Osuna contra Lemos: la polémica del Panegyricus

La imprenta napolitana del Seicento produjo un notable número de publicaciones en castellano, en latín y en italiano que, pertenecientes al vasto campo de la literatura celebrativa, se presentan como documentos en donde las instancias del poder empapan la materia literaria: los textos se convierten en signos de institución, productos de una práctica escritoria que responde a ciertas exigencias del poder constituido. El artículo examina los más destacados ejemplos de este tipo de literatura durante el virreinato del VII Conde de Lemos (1610-1616) y compara la abundancia de esta práctica escritoria en ese arco de tiempo con la escasez que se manifiesta durante el virreinato del III Duque de Osuna (1616-1620). The Neapolitan printing from the Seicento produced a remarkable number of publications in Spanish, Latin and Italian belonging to the vast field of laudatory literature. They are presented as documents in which the corridors of power pervade the literary stuff; texts turn into signs of institution, into the products of the writing practice that responds to certain demands of the established power. The article explores the most salient examples of this kind of literature during the viceroyalty of the seventh Count of Lemos (1610-1616) and it also compares the plenty of this writing practice in this concrete lapse of time with the manifest scarcity during the viceroyalty of the third Duke of Osuna (1616- 1620)

Revisión y Control del Plan de Vigilancia Ambiental de las obras de dragado del Puerto de Maó

Se integra información hidrográfica, geomorfológica, sedimentológica y biológica, para la caracterización de los ecosistemas marinos en el punto de vertido y área adyacente previa al inicio de las obras de dragado del Puerto de Maó.RESUMEN: En este documento se presentan los trabajos científicos realizados por el Instituto Español de Oceanografía, dentro del Plan de Vigilancia Ambiental del dragado del Puerto de Maó (Menorca, Islas Baleares), para la caracterización de los ecosistema marino en el punto de vertido y área adyacente, previa al inicio de las obras. Se incluyen los resultados y las conclusiones de los estudios realizados por diversos grupos de investigación, principalmente en Enero-Marzo 2014, en relación al fondo marino, la hidrodinámica, las praderas de Posidonia oceanica y el molusco bivalvo Pinna nobilis, el macro-bentos de los fondos circalitorales blandos y los contaminantes en agua, sedimentos y biota, así como en especies de interés comercial para el consumo humano. Este informe se contempla en el contrato entre la Autoridad Portuaria de Baleares y el Instituto Español de Oceanografía, suscrito el 5 Febrero 2014, para los trabajos de asistencia técnica para la revisión y control del Plan de Vigilancia Ambiental del dragado del Puerto de Maó.RESUM: En aquest document es presenten els treballs científics realitzats per l’Instituto Español de Oceanografía, dins del Pla de Vigilància Ambiental del dragat del Port de Maó (Menorca, Illes Balears), per a la caracterització dels ecosistemes marins en el punt de vessament i àrea adjacent, prèvia a l’inici de les obres. S’inclouen els resultats i les conclusions del estudis realitzats per diversos grups de recerca, principalment durant Gener-Març 2014, en relació al fons marí, la hidrodinàmica, les praderies de Posidonia oceanica i el mol•lusc bivalve Pinna nobilis, el macro-bentos dels fons circalitorals tous i els contaminants en aigua, sediments i biota, així com en espècies d’interès comercial pel consum humà. Aquest informe es contempla en el contracte entre l’Autoritat Portuària de Balears i el Instituto Español de Oceanografía, subscrit el 5 Febrer 2014, pels treballs d’assistència tècnica per a la revisió i control del Pla de Vigilància Ambiental del dragat de Port de Maó.ABSTRACT: This document presents the scientific actions developed by the Instituto Español de Oceanografía within the Environmental Monitoring Plan of the works of dredging the Port of Maó (Minorca, Balearic Islands), for the characterization of the marine ecosystems in the point of discharge of dredged material and adjacent area, before the beginning of the dredging. The results and conclusions of the studies developed by several research groups, mainly in January-March 2014, in relation to the bottom, hydrodynamics, Posidonia oceanica meadows, and the bivalve mollusc Pinna nobilis, the macro-benthos of the circalittoral soft bottoms and the contaminants in water, sediments and biota, as well as in commercial species for human consumption, are included. This report is contemplated within the contract between the Autoridad Portuaria de Baleares and the Instituto Español de Oceanografía, signed on 5 February 2014, for the technical assistance activities to review and control the Environmental Monitoring Plan of the works of dredging the Port of Maó.Autoridad Portuaria de Baleare

