837 research outputs found
Effects of gamma irradiation on salted and frozen mullet fish during storage period
The objective of the present study was to investigate the influence of gamma irradiation on decontamination of microbial loud of salted and frozen mullet fish. Mullet fish samples were divided into two groups: The first group was frozen at – 20C° and the second group was dry salted with ordinary commercial refined salt at ratio 1 kg fish / 0.8 kg. Each group was subjected to 0, 2.5 and 5 kGy of gamma irradiation doses before storage period. The results showed that, gamma irradiation hadn’t any significant (P?0.05) effects on the chemical composition and minerals content of mullet fish samples under investigation. Gamma irradiation doses (2.5 and 5.0 kGy) had not significant remarkable effect at P?0.05 on sensory properties (appearance, odor, texture and color) of dry and frozen mullet fish samples neither at zero time nor during storage periods. Microbial aspects (total bacterial counts, coliform bacteria, salmonella, sporeforming bacteria and total molds and yeasts) were detected. Also it could be concluded that, gamma irradiation had a significant (P?0.05) decrease effects on microbial loud and improve the microbiological safety of salted and frozen mullet fishes without any adverse effects on their chemical contents and quality. Keywords: key words, Gamma irradiation, Salting, freezing, Mullet fish, Minerals, Microbial loud
Multi-level Multi-objective Quadratic Fractional Programming Problem with Fuzzy Parameters: A FGP Approach
The motivation behind this paper is to present multi-level multi-objective quadratic fractional programming (ML-MOQFP) problem with fuzzy parameters in the constraints. ML-MOQFP problem is an important class of non-linear fractional programming problem. These type of problems arise in many fields such as production planning, financial and corporative planning, health care and hospital planning. Firstly, the concept of the -cut and fuzzy partial order relation are applied to transform the set of fuzzy constraints into a common crisp set. Then, the quadratic fractional objective functions in each level are transformed into non-linear objective functions based on a proposed transformation. Secondly, in the proposed model, separate non-linear membership functions for each objective function of the ML-MOQFP problem are defined. Then, the fuzzy goal programming (FGP) approach is utilized to obtain a compromise solution for the ML-MOQFP problem by minimizing the sum of the negative deviational variables. Finally, an illustrative numerical example is given to demonstrate the applicability and performance of the proposed approach
Response of lettuce to Cd-enriched water and irrigation frequencies
This pot experiment was an attempt to investigate a broad response of lettuce to different cadmium (Cd) levels of irrigation water (0, 5, 10 and 20 mg l-1) under different irrigation intervals (1, 2 and 4 days). The results showed that increased level of soil Cd through irrigation eventually decreased the yield of lettuce in all cases; however, in some cases yield was increased with lower doses of Cd application. No injury symptoms were observed other than plant height and yield reduction. Shoot dry weight proved to be the most sensitive parameters to the cadmium, especially under water stress conditions. The results also showed that the concentrations of nutrient elements in lettuce shoot were suppressed by water stress. The presence of cadmium in irrigation water did not significantly affect the absorption of nutrient elements by plants except for Fe. Shoot Cd concentration and its uptake decreased with increasing irrigation frequencies and the reverse trend occurred with increasing Cd levels of irrigation water. However, the values were higher than recommended guideline in all conditions. Also, shoot Cd content showed a significant positive correlation with the final accumulated Cd concentration of soil and was expressed by a plateau model under the dry irrigation regime and linear models at other irrigation intervals. Overall, shoot Cd concentration was predicted by using a simple linear regression model regardless of evapotranspiration and transpiration rate of plant.Key words: Cadmium toxicity; chemical composition; irrigation frequency; lettuce
Elastic neural network method for load prediction in cloud computing grid
Cloud computing still has no standard definition, yet it is concerned with Internet or network on-demand delivery of resources and services. It has gained much popularity in last few years due to rapid growth in technology and the Internet. Many issues yet to be tackled within cloud computing technical challenges, such as Virtual Machine migration, server association, fault tolerance, scalability, and availability. The most we are concerned with in this research is balancing servers load; the way of spreading the load between various nodes exists in any distributed systems that help to utilize resource and job response time, enhance scalability, and user satisfaction. Load rebalancing algorithm with dynamic resource allocation is presented to adapt with changing needs of a cloud environment. This research presents a modified elastic adaptive neural network (EANN) with modified adaptive smoothing errors, to build an evolving system to predict Virtual Machine load. To evaluate the proposed balancing method, we conducted a series of simulation studies using cloud simulator and made comparisons with previously suggested approaches in the previous work. The experimental results show that suggested method betters present approaches significantly and all these approaches
Ethyl 4-{[3-(adamantan-1-yl)-4-phenyl-5-sulfanylidene-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]methyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate
The title molecule, C26H35N5O2S, displays a chair-shaped piperazine ring, as well as a planar triazole ring whose phenyl substituent is perpendicular to the mean plane of the five-membered ring [dihedral angle = 90.00 (13)°]. The methylene substituent on the piperazine ring occupies an equatorial site. Weak intermolecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonding is present in the crystal structure. The crystal studied was a non-merohedral twin, with a 33.9 (3)% minor component
Effect of valproic acid administration during pregnancy on postnatal development of cerebellar cortex and the possible protective role of folic acid
Background: Valproic acid (VPA), one of the most important antiepileptic drugs, proved to be inevitable for epileptic pregnant women to limit the hazards of convulsions on the foetuses and mothers. Periconceptional folic acid supplementation was investigated to protect against several birth defects. However, its role against VPA cerebellar toxicity was not properly investigated. The present study was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of folic acid against VPA cerebellar neurotoxicity.
