot peening on stress corrosion cracking of a low carbon steel in ocean water environment. The dimension of specimens were prepared in accordance with the ASTM G39. The hardness testing was carried out using microvickers with 0,25 kgf load in the longitudinal direction. The corrosion cracking test was immersed into artificial sea water for about 7 months. The test shows that the pitting corrosion is dominantly nucleated at the metal film interface. The biggest pitting corrosion was occurred under the static loading of 70 for the specimens unpeened. The presence of pitting corrosion promotes stress corrosion cracking. The cracking has a intergranular branched morphology which is typical for the chloride cracking of low carbon stee

Abstraction, desalination and recharge method to control seawater intrusion into unconfined coastal aquifers

In this study, abstraction, desalination and recharge method and SEAWAT numerical model are used to investigate seawater intrusion repulsion in a hypothetical two-dimensional coastal aquifer to understand the relation of seawater intrusion with abstraction, desalination and recharge parameters (i.e. abstraction/recharge rate, wells distance and depth). Abstraction, desalination and recharge consists of abstraction and desalination of brackish water and recharge of desalinated water. The results of different defined scenarios showed that increase of recharge rate has a significant effect on the seawater intrusion mitigation (e.g. more than 80% variation in saline water volume) while the increase of abstraction rate does not have specific impact on seawater recession (e.g. less than 3% variation in toe position). The method efficiency in reducing seawater intrusion is increased when freshwater is recharged by well at outside of saltwater wedge and close to its toe position. Moreover, it is shown that the abstraction, desalination and recharge performance has slightly improved when the recharge and extraction wells are placed deeper into aquifer and close to aquifer bottom (almost 15% for all characteristics of salt wedge). Ultimately, dilution of saline water with recharged freshwater will widen the mixing zone but as salt wedge recedes toward the sea simultaneously, the mixing zone thickness cannot follow the steady reduction trend.               </strong

PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH BERBASIS 3R PADA MASYARAKAT PULAU BARRANG LOMPO

Tujuan kegiatan penerapan teknologi pengolahan sampah berbasis 3R (Reuse, Reduce, dan Recycle) ini adalah terbentuknya suatu sistem pengelolaan sampah melalui kolaborasi antara pemerintah dan masyarakat. Program yang dilaksanakan antara lain: (1) pembuatan komposter sederhana untuk mengolah sampah organik (seperti sisa makanan, dedaunan, buah- buahan, sayuran, daging, ikan dan sebagainya) menjadi pupuk cair dan padat (kompos), hal ini disebabkan karena permasalahan utama yang menyebabkan kumuhnya sanitasi lingkungan di sekitar pulau kecil lebih disebabkan oleh banyaknya sampah organik yang tidak ditangani secara baik, (2) melakukan pemilahan sampah non-organik untuk dibuat bahan kerajinan tangan yang bermanfaat dan bernilai jual, dan (3) bercocok tanam sistem hidroponik, untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sayuran/buah dari halamannya sendiri. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh, antara lain: (1) kegiatan pelatihan yang diberikan dapat meningkatkan keterampilan masyarakat dalam mengelola limbah walaupun minimnya pengetahuan peserta pelatihan menjadi salah satu kendala sehingga perlu dilakukan pendampingan secara berkelanjutan, (2) kegiatan sosialisasi meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran masyarakat tentang pentingnya pengelolaan limbah dan pemanfaatan lahan rumah tangga, sehingga diharapkan lambat laun dapat merubah perilaku masyarakat untuk mengolah limbah menjadi sesuatu yang bermanfaat sehingga tidak mencemari lingkungan sekitar, (3) keuntungan ekonomi yang diperoleh masyarakat melalui pengelolaan limbah dan pemanfaatan lahan pekarangan untuk tanaman k

Analysis of Formant Frequencies of the Correct Pronunciation of Quranic Alphabets Between Kids and Adults

It is an obligation for a Muslim to become skilled and proficient in reciting Al-Quran considering that Al-Quran is the fundamental source of revelation from Allah SWT. In Al-Quran, there are 28 alphabets where each of them has their own unique sound. The Quranic alphabets produce sound that are characterized from their point of articulation (Makhraj) and their characteristics (Sifaat). Knowing the correct way of pronunciation through engineering perspective may help Muslim in learning Al-Quran, in the sense that the signal of the experts can be used in Quranic teaching and learning as a reference model. Since both adults and children possess different vocal tract, therefore there will be different outcomes of the pronunciation between both experts. The features identification of the pronunciation of both experts is needed to represent the actual and correct pronunciation that will be used as a reference for Quranic teaching and learning at later. In this paper, the focus was on the identification and analysis of the correct pronunciation of the Quranic alphabets on the data obtained from adults and children experts. The first and second formant frequencies (F1 and F2) were used as the features where they were used to represent the pronunciation of each alphabet for both adults and children category. The speech analysis software PRAAT was used to accomplish the pre-processing of the data using Spectral Subtraction technique and also used to measure the F1 and F2 values. Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) was used for classification of the signals and results shows that some of the alphabets can be identified uniquely using F1 and F2 features of the two categories

Simultaneous computation of model order and parameter estimation of a heating system based on particle swarm optimization for autoregressive with exogenous model

System identification is a method used to obtain a mathematical model of a system by performing analysis of input-output behavior of the system. In system identification, the procedure can be separated into four main parts. The first part is constructing an experiment to collect the input-output data of the system. Then, based on some criteria, the model order and structure are selected. The next part is to estimate the parameters of the model. For the final part, the mathematical model is verified. In this study, a new approach called simultaneous model order and parameter estimation (SMOPE), which is based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), is proposed to combine model order selection and parameter estimation in one platform. In this approach, both the model order and the parameters of the system are searched simultaneously by a particle. Similar to other PSO implementation, a number of particles are utilized in the search process. In order to realize the simultaneous search of the best model order and the associated parameters, a suitable particle representation is employed. Based on a heating system case study, it is proven that the proposed approach is superior compared to some other methods in literature

Neuroimaging Evidence of Major Morpho-Anatomical and Functional Abnormalities in the BTBR T+TF/J Mouse Model of Autism

BTBR T+tf/J (BTBR) mice display prominent behavioural deficits analogous to the defining symptoms of autism, a feature that has prompted a widespread use of the model in preclinical autism research. Because neuro-behavioural traits are described with respect to reference populations, multiple investigators have examined and described the behaviour of BTBR mice against that exhibited by C57BL/6J (B6), a mouse line characterised by high sociability and low self-grooming. In an attempt to probe the translational relevance of this comparison for autism research, we used Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to map in both strain multiple morpho-anatomical and functional neuroimaging readouts that have been extensively used in patient populations. Diffusion tensor tractography confirmed previous reports of callosal agenesis and lack of hippocampal commissure in BTBR mice, and revealed a concomitant rostro-caudal reorganisation of major cortical white matter bundles. Intact inter-hemispheric tracts were found in the anterior commissure, ventro-medial thalamus, and in a strain-specific white matter formation located above the third ventricle. BTBR also exhibited decreased fronto-cortical, occipital and thalamic gray matter volume and widespread reductions in cortical thickness with respect to control B6 mice. Foci of increased gray matter volume and thickness were observed in the medial prefrontal and insular cortex. Mapping of resting-state brain activity using cerebral blood volume weighted fMRI revealed reduced cortico-thalamic function together with foci of increased activity in the hypothalamus and dorsal hippocampus of BTBR mice. Collectively, our results show pronounced functional and structural abnormalities in the brain of BTBR mice with respect to control B6 mice. The large and widespread white and gray matter abnormalities observed do not appear to be representative of the neuroanatomical alterations typically observed in autistic patients. The presence of reduced fronto-cortical metabolism is of potential translational relevance, as this feature recapitulates previously-reported clinical observations