Optimización de los tiempos de la Partida de Estructura utilizando Carta Balance en una vivienda unifamiliar en la Urb. Mochica, Trujillo

La presente tesis titulada “Optimización de los tiempos de la Partida de Estructura utilizando Carta Balance en una vivienda unifamiliar en la Urb. Mochica, Trujillo” tuvo como objetivo usar la realización de Carta Balance al utilizarlas como herramientas para evaluar la baja productividad en las partidas adentro de la industria de la construcción, medido en la obra edificio multifamiliar , Distrito de Trujillo, Provincia de Trujillo, Departamento de la Libertad”, Estas herramientas fueron medidas a diario durante 8 semanas con formatos de la Carta Balance , donde la actividad que realiza cada obrero son clasificados por tres tipos: Trabajos Productivos (TP), Trabajos Contributarias (TC) y Trabajos No Contributarias (TNC). Este enfoque permitirá profundizar en los estudios de campo antes y después de la aplicación de estrategias de mejora adecuadas para reducir los trabajos irregulares encontrados en campo, utilizando la herramienta Carta Balance, donde el uso de esta herramienta permite la estandarización de actividades en el nuevo actual. planificación de la mano de obra, reducción de costes y tiempo. El conjunto analizado son proyectos en curso, y la muestra de estudio son los siguientes proyectos: Encofrado de hormigón, acero y cimientos, Encofrado de hormigón, acero y pilares, Encofrado de hormigón, acero y vigas, Encofrado de hormigón, acero y placas ligeras, donde la productividad se evalúa como un porcentaje, y esto se puede reducir en un porcentaje significativo usando estas herramientasThe present thesis entitled ""Optimization of the times of the Structure Item using Balance Chart in a single-family home in the Urb. Mochica, Trujillo"" had as objective to use the Balance Chart when using them as tools to evaluate the low productivity in the items within the construction industry, measured in the multi-family building work, District of Trujillo, Province of Trujillo, Department of La Libertad"", These tools were measured daily for 8 weeks with Balance Sheet formats, where the activity carried out Each worker is classified by three types: Productive Jobs (TP), Contributory Jobs (TC) and Non-Contributory Jobs (TNC). This approach will make it possible to delve into field studies before and after the application of appropriate improvement strategies to reduce irregular jobs found in the field, using the Carta Balance tool, where the use of this tool allows the standardization of activities in the new current . workforce planning, cost and time reduction. The set analyzed are projects in progress, and the study sample is the following projects: Concrete formwork, steel and foundations, Concrete formwork, steel and pillars, Concrete formwork, steel and beams, Concrete formwork, steel and light plates , where productivity is evaluated as a percentage, and this can be reduced by a significant percentage using these toolsTesi

Factorial analysis of the biokinetic growth parameters and CO2 fixation rate of Chlorella vulgaris and Botryococcus braunii in wastewater and synthetic medium

Microalgae strains, Botryococcus braunii and Chlorella vulgaris were cultured in urban wastewater as monoalgal cultures and together in co-cultures; the same experiments were performed in synthetic growth medium to establish comparisons between both media. A fully crossed factorial design was used to design and carry out the experiment, resulting in 18 tests, and this procedure allowed the development of regression models that defined experimental factors and their interactions. Results indicated that both strains were able to grow in wastewater, but productivities in this medium were halved respective to those obtained in the synthetic medium. Specific growth rates presented higher values in wastewater than in synthetic medium. B. braunii was the most productive strain, but when both strains were grown together in co-cultures C. vulgaris dominated the reactor. The use of microalgae in wastewater treatment systems demonstrates to minimize anthropogenic environmental pollution load and to generate valuable biomass

Nanostructured fibrin-based hydrogel membranes for use as an augmentation strategy in achilles tendon surgical repair in rats

Hydrogels are polymeric biomaterials characterised by their promising biological and biomechanical properties, which make them potential alternatives for use in tendon repair. The aim of the present study was to generate in vitro, and determine the therapeutic efficacy in vivo, of novel nanostructured fibrin-based hydrogels to be used as an augmentation strategy for the surgical repair of rat Achilles tendon injuries. Fibrin, fibrin-agarose and fibrin-collagen nanostructured hydrogels (NFH, NFAH and NFCH, respectively) were generated and their biomechanical properties and cell-biomaterial interactions characterised ex vivo. Achilles tendon ruptures were created in 24 adult Wistar rats, which were next treated with direct repair (control group) or direct repair augmented with the generated biomaterials (6 rats/group). After 4 and 8 weeks, the animals were euthanised for macroscopical and histological analyses. Biomechanical characterisation showed optimal properties of the biomaterials for use in tendon repair. Moreover, biological analyses confirmed that tendon-derived fibroblasts were able to adhere to the surface of the generated biomaterials, with high levels of viability and functionality. In vivo studies demonstrated successful tendon repair in all groups. Lastly, histological analyses disclosed better tissue and extracellular matrix organisation and alignment with biomaterial-based augmentation strategies than direct repair, especially when NFAH and NFCH were used. The present study demonstrated that nanostructured fibrin-collagen hydrogels can be used to enhance the healing process in the surgical repair of tendon ruptures.The study was supported by the Spanish Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology (SECOT), the Spanish Plan Nacional de Investigación Científica, Desarrollo e Innovación Tecnológica, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF-FEDER) Grant number FIS PI20-0318 and the Grant number P18-RT-5059 from the Plan Andaluz de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación (PAIDI 2020), Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades, Andalusian Regional Government, Spain. The authors are grateful to Dr Ariane Ruyffelaert for her advice on the English version of the manuscript and to Karen Shashok for editing the revised manuscript. The authors are also grateful to Amalia de la Rosa Romero and Concepción López Rodríguez (Experimental Unit, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain) and Fabiola Bermejo Casares (Department of Histology, University of Granada, Spain) for their technical assistance