Materials and methods: Twenty-four pregnant female albino rats were divided into three groups; group I (control group, did not receive any drugs), group II (given VPA at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight once daily) and group III (given the same dose of VPA and 400 μg/kg of body weight folic acid once daily). Ten male offspring from each group were sacrificed at two ages: at 2 and 12 weeks after birth. Samples of cerebellar cortex were taken and prepared for light, electron microscopic examination, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunohistochemical study and histomorphometric analysis.
Results: The present study confirmed the neurotoxic effect of prenatal VPA on the cerebellar cortex, especially on Purkinje cells. The cells appeared shrunken, reduced in density, disorganised and surrounded by empty haloes. Nuclear damage and axon degeneration in the form of vacuolation, loss of organelles and absence of neurofilaments with myelin sheath depletion were detected. Concomitant supply of folic acid was shown to retain the normal architecture of Purkinje cells with their axons and nuclei. In many animals receiving folic acid, the thickness of all layers of the cortex increased up to that of the control groups, after being markedly reduced in VPA-treated groups. GFAP immunoreaction was also improved against the strong positive gliosis detected in VPA-treated groups.
Conclusions: The present study confirmed the protective role of folic acid against the cerebellar neurotoxic effects of VPA prenatal exposure. It is recommended that folic acid supplements should be given to every epileptic pregnant mother treated with VPA. (Folia Morphol 2018; 77, 2: 201–209
Low scale B-L extension of the Standard Model at the LHC
The fact that neutrinos are massive indicates that the Standard Model (SM)
requires extension. We propose a low energy (<TeV) B-L extension of the SM,
which is based on the gauge group SU(3)_C x SU(2)_L x U(1)_Y x U(1)_{B-L}. We
show that this model provides a natural explanation for the presence of three
right-handed neutrinos in addition to an extra gauge boson and a new scalar
Higgs. Therefore, it can lead to very interesting phenomenological implications
different from the SM results which can be tested at the LHC. Also we analyze
the muon anomalous magnetic moment in this class of models. We show that
one-loop with exchange Z' may give dominant new contribution ~ few x 10^{-11}.Comment: 12 page
Anisotropic nonlinear elasticity in a spherical bead pack: influence of the fabric anisotropy
Stress-strain measurements and ultrasound propagation experiments in glass
bead packs have been simultaneously conducted to characterize the
stress-induced anisotropy under uniaxial loading. These measurements, realized
respectively with finite and incremental deformations of the granular assembly,
are analyzed within the framework of the effective medium theory based on the
Hertz-Mindlin contact theory. Our work shows that both compressional and shear
wave velocities and consequently the incremental elastic moduli agree fairly
well with the effective medium model by Johnson et al. [J. Appl. Mech. 65, 380
(1998)], but the anisotropic stress ratio resulting from finite deformation
does not at all. As indicated by numerical simulations, the discrepancy may
arise from the fact that the model doesn't properly allow the grains to relax
from the affine motion approximation. Here we find that the interaction nature
at the grain contact could also play a crucial role for the relevant prediction
by the model; indeed, such discrepancy can be significantly reduced if the
frictional resistance between grains is removed. Another main experimental
finding is the influence of the inherent anisotropy of granular packs, realized
by different protocols of the sample preparation. Our results reveal that
compressional waves are more sensitive to the stress-induced anisotropy,
whereas the shear waves are more sensitive to the fabric anisotropy, not being
accounted in analytical effective medium models.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figure
Radiative B-L symmetry breaking in supersymmetric models
We propose a scheme where the three relevant physics scales related to the
supersymmetry, electroweak, and baryon minus lepton (B-L) breakings are linked
together and occur at the TeV scale. The phenomenological implications in the
Higgs and leptonic sectors are discussed.Comment: 4 page
Crystal structure of 2-(adamantan-1-yl)-5-(4-bromophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole
In the title molecule, C18H19BrN2O, the benzene ring is
inclined to the oxadiazole ring by 10.44 (8)�. In the crystal,
C—H� � �� interactions link the molecules in a head-to-tail
fashion, forming chains extending along the c-axis direction.
The chains are further connected by �–� stacking interactions,
with centroid–centroid distances of 3.6385 (7) A ° , forming
layers parallel to the bc plane
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