RICORS2040 : The need for collaborative research in chronic kidney disease

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a silent and poorly known killer. The current concept of CKD is relatively young and uptake by the public, physicians and health authorities is not widespread. Physicians still confuse CKD with chronic kidney insufficiency or failure. For the wider public and health authorities, CKD evokes kidney replacement therapy (KRT). In Spain, the prevalence of KRT is 0.13%. Thus health authorities may consider CKD a non-issue: very few persons eventually need KRT and, for those in whom kidneys fail, the problem is 'solved' by dialysis or kidney transplantation. However, KRT is the tip of the iceberg in the burden of CKD. The main burden of CKD is accelerated ageing and premature death. The cut-off points for kidney function and kidney damage indexes that define CKD also mark an increased risk for all-cause premature death. CKD is the most prevalent risk factor for lethal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the factor that most increases the risk of death in COVID-19, after old age. Men and women undergoing KRT still have an annual mortality that is 10- to 100-fold higher than similar-age peers, and life expectancy is shortened by ~40 years for young persons on dialysis and by 15 years for young persons with a functioning kidney graft. CKD is expected to become the fifth greatest global cause of death by 2040 and the second greatest cause of death in Spain before the end of the century, a time when one in four Spaniards will have CKD. However, by 2022, CKD will become the only top-15 global predicted cause of death that is not supported by a dedicated well-funded Centres for Biomedical Research (CIBER) network structure in Spain. Realizing the underestimation of the CKD burden of disease by health authorities, the Decade of the Kidney initiative for 2020-2030 was launched by the American Association of Kidney Patients and the European Kidney Health Alliance. Leading Spanish kidney researchers grouped in the kidney collaborative research network Red de Investigación Renal have now applied for the Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS) call for collaborative research in Spain with the support of the Spanish Society of Nephrology, Federación Nacional de Asociaciones para la Lucha Contra las Enfermedades del Riñón and ONT: RICORS2040 aims to prevent the dire predictions for the global 2040 burden of CKD from becoming true

CARB-ES-19 Multicenter Study of Carbapenemase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli From All Spanish Provinces Reveals Interregional Spread of High-Risk Clones Such as ST307/OXA-48 and ST512/KPC-3

ObjectivesCARB-ES-19 is a comprehensive, multicenter, nationwide study integrating whole-genome sequencing (WGS) in the surveillance of carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae (CP-Kpn) and E. coli (CP-Eco) to determine their incidence, geographical distribution, phylogeny, and resistance mechanisms in Spain.MethodsIn total, 71 hospitals, representing all 50 Spanish provinces, collected the first 10 isolates per hospital (February to May 2019); CPE isolates were first identified according to EUCAST (meropenem MIC > 0.12 mg/L with immunochromatography, colorimetric tests, carbapenem inactivation, or carbapenem hydrolysis with MALDI-TOF). Prevalence and incidence were calculated according to population denominators. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the microdilution method (EUCAST). All 403 isolates collected were sequenced for high-resolution single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) typing, core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST), and resistome analysis.ResultsIn total, 377 (93.5%) CP-Kpn and 26 (6.5%) CP-Eco isolates were collected from 62 (87.3%) hospitals in 46 (92%) provinces. CP-Kpn was more prevalent in the blood (5.8%, 50/853) than in the urine (1.4%, 201/14,464). The cumulative incidence for both CP-Kpn and CP-Eco was 0.05 per 100 admitted patients. The main carbapenemase genes identified in CP-Kpn were blaOXA–48 (263/377), blaKPC–3 (62/377), blaVIM–1 (28/377), and blaNDM–1 (12/377). All isolates were susceptible to at least two antibiotics. Interregional dissemination of eight high-risk CP-Kpn clones was detected, mainly ST307/OXA-48 (16.4%), ST11/OXA-48 (16.4%), and ST512-ST258/KPC (13.8%). ST512/KPC and ST15/OXA-48 were the most frequent bacteremia-causative clones. The average number of acquired resistance genes was higher in CP-Kpn (7.9) than in CP-Eco (5.5).ConclusionThis study serves as a first step toward WGS integration in the surveillance of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in Spain. We detected important epidemiological changes, including increased CP-Kpn and CP-Eco prevalence and incidence compared to previous studies, wide interregional dissemination, and increased dissemination of high-risk clones, such as ST307/OXA-48 and ST512/KPC-3