Ungulate presence and predation risks reduce acorn predation by mice in dehesas

Foraging decisions by rodents are key for the long-term maintenance of oak populations in which avian seed dispersers are absent or inefficient. Decisions are determined by the environmental setting in which acorn-rodent encounters occur. In particular, seed value, competition and predation risks have been found to modify rodent foraging decisions in forest and human-modified habitats. Nonetheless, there is little information about their joint effects on rodent behavior, and hence, local acorn dispersal (or predation). In this work, we manipulate and model the mouse-oak interaction in a Spanish dehesa, an anthropogenic savanna system in which nearby areas can show contrasting levels of ungulate densities and antipredatory cover. First, we conducted a large-scale cafeteria field experiment, where we modified ungulate presence and predation risk, and followed mouse foraging decisions under contrasting levels of moonlight and acorn availability. Then, we estimated the net effects of competition and risk by means of a transition probability model that simulated mouse foraging decisions. Our results show that mice are able to adapt their foraging decisions to the environmental context, affecting initial fates of handled acorns. Under high predation risks mice foraged opportunistically carrying away large and small seeds, whereas under safe conditions large acorns tended to be predated in situ. In addition, in the presence of ungulates lack of antipredatory cover around trees reduced mice activity outside tree canopies, and hence, large acorns had a higher probability of survival. Overall, our results point out that inter-specific interactions preventing efficient foraging by scatter-hoarders can reduce acorn predation. This suggests that the maintenance of the full set of seed consumers as well as top predators in dehesas may be key for promoting local dispersal.Fil: Morán López, Teresa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; ArgentinaFil: Sánchez Dávila, Jesús. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales; EspañaFil: Torre, Ignasi. Museu de Ciències Naturals de Granollers; EspañaFil: Navarro Castilla, Alvaro. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; EspañaFil: Barja, Isabel. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; EspañaFil: Diaz, Mario. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales; Españ

Transformación de la apropiación del espacio público debido a la infodemia provocados por noticieros en Chimbote, Trujillo y Chiclayo, 2021

El estudio investigo la transformación de la apropiación de los espacios públicos, debido a la infodemia propagadas por noticieros en las ciudades de Trujillo, Chiclayo y Chimbote 2021, teniendo como objetivo Conocer la influencia de la infodemia a través de los noticieros para transformar la apropiación del espacio público en Chimbote, Trujillo y Chiclayo 2021; con un tipo de investigación cualitativo de esquema no experimental y tipo correlativo; resultando que a mayor infodemia, mayor es la transformación en la apropiación del espacio público; concluyendo que por medio de los noticieros se genera miedo en cada ciudad, transformando el espacio público

Directional and Polarized Lasing Action on Pb-free FASnI3 Integrated in Flexible Optical Waveguide

In this work, high-quality FASnI3 (FA, formamidinium) lead-free perovskite thin films are successfully incorporated in a flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate to demonstrate amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) and lasing. The waveguide (WG) consists of polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA)/FASnI3 bilayer deposited on a PET substrate and is properly designed to allow single-mode propagation at the photoluminescence wavelength. This geometry optimizes the excitation of the emitting FASnI3, enhances the light−matter interaction in the semiconductor thin film, provides a preferable direction for the emitted light and allows its direct outcoupling for on-chip or fiber-optic applications. As far as the authors know, ASE and random lasing are obtained for the first time in a flexible-based WG integrating a highly efficient lead-free perovskite. The high quality of the deposited films and the optimized design of the structure result in an extremely low ASE/lasing threshold in the range of 1 µJ cm−2, which is only ten times higher than that measured in the same PMMA/FASnI3 structure deposited on a rigid substrate (Si/SiO2). More interestingly, these WGs exhibit a strong polarization anisotropy for the outcoupled ASE/lasing light with a preferable transverse electric polarization. This work is the base for the future development of ecofriendly, flexible, and efficient photonic devices.This project received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 862656 (project DROP-IT) and the European Research Council (ERC) via Consolidator Grant (724424, No-LIMIT) and by the Spanish MINECO through projects no. PID2020-120484RB-I00 and PID2019-107314RB-I00 (Stable)

