School survey, the city of Natchez and Adams County, Mississippi, 1955

https://egrove.olemiss.edu/ms_school_surveys/1021/thumbnail.jp

Electrostatic potential on human leukocyte antigen: implications for putative mechanism of chronic beryllium disease.

The pathobiology of chronic beryllium disease (CBD) involves the major histocompatibility complex class II human leukocyte antigen (HLA). Although occupational exposure to beryllium is the cause of CBD, molecular epidemiologic studies suggest that specific (Italic)HLA-DPB1(/Italic) alleles may be genetic susceptibility factors. We have studied three-dimensional structural models of HLA-DP proteins encoded by these genes. The extracellular domains of HLA-DPA1*0103/B1*1701, *1901, *0201, and *0401, and HLA-DPA1*0201/B1*1701, *1901, *0201, and *0401 were modeled from the X-ray coordinates of an HLA-DR template. Using these models, the electrostatic potential at the molecular surface of each HLA-DP was calculated and compared. These comparisons identify specific characteristics in the vicinity of the antigen-binding pocket that distinguish the different HLA-DP allotypes. Differences in electrostatics originate from the shape, specific disposition, and variation in the negatively charged groups around the pocket. The more negative the pocket potential, the greater the odds of developing CBD estimated from reported epidemiologic studies. Adverse impact is caused by charged substitutions in positions 55, 56, 69, 84, and 85, namely, the exact same loci identified as genetic markers of CBD susceptibility as well as cobalt-lung hard metal disease. These findings suggest that certain substitutions may promote an involuntary cation-binding site within a putatively metal-free peptide-binding pocket and therefore change the innate specificity of antigen recognition

The neuroprotective effects of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells are dose-dependent in TNBS colitis

The incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is increasing worldwide with patients experiencing severe impacts on their quality of life. It is well accepted that intestinal inflammation associates with extensive damage to the enteric nervous system (ENS), which intrinsically innervates the gastrointestinal tract and regulates all gut functions. Hence, treatments targeting the enteric neurons are plausible for alleviating IBD and associated complications. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are gaining wide recognition as a potential therapy for many diseases due to their immunomodulatory and neuroprotective qualities. However, there is a large discrepancy regarding appropriate cell doses used in both clinical trials and experimental models of disease. We have previously demonstrated that human bone marrow MSCs exhibit neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects in a Guinea-pig model of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene-sulfonate (TNBS)-induced colitis; but an investigation into whether this response is dose-dependent has not been conducted. Methods: Hartley Guinea-pigs were administered TNBS or sham treatment intra-rectally. Animals in the MSC treatment groups received either 1 × 10 5 , 1 × 10 6 or 3 × 10 6 MSCs by enema 3 hours after induction of colitis. Colon tissues were collected 72 hours after TNBS administration to assess the effects of MSC treatments on the level of inflammation and damage to the ENS by immunohistochemical and histological analyses. Results: MSCs administered at a low dose, 1 × 10 5 cells, had little or no effect on the level of immune cell infiltrate and damage to the colonic innervation was similar to the TNBS group. Treatment with 1 × 10 6 MSCs decreased the quantity of immune infiltrate and damage to nerve processes in the colonic wall, prevented myenteric neuronal loss and changes in neuronal subpopulations. Treatment with 3 × 10 6 MSCs had similar effects to 1 × 10 6 MSC treatments. Conclusions: The neuroprotective effect of MSCs in TNBS colitis is dose-dependent. Increasing doses higher than 1 × 10 6 MSCs demonstrates no further therapeutic benefit than 1 × 10 6 MSCs in preventing enteric neuropathy associated with intestinal inflammation. Furthermore, we have established an optimal dose of MSCs for future studies investigating intestinal inflammation, the enteric neurons and stem cell therapy in this model

Neuroprotective potential of mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy in acute stages of TNBS-induced colitis in Guinea-pigs

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Multi-photon events with large missing energy in e+e−e+e− collisions at s=192–209 GeV

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275 kV cable discharge field measurement and analysis of SVLs chain failure using ATP

Results of field measurement of trapped charges on a 275 kV cable will be presented. The instrumentation and calibration method used in the measurement will be discussed. It will be shown that if the cable is not force-discharged by means of earth switches, the trapped charges will decay very slowly. The atmospheric parameters such as humidity and temperature affect the discharge time, which also depends on how much of the circuit is exposed to open air. The measurement results are used in EMTP-ATP simulation to confirm that trapped charges may be sufficient to cause sheath voltage limiters (SVL) of the cable to fail. The number of SVL breakdown depends on the mode of SVL failure, i.e. whether it attains low impedance (short circuit) or open circuit when the energy absorbed exceeds the rating

Father, Son, and Holy Spirit: Children\u27s Understanding of God in Three Persons

What do kids know about God, in particular God in the three parts of the trinity? In this ongoing research we are interviewing children to investigate their understanding of God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit. We are recruiting local children, between the ages of 3 and 12 years old to interview over Zoom. Once interviews are complete we will explore common themes and understandings of God and how these might change over time