Osuna contra Lemos: la polémica del Panegyricus

La imprenta napolitana del Seicento produjo un notable número de publicaciones en castellano, en latín y en italiano que, pertenecientes al vasto campo de la literatura celebrativa, se presentan como documentos en donde las instancias del poder empapan la materia literaria: los textos se convierten en signos de institución, productos de una práctica escritoria que responde a ciertas exigencias del poder constituido. El artículo examina los más destacados ejemplos de este tipo de literatura durante el virreinato del VII Conde de Lemos (1610-1616) y compara la abundancia de esta práctica escritoria en ese arco de tiempo con la escasez que se manifiesta durante el virreinato del III Duque de Osuna (1616-1620). The Neapolitan printing from the Seicento produced a remarkable number of publications in Spanish, Latin and Italian belonging to the vast field of laudatory literature. They are presented as documents in which the corridors of power pervade the literary stuff; texts turn into signs of institution, into the products of the writing practice that responds to certain demands of the established power. The article explores the most salient examples of this kind of literature during the viceroyalty of the seventh Count of Lemos (1610-1616) and it also compares the plenty of this writing practice in this concrete lapse of time with the manifest scarcity during the viceroyalty of the third Duke of Osuna (1616- 1620)

Imprenta napolitana: los libros del virrey Osuna (1616-1620)

Las ediciones napolitanas de libros de lengua castellana durante los siglos de presencia española en el Regno constituyen un capítulo poco conocido de la historia del libro en Italia aunque no carece de cierto interés. Dentro de este ámbito, al que la autora ya ha dedicado otros trabajos, la ponencia se ocupa de los libros publicados en Nápoles durante el virreinato del Duque de Osuna dividiéndolos en dos grupos: aquellos que, escritos ya en castellano, ya en italiano, ven la luz con una precisa finalidad celebrativa y aquellos que destacan por su excelencia literaria o su doctrina histórico-filosófica (escritos en italiano o en latín). En el análisis de los del primer grupo se descubren ciertas afinidades con textos de Quevedo mientras que la enumeración de los del segundo grupo ayuda a definir el horizonte cultural de la Nápoles gobernada por Téllez Girón. Neapolitan editions of books in Spanish during the two years of Spanish presence in the Neapolitan kingdom constitute a relative unknown chapter in the history of the book in Italy, although they are not without interest in this field in which the author has already carried out other studies. This paper deals with the books published in Naples while the duke of Osuna was viceroy. It divides them into two groups: those that, whether written in Spanish or Italian, were clearly of a celebratory nature and those which stand out through their literary excellence or their historic and philosophical doctrine (written either in Italian or Latin). The analysis of those in the first group shows certain affinities with texts by Quevedo whilst the compilation of those in the second group helps define the cultural horizons of the Naples governed by Téllez Girón

Los enfoques de aprendizaje en estudiantes universitarios españoles

Aportación al simposio "La calidad de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje en educación superior". Congreso Nacional de Modelos de Investigación Educativa (10º. 2001. La Coruña

Ecocardiografía transesofágica intraoperatoria en cirugía cardiovascular. Documento de consenso de la Sociedad Española de Anestesiología y Reanimación (SEDAR) y Sociedad Española de Cirugía Cardiovascular y Endovascular (SECCE)

[ES] La ecocardiografía transesfofágica es una técnica semiinvasiva que permite una evaluación de la morfología y función cardiaca a tiempo real y que constituye, a día de hoy, un estándar de calidad en las intervenciones de cirugía cardiovascular. Se ha convertido en una herramienta fundamental tanto de monitorización como de diagnóstico en el perioperatorio que permite la correcta planificación quirúrgica y manejo farmacológico dirigido. El objetivo de este documento es dar respuesta de forma consensuada y avalada por la evidencia científica de cuándo y cómo debe hacerse la ecocardiografía transesfofágica intraoperatoria en cirugía cardiovascular, qué aplicaciones tiene en el intraoperatorio, quién debe realizarla y cómo debe transmitirse la información obtenida durante el estudio. Los autores han hecho una revisión sistemática de las guías internacionales, artículos de revisión y ensayos clínicos para dar respuesta a estas preguntas.[EN] Transesophageal echocardiography is a semi-invasive technique that allows an evaluation of cardiac morphology and function in real time and it is a quality standard in cardiovascular surgery. It has become a fundamental tool for both monitoring and diagnosis in the intraoperative period that allows decide the correct surgical planning and pharmacological management. The goal of this document is to answer the questions of when and how the perioperative TEE should be performed in cardiovascular surgery, what are their applications in the intraoperative, who should perform it and how the information should be transmitted. The authors made a systematic review of international guidelines, review articles and clinical trials to answer by consensus to these questions