Morphology of the atrioventricular valves and related intraventricular structures in the wild pig (Sus scrofa)

Morphology of the atrioventricular valves and the intraventricular related structures of 7 hearts of the wild pigs (Sus scrota) were observed by applying macroscopic and microscopic techniques and the findings were compared broadly to the literature. In all hearts examined, the tricuspid and mitral valves were normal and composed of 3 and 2 cusps, respectively. The papillary muscles observed in mammalian heart in general were found in both the ventricles; additionally, there were small unnamed papillary muscles in the left ventricle of the three samples. The sept marginal trabecula and false chords were present in the right ventricles, microscopically possessing myocardial fibres, connective tissue and Purkinje cells; while the false chords were located in all the left ventricles, but the sept marginal trabecula was found in the 3 samples only. Both the connective tissue and Purkinje cells were present in these two structures, but the myocardial fibres were not. Presence of the myocardial fibres in the right ventricle may have an effect on the ventricle geometry

Preparation and Characterization of Chitosan/ Polypyrrole/ Sepiolite Nanocomposites

AbstractIn this work, Chitosan / Polypyrrole/ Sepiolite (Cs/PPy/Sep.) Nanocomposites (NC) were synthesized with pyrrole and chitosan via redox polymerization in aqueous media with magnetic stirrer system in presence of ammonium cerium (IV) nitrate (Ce+4) and sepiolite at room temperature. The roles of the oxidant/monomer mole ratio, on the yield, conductivity and morphology of the resulting products were investigated. Chitosan/ Polypyrrole/ Sepiolite Nanocomposites (Cs/PPy/Sep.NC) were prepared with the oxidant to pyrrole mole ratio 0.67:1 showed conductivity of 3.7 x 10-4 S/cm for 0.016g chitosan, and 3.0 x 10-4 S/cm for 0.5g chitosan. The oxidant to pyrrole molar ratio 0.8 is proposed to be the optimum stoichiometry for the better conductivity while the ratio for the highest yield was obtained for molar ratio of 1.0. The obtained results showed that ESEM micrograph for the surface of Chitosan/ Polypyrrole/ Clay Nanocomposite has average size of 28.63nm. The yield of the product (polymer) and electrical conductivity of the product are investigated as physical characteristics. The electrical conductivities of Cs/PPy/Sep. NC were determined by four point probe technique. In addition, the resulting NC are characterized with spectroscopic method that is Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and also morphological method, which is Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)

YIELD POTENTIAL AND MINERAL COMPOSITION OF WHITE CLOVER (TRIFOLIUM REPENS L.)-TALL FESCUE (FESTUCA ARUNDINACEA SCHREB.) MIXTURES

White clover was sown with tall fescue as tall fescue 25 %+white clover 75 %, tall fescue 50 %+white clover 50 %, tall fescue 75 %+white clover 25 %, 100% tall fescue and white clover. Plots were 2.5 x 5.0 m, arranged in a randomized block design with three replicates. Row distance 25 cm and sowing rates 10 kg ha-1 (white clover) and 20 kg ha-1 (tall fescue) were used. Plots were mowed about 5 cm (stubble height) and then allowed to re-grow to 25-30 cm (plant height). The green fodder yield, dry matter, crude protein, crude cellulose, K/P, Ca/P, Ca/Mg, K/Mg and Ca/K ratios were determined

PTPN22 gene polymorphism in Takayasu's arteritis

Objective. Takayasu's arteritis (TA) is a chronic, rare granulomatous panarteritis of unknown aetiology involving mainly the aorta and its major branches. In this study, genetic susceptibility to TA has been investigated by screening the functional single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of PTPN22 gene encoding the lymphoid-specific protein tyrosine phosphatase. Methods. Totally, 181 patients with TA and 177 healthy controls are genotyped by PCR-RFLP method for the SNP rs2476601 (A/G) of PTPN22 gene. Polymorphic region was amplified by PCR and digested with Xcm I enzyme. Results. Detected frequencies of heterozygous genotype (AG) were 5.1% (9/177) in control group and 3.8% (7/181) in TA group (P = 0.61, odds ratio: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.3, 2.0). No association with angiographic type, vascular involvement or prognosis of TA was observed either. Conclusion. The distribution of PTPN22 polymorphism did not reveal any association with TA in Turkey. © The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Rheumatology. All rights reserved

Nietzsche and Realism: the Concept of Will to Power in Nietzsche and Realist Paradigm

DergiPark: 530601trakyasobedBuçalışmada, Nietzsche’nin felsefesinde güç istenci düşüncesi, uluslararasıilişkiler disiplininin temel tartışmaları özelinde, yeni paradigmayla ilişkiliolarak tartışılmıştır. Bu tartışmalar daha çok E.H. Carr, Morgenthau, Waltz gibiisimlere referansla realist paradigma çerçevesinde ele alınacaktır. Güç istencikavramı uluslararası ilişkiler perspektifinden değerlendirilecek, uluslararasıilişkiler açısından büyük kırılma noktalarının tespit edilmesinde güçistencinin belirleyici rolü saptanacaktır. Nietzsche’nin güç istencidüşüncesiyle ortaya koyduğu yeni paradigmanın, çatışmaya ve sürekli çıkarmücadelesine dayalı perspektifi multidisipliner bir bakış açısıyla birleştirmeiddiası değerlendirilecektir. Çalışmanın temel hedefi, uluslararası ilişkilerdisiplinindeki tartışmalara, özellikle realist paradigma çerçevesinde, bualanda sınırlı düzeyde tartışılan Nietzsche’nin siyaset felsefesi üzerindenyeni bir açılım getirmek ve Nietzsche’nin güç istenci düşüncesiyle, realizmingüç kavramı arasındaki ortak noktaları değerlendirmektir. In this study, the will to power in Nietzsche's philosophy has beendebated in relation to the new paradigm, in particular, in the basic argumentsof the discipline of international relations. This study will approach thesediscussions mostly in reference to names such as E.H. Carr, Morgenthau, Waltz,etc., in the context of realist paradigm. The concept of “will to power” willbe evaluated from the perspective of international relations, and thedistinctive role of the “will to power” in terms of breaking points will bedetermined. The claim that the new paradigm that Nietzsche puts forward withthe idea of the will to power combines the perspective based on conflict andongoing conflict of interest with a multidisciplinary point of view will bediscussed. The main objective of the study is to bring about a new breakthroughto the discussions in international relations discipline specifically withinthe frame of realist paradigm, through Nietzsche's political philosophy, whichis rarely discussed in this area, and discuss the common points between theconcept of power in realism and Nietzsche's idea of will to power.

Transient conjugated heat transfer in thick walled pipes with uniform heat flux boundary condition

Paper presented at the 5th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics, South Africa, 1-4 July, 2007.Transient conjugated heat transfer in thick walled pipes for thermally developing laminar flow is investigated involving two dimensional wall and axial fluid conduction. The problem is solved numerically by a finite difference method for hydrodynamically developed flow in a two regional pipe, initially isothermal in which the upstream region is insulated and the downstream region is subjected to a suddenly applied uniform heat flux. A parametric study is done to analyze the effects of four defining parameters namely, wall thickness ratio, wall-to-fluid thermal conductivity ratio, wall-to-fluid thermal diffusivity ratio and the Peclet number. The results are given by non-dimensional interfacial heat flux values, and it is observed that, heat transfer characteristics are strongly dependent on the parameter values.cs201

NUTRITIVE VALUES OF SOME ANNUAL CLOVERS (Trifolium sp.) AT DIFFERENT GROWTH STAGES

This study was conducted between the years of 2001-2002 in the experimental area and laboratory of Field Crops Department of Agriculture Faculty in Trakya University, Tekirdağ (Turkey). Five different clovers [Persian (Trifolium resupinatum L. var. majus Boiss.), Mediterranean (T. spumosum L.), narrow-leaved (T. angustifolium L.), hedgehog (T. echinatum M. Bieb.) and lappa (T. lappaceum L.) clovers] were used. Each plot consisted of 8 rows with a length of 5 m. Row spacing of 30 cm and sowing rate of 10 kg ha-1 were used. Sowing times were on 2.25.2001 and on 2.28.2002. Plots were not irrigated and fertilized after sown and harvest. One cut was taken in both years at 4 growing stages such as pre-bud, pre-bloom, 50% bloom and full-bloom. The central 1 m-2 sections was cut at ground level for dry matter. Approximately 500g samples were dried at 55 °C for 24 hours and stored for one day at room temperature then found dry matter. Crude protein (%) was determined by Kjeldahl method

BIOLOGIC DRUG PREFERENCES OF TURKISH RHEUMATOLOGISTS IN SPONDILOARTROPATHY PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED CHRONIC RENAL DISEASE

[Abstract Not Available

THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE FIRST PREFERRED BIOLOGICAL DMARD AND THE DRUG SURVIVAL IN GERIATRIC AND YOUNGER ADULT POPULATION WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AND PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS: TREASURE REAL-LIFE DATA

EULAR European Congress of Rheumatology (EULAR) -- JUN 01-04, 2022 -- Copenhagen, DENMARK[Abstract Not Available]European Alliance Assoc Rheumato