Systemic Minoxidil Accidental Exposure in a Paediatric Population: A Case Series Study of Cutaneous and Systemic Side Effects

This article will be part of the doctoral thesis of the author Manuel Sánchez-Díaz.Oral minoxidil is an approved treatment for high blood pressure which is also used as an off-label drug for alopecia. Knowledge about the effects of systemic minoxidil in the paediatric population is limited. A retrospective case series study of paediatric patients with history of systemic minoxidil intake due to contaminated sets of omeprazole was performed to describe side effects of high dose oral minoxidil intake in children. Twenty patients aged between 2 months and 13 years joined the study. They had received high doses of oral minoxidil (mean dose 0.90 mg/kg/day) during a mean time of 38.3 days. Hypertrichosis appeared in 65%, with a mean latency time of 24.31 days. Treatment time was associated with the appearance of hypertrichosis (p < 0.05). Most common initial zone of hypertrichosis was the face. Systemic effects developed in 15%, with no cases of severe disorders. The present study shows a novel insight into the side effects of high doses of oral minoxidil in children

Tin perovskite solar cells with >1,300 h of operational stability in N2 through a synergistic chemical engineering approach

Despite the promising properties of tin-based halide perovskites, one clear limitation is the fast Sn+2 oxidation. Consequently, the preparation of long-lasting devices remains challenging. Here, we report a chemical engineering approach, based on adding Dipropylammonium iodide (DipI) together with a well-known reducing agent, sodium borohydride (NaBH4), aimed at preventing the premature degradation of Sn-HPs. This strategy allows for obtaining efficiencies (PCE) above 10% with enhanced stability. The initial PCE remained unchanged upon 5 h in air (60% RH) at maximum-power-point (MPP). Remarkably, 96% of the initial PCE was kept after 1,300 h at MPP in N2. To the best of our knowledge, these are the highest reported values for Sn-based solar cells. Our findings demonstrate a beneficial synergistic effect when additives are incorporated, highlight the important role of iodide in the performance upon light soaking, and, ultimately, unveil the relevance of controlling the halide chemistry for future improvement of Sn-based perovskite devices

Unusual Spectrally Reproducible and High Q-Factor Random Lasing in Polycrystalline Tin Perovskite Films

An unusual spectrally reproducible near-IR random lasing (RL) with no fluctuation of lasing peak wavelength is disclosed in polycrystalline films of formamidinium tin triiodide perovskite, which have been chemically stabilized against Sn2+ to Sn4+ oxidation. Remarkably, a quality Q-factor as high as ≈104 with an amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) threshold as low as 2 µJ cm−2 (both at 20 K) are achieved. The observed spectral reproducibility is unprecedented for semiconductor thin film RL systems and cannot be explained by the strong spatial localization of lasing modes. Instead, it is suggested that the spectral stability is a result of such an unique property of Sn-based perovskites as a large inhomogeneous broadening of the emitting centers, which is a consequence of an intrinsic structural inhomogeneity of the material. Due to this, lasing can occur simultaneously in modes that are spatially strongly overlapped, as long as the spectral separation between the modes is larger than the homogeneous linewidth of the emitting centers. The discovered mechanism of RL spectral stability in semiconductor materials, possessing inhomogeneous broadening, opens up prospects for their practical use as cheap sources of narrow laser lines.Funding for open access charge: CRUE-Universitat Jaume IThis work was supported by Horizon 2020 research and innovation program through the DROP-IT project (grant agreement No. 862656) and the Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain under projects STABLE (PID2019-107314RB-I00) and PERIPHERAL (PID2020-120484RB-I00)

Prevalence and Distribution of High-Risk Genotypes of HPV in Women with Severe Cervical Lesions in Madrid, Spain: Importance of Detecting Genotype 16 and Other High-Risk Genotypes

Background. Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) has been demonstrated to be the necessary causal factor for developing cervical cancer. To know the most prevalent HR-HPV in different geographical areas is important to design diagnostic tests and implementation of vaccines. Objectives. The goal of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of HR-HPV in a total of 1001 patients, 198 with normal cytology results, 498 with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), and 205 with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) who attended our gynaecology department for opportunistic screening of HPV infection. Study design. Cervical samples were taken in a PreservCyt vial (Cytyc Corporation, Boxborough, MA). Hybrid capture assay was carried out following the manufacturer's instructions (Digene Corp., Gaithersburg, MD). All samples were further studied with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (Linear Array HPV Genotyping Test, Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany). Results. Genotype 16 was the most prevalent HR-HPV in the three groups, 17.8% in the patients with normal cytology results, 22.3% in the LSIL group, and 60% in the HSIL group. Genotype 18 had a very low prevalence in all groups. Other HR-HPV genotypes such as genotype 31, genotype 58 and genotype 52 were found in significant numbers in HSIL patients. Discussion. Our data show that genotypes 16, 31, 58, and 52 are the most prevalent HR-HPV in cervical samples with severe intraepithelial lesion in Spain. There may be some geographical variation in prevalence of carcinogenic types, and it must be considered for designing diagnostic tests and vaccine