Augmented Reality in Maintenance: An information-centred design framework

Augmented Reality (AR) visualization capabilities can impact on maintenance. From enhancing performance to retrieving feedback, AR can close the information loop between maintenance information systems and the operations supported. Though, the design of AR applications is not aligned with current information systems, which prevents maintenance information to be used and improved properly. In this paper, industrial collaboration contributed to determine a framework for AR integration in maintenance systems. The framework describes information types, formats and interactions modes for AR to enhance efficiency improvements in maintenance of complex equipment. Semi-structured interviews and surveys with maintainers were conducted to determine the maintenance challenges and also to validate the framework proposed. Therefore, exposing future research in topics such as multimodal interaction, information contextualization and performance analysis to achieve the complete integration of AR in maintenance

The Rules of Human T Cell Fate in vivo.

The processes governing lymphocyte fate (division, differentiation, and death), are typically assumed to be independent of cell age. This assumption has been challenged by a series of elegant studies which clearly show that, for murine cells in vitro, lymphocyte fate is age-dependent and that younger cells (i.e., cells which have recently divided) are less likely to divide or die. Here we investigate whether the same rules determine human T cell fate in vivo. We combined data from in vivo stable isotope labeling in healthy humans with stochastic, agent-based mathematical modeling. We show firstly that the choice of model paradigm has a large impact on parameter estimates obtained using stable isotope labeling i.e., different models fitted to the same data can yield very different estimates of T cell lifespan. Secondly, we found no evidence in humans in vivo to support the model in which younger T cells are less likely to divide or die. This age-dependent model never provided the best description of isotope labeling; this was true for naïve and memory, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, this age-dependent model also failed to predict an independent data set in which the link between division and death was explored using Annexin V and deuterated glucose. In contrast, the age-independent model provided the best description of both naïve and memory T cell dynamics and was also able to predict the independent dataset

Solar-assisted heat pump coupled to solar hybrid panels

A water-water solar-assisted heat pump (SAHP) is going to be installed on an academic building at the University of Zaragoza (Spain). It integrates a heat pump heating system with photovoltaics/thermal collectors and seasonal storage. Considerably higher performances than a conventional type air-source heat pump are expected to be reached. This paper shows the simulation of the system performed in trnsys, a graphically based software used to simulate the behaviour of transient systems. The obtained energy and monetary savings are analysed

Exergy assessment and exergy cost analysis of a renewable-based and hybrid trigeneration scheme for domestic water and energy supply

Exergy and exergy cost analyses are proposed as complementary methods for the assessment and better understanding of the efficiency of a hybrid trigeneration system based on renewable energy sources. The system combines photovoltaic/thermal collectors, an evacuated tube collector and a wind turbine and produces electricity, sanitary hot water and desalted fresh water for a single family house. The system includes two desalination technologies (reverse osmosis and membrane distillation) that consume power and heat respectively, and two kinds of energy storage devices (a hot water tank and two lead-acid batteries). The assessment is based on simulations developed by using TRNSYS software. As a first level of detail, exergy analysis is applied in ten-minute basis to selected plant components. As a second level of detail, it is proposed to apply exergy-based indicators that summarize the system behavior during a longer period of time (monthly basis). By using aggregated values, exergy accumulation terms become negligible, what allows applying symbolic thermoeconomics to calculate exergy cost and to analyze in depth the process of cost formation. The system has an exergy efficiency of 7.76% (6.68 due to electricity, 0.33 due to fresh water and 0.75 due to sanitary hot water)

Analysis and optimization of a heat pump system coupled to an installation of PVT panels and a seasonal storage tank on an educational building

A water-water solar-assisted heat pump (SAHP) is projected on an under construction academic building at the University of Zaragoza (Spain). It integrates a heat pump heating system with photovoltaic/thermal collectors and seasonal storage. Because of its innovative design, considerably higher performances than a conventional type air-source heat pump are expected. This paper shows the simulation of the system performed in TRNSYS, a graphically based software used to simulate the behavior of transient systems. In addition, starting from the current design of the energy system, different sensibility analysis are simulated in order to study alternative configurations of the heating system. The solar coverage of the current installation design is about 60% and the expected savings yield to a payback period of 15, 4 years. Three alternative configurations are proposed in this work, reaching up to around 98% of solar coverage. The study results show the technical and economic feasibility of the heating installation based on a solar assisted heat pump with implementation of seasonal storage in an educational building located in a middle latitude

Corrosion Behaviour of Steel/55% Al-Zn Alloy/Paint Systems Exposed to Natural and Artificial Environments

The corrosion performance of steel/55%Al–Zn alloy sheets pre‐treated with 5% Fe (NO3)3þ15% H3PO4 solution, and then coated with acrylic (AC), alkyd (AQ), vinyl (VL), solvent‐based epoxy (ES) or waterborne epoxy (EA) corrosion‐inhibiting primersþa barrier topcoat alkyd paint was studied. Exposure conditions included weathering chambers and natural atmospheres (La Plata‐Argentina and San Luis‐Potosí, México). The panels' behaviour was evaluated through visual inspections and EIS measurements. Their results allowed inferring that: (1) most of the painting systems have a satisfactory performance during their exposure to the accelerated weathering chamber or the natural atmospheric stations and (2) the correlation between them allowed explaining some problems arising in service. This information will allow extending the useful life by adjusting the painting system formulation.Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología de Pintura

Nutraceutic Potential of Two Allium Species and Their Distinctive Organosulfur Compounds: A Multi-Assay Evaluation

This study aimed to evaluate the biological activities of two Allium species (garlic and onion) as well as diallyl disulphide (DADS) and dipropyl disulphide (DPDS) as their representative bioactive compounds in a multi-assay experimental design. The genotoxic, antigenotoxic, and lifespan effects of garlic, onion, DADS, and DPDS were checked in Drosophila melanogaster and their cytotoxic, pro-apoptotic, and DNA-clastogenic activities were analyzed using HL60 tumoral cells. All compounds were non-genotoxic and antigenotoxic against H2O2-induced DNA damage with a positive dose-response effect and different inhibition percentages (the highest value: 95% for DADS) at all tested concentrations. Daily intake of Allium vegetables, DADS, or DPDS had no positive effects on flies’ lifespan and health span. Garlic and DADS exerted the highest cytotoxic effects in a positive dose-dependent manner. Garlic and DADS exerted a DNA-internucleosomal fragmentation as an index of induced proapoptotic activity on HL60 cells. Allium vegetables and DADS were able to induce clastogenic strand breaks in the DNA of HL60 cells. This study showed the genomic safety of the assayed substances and their protective genetic effects against the hydrogen peroxide genotoxine. Long-term treatments during the whole life of the Drosophila genetic model were beneficial only at low-median concentrations. The chemo-preventive activity of garlic could be associated with its distinctive organosulfur DADS. We suggest that supplementary studies are needed to clarify the cell death pathway against garlic and DADS

CP Violation in \tau ->\nu\pi K_S and D->\pi K_S: The Importance of K_S-K_L Interference

The $B$-factories have measured CP asymmetries in the $\tau\to\pi K_S\nu$ and $D\to K_S\pi$ modes. The $K_S$ state is identified by its decay to two pions at a time that is close to the $K_S$ lifetime. Within the Standard Model and many of its extensions, the asymmetries in these modes come from CP violation in $K^0-\bar{K}^0$ mixing. We emphasize that the interference between the amplitudes of intermediate $K_S$ and $K_L$ is as important as the pure $K_S$ amplitude. Consequently, the measured asymmetries depend on the times over which the relevant decay rates are integrated and on features of the experiment.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure