Mejoramiento de los hábitos de actividad física en los promotores de ciclovía -IDRD

En el presente trabajo se Ilustrará, el proceso que se realizó para lograr un objetivo y es el aplicar una propuesta didáctica, que pretende que los promotores de ciclovia del Instituto de Recreación y Deporte mejoren los hábitos de actividad física, mostrando a ellos el gran beneficio que se tiene, debido a que necesitan que en cada jornada de trabajo su estado físico esté en óptimas condiciones. Esta propuesta se llevará a cabo teniendo en cuenta el modelo pedagógico constructivista, modelo que se adecuó para que los promotores construyan su propio conocimiento y experiencias, dentro del modelo se utilizó el método por aprendizaje significativo, siendo éste de gran importancia, para que el promotor no solo tenga una información disponible de cómo mejorar su hábitos de vida, sino que en realidad sea significativo lo que recibe, cambie su modo de pensar y de ver las cosas, teniendo posteriormente una vida más sana

XVI International Congress of Control Electronics and Telecommunications: "Techno-scientific considerations for a post-pandemic world intensive in knowledge, innovation and sustainable local development"

Este título, sugestivo por los impactos durante la situación de la Covid 19 en el mundo, y que en Colombia lastimosamente han sido muy críticos, permiten asumir la obligada superación de tensiones sociales, políticas, y económicas; pero sobre todo científicas y tecnológicas. Inicialmente, esto supone la existencia de una capacidad de la sociedad colombiana por recuperar su estado inicial después de que haya cesado la perturbación a la que fue sometida por la catastrófica pandemia, y superar ese anterior estado de cosas ya que se encontraban -y aún se encuentran- muchos problemas locales mal resueltos, medianamente resueltos, y muchos sin resolver: es decir, habrá que rediseñar y fortalecer una probada resiliencia social existente - producto del prolongado conflicto social colombiano superado parcialmente por un proceso de paz exitoso - desde la tecnociencia local; como lo indicaba Markus Brunnermeier - economista alemán y catedrático de economía de la Universidad de Princeton- en su libro The Resilient Society…La cuestión no es preveerlo todo sino poder reaccionar…aprender a recuperarse rápido.This title, suggestive of the impacts during the Covid 19 situation in the world, and which have unfortunately been very critical in Colombia, allows us to assume the obligatory overcoming of social, political, and economic tensions; but above all scientific and technological. Initially, this supposes the existence of a capacity of Colombian society to recover its initial state after the disturbance to which it was subjected by the catastrophic pandemic has ceased, and to overcome that previous state of affairs since it was found -and still is find - many local problems poorly resolved, moderately resolved, and many unresolved: that is, an existing social resilience test will have to be redesigned and strengthened - product of the prolonged Colombian social conflict partially overcome by a successful peace process - from local technoscience; As Markus Brunnermeier - German economist and professor of economics at Princeton University - indicates in his book The Resilient Society...The question is not to foresee everything but to be able to react...learn to recover quickly.Bogot

Recent applications of on-line supercritical fluid extraction coupled to advanced analytical techniques for compounds extraction and identification

In a previous review (Sánchez-Camargo et al., J. Sep. Sci. 40 (2017) 213-227), we discussed the application of on-line supercritical fluid extraction coupled to chromatographic techniques. This review includes an update of the most recent publications (from January 2016 till June 2018) on this topic, which employs advanced analytical techniques for extracting and identifying valuable analytes. Supercritical fluid extraction has been widely recognized as a green sample preparation technique, because it is efficient, environmentally friendly, powerful, and faster, offering the possibility of direct coupling to analytical instrumental techniques. Among those techniques, supercritical fluid chromatography has experienced an innovative progression in the last 10 years, and the most recent applications of supercritical fluid extraction are coupled to this advanced analytical tool. The general principles, both methodological and instrumental of on-line supercritical fluid extraction coupled to supercritical fluid chromatography are described here. Besides, applications of the mentioned coupling for analysing biological fluids, food, soil, and botanical samples are also presented and discussed. Finally, a brief description about the very recent on-line coupling of supercritical fluid extraction to ion mobility spectrometry is presented, as well as concluding remarks about the importance of using these coupled techniques in the near future.A.P.S-C. thanks to the Administrative Department of Science, Technology and Innovation COLCIENCIAS (Colombia) for her postdoctoral fellowship (784-2017). The authors want to thank Project AGL2017-89417-R (MINECO, Spain) for the financial support.Peer reviewe

Calibration of Manning’s roughness in non-instrumented rural basins using a distributed hydrological model

The purpose of this research work was to calibrate the Manning's roughness coefficient in rural non-instrumented basins using a distributed hydrological model. The process consisted of the selection of several basins with vegetal cover of forests and grasslands, and its subsequent experimental numerical study, in which the hydrological response hydrograph of each reference basin was obtained from the HEC-HMS software and the hydrograph to be calibrated was the Iber software, which is a hydrodynamic model based on the two-dimensional Saint Venant equations, solved by the finite volume method. Once the calibration process was carried out, the roughness coefficients with the best fit for each basin were identified with increases in precipitation, identifying the limitations of these values and the standard model usedEl presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como finalidad la calibración del coeficiente de rugosidad de Manning en cuencas rurales no instrumentadas mediante un modelo hidrológico distribuido. El proceso consistió en la elección de varias cuencas con cobertura vegetal de bosques y pastos, y su posterior estudio numérico experimental en donde el hidrograma de respuesta hidrológica de cada cuenca de referencia fue obtenido del software HEC-HMS y el hidrograma a calibrarse fue el del software Iber, el cual es un modelo hidrodinámico basado en las ecuaciones de Saint Venant bidimensionales, resueltas mediante el método de volúmenes finitos. Una vez llevado a cabo el proceso de calibración, se identificaron los coeficientes de rugosidad con mejor ajuste para cada cuenca con incrementos de precipitación, identificándose las limitaciones de estos valores y del modelo patrón emplead

Hansen solubility parameters for selection of green extraction solvents

Nowadays, green extraction processes are focused on the development of new strategies to achieve sustainable separation processes, promoting the use of alternative solvents from renewable sources. Green solvents have risen as an option that can replace petroleum based solvents, however, they should retain the same extraction properties and technological features. The choice of the solvent is a crucial step in the solvent-substitution process, so Hansen solubility parameters (HSP) have been successfully used as a real decision-making tool. For the first time, this work aims to give an overview of HSP as solvent selection tool for extraction of bioactive compounds from natural products. It includes a brief description about the emerging green solvents extraction, the HSP theory and an updated discussion of the most recent publications (from 2009 till January 2019). Finally, some concluding remarks about the importance of using this solvent selection approach in the near future are included.A.P.S-C. thanks to the Administrative Department of Science, Technology and Innovation COLCIENCIAS (Colombia) for her postdoctoral fellowship (784-2017). M.B. acknowledge MINECO for the “Juan de La Cierva-Formación” postdoctoral grant FJCI-2016-30902. The authors want to thank Project AGL2017-89417-R (MINECO, Spain) for the financial support.Peer reviewe

A multi-analytical platform based on pressurized-liquid extraction, in vitro assays and liquid chromatography/gas chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry for food by-products valorisation. Part 1: Withanolides-rich fractions from goldenberry (Physalis peruviana L.) calyces obtained after extraction optimization as case study

In this work, a multi-analytical platform that allows obtaining and characterizing high-added value compounds from natural sources is presented, with a huge potential in traditional medicine, natural products characterization, functional foods, etc. Namely, the proposed multi-analytical platform is based on the combination of pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), liquid chromatography (LC) and gas chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry GC-q-TOF-MS(/MS), in vitro assays and modelling tools for guiding extraction optimization. As case study, goldenberry or cape gooseberry fruit (Physalys peruviana L.) was selected. In particular, the potential of P. peruviana calyces, an important by-product of goldenberry processing, as promising source of bioactive compounds was evaluated. Selection of the most suitable solvent for PLE was based on the Hansen solubility parameters (HSP) approach using 4β-hydroxywithanolide E (4βHWE) and withanolide E (WE) as target compounds due to their bioactive potential. A surface response methodology was further applied for the optimization of the PLE parameters: temperature (50, 100 and 150 °C) and solvent composition (% EtOH in the mixture EtOH/EtOAc). The effects of the independent variables on extraction yield, withanolides content (4βHWE and WE), total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC) and antioxidant activity (EC50 and TEAC) were evaluated in order to obtain withanolide-rich extracts from P. peruviana calyces. The extract obtained under optimal conditions (at 125 °C and 75% EtOH v/v) exhibited satisfactory extraction yield (14.7%) and moderate antioxidant activity (with an EC50 value of 77.18 μg mL−1 and 1.08 mM trolox g−1), with 4βHWE and WE concentrations of 8.8 and 2.3 mg g−1, respectively. LC-q-TOF-MS/MS analysis of the extract allowed the quantitation of 4βHWE and WE and the tentative identification of several other withanolides structures. The obtained results demonstrate the great potential of this multi-analytical approach for developing valorisation strategies of food by-products under sustainable conditions, to obtain bioactive-enriched extracts with potential medicinal or health-promoting properties.This research was supported by COOPA20145, project from CSIC (Programa de Cooperación Científica para el Desarrollo “i-COOP+”). G.A.-R. would like to acknowledge the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness for a “Juan de la Cierva” postdoctoral grant. The authors also thank the support from the AGL2017-89417-R project.Peer reviewe

Two step sequential pressurized liquid extracts from mango by-products with antioxidant acitvity

Resumen del trabajo presentado a la IX Reunión de Expertos en Tecnologías de Fluidos Comprimidos (Flucomp), celebrada en el Campus UAM Cantoblanco (Madrid) del 13 al 15 junio 2018.Mangifera indica L. (Anacardiaceae), commonly named mango, is a native plant to India and Myanmar and it is grown in tropical or subtropical regions. Mango is one of the main products for human consumption worldwide. Since the 70s, the production and consumption of mango, such as fresh fruit and derivatives, has taken hold in the market. The nutritional and functional value of the mango fruit, constitute the fundamental reason for its wide diffusion as food. Mango is a good source of bioactive phytochemicals such as carotenoids and polyphenols. The mango seed kernel is one of the generated wastes during both the fresh consumption and the transformation process of the fruit. Depending on the varieties, kernel represents 45-85% of the seed and approximately 20% of the whole fruit. Moreover, mango seed kernel is reported in literature as a potential source of bioactive compounds. Hence, considering the bioactive potential of this food by-product, a revalorization strategy based on a sequential pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) procedure was optimized in order to obtain polyphenolic-rich extracts from mango seed kernel with the highest antioxidant capacity. In the first step, kernel was defatted evaluating different non-polar solvents (n-Hexane, n-Heptane, n- Cyclohexane and d-Limonene) under PLE conditions. In the second step, ethyl acetate and ethanol were used as extraction solvents at different temperatures to obtain polar extracts. The optimal extracts were first characterized by LC-q-TOF, allowing tentative identification of the major phenolic components. In order to have complementary information of the extract's composition, the volatile fraction was analyzed by GC-q-TOF.This work was supported by the projects COOPA20145, from CSIC (Programa de Cooperación Científica para el Desarrollo “i-COOP+”) and AGL2017-89417-R (MINECO, Spain). G.A.-R. would like to acknowledge the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness for a Juan de La Cierva- Formación postdoctoral grant.Peer reviewe

An integrated approach for the valorization of mango seed kernel: Efficient extraction solvent selection, phytochemical profiling and antiproliferative activity assessment

A novel valorization strategy is proposed in this work for the sustainable utilization of a major mango processing waste (i.e. mango seed kernel, MSK), integrating green pressurized-liquid extraction (PLE), bioactive assays and comprehensive HRMS-based phytochemical characterization to obtain bioactive-rich fractions with high antioxidant capacity and antiproliferative activity against human colon cancer cells. Thus, a two steps PLE procedure was proposed to recover first the non-polar fraction (fatty acids and lipids) and second the polar fraction (polyphenols). Efficient selection of the most suitable solvent for the second PLE step (ethanol/ethyl acetate mixture) was based on the Hansen solubility parameters (HSP) approach. A comprehensive GC- and LC-Q-TOF-MS/MS profiling analysis allowed the complete characterization of the lipidic and phenolic fractions obtained under optimal condition (100% EtOH at 150 °C), demonstrating the abundance of oleic and stearic acids, as well as bioactive xanthones, phenolic acids, flavonoids, gallate derivatives and gallotannins. The obtained MSK-extract exhibited higher antiproliferative activity against human colon adenocarcinoma cell line HT-29 compared to traditional extraction procedures described in literature for MSK utilization (e.g. Soxhlet), demonstrating the great potential of the proposed valorization strategy as a valuable opportunity for mango processing industry to deliver a value-added product to the market with health promoting properties.This research was supported by COOPA20145, project from CSIC (Programa de Cooperación Científica para el Desarrollo “i-COOP+”). G.A.-R. would like to acknowledge the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness for a “Juan de la Cierva” postdoctoral grant. The authors also thank the support from the AGL2017-89417-R Project.Peer reviewe

Sequential pressurized liquid extraction and subsequent supercritical antisolvent fractionation of mango seed kernel extracts with antiproliferative activity

Resumen del trabajo presentado al 17th European Meeting on Supercritical Fluids (EMSF) y al 7th European Meeting on High Pressure Technology, celebrados en Ciudad Real (España) del 8 al 11 de abril de 2019.[Introduction]: Mangifera indica L. (Anacardiaceae), commonly named mango, is a native plant to India and Myanmar and it is grown in tropical or subtropical regions. Mango is one of the main products for human consumption worldwide. The nutritional and functional value of the mango fruit constitute the fundamental reason for its wide diffusion as food. Mango is a good source of bioactive phytochemicals with antioxidant and antiproliferative activities. The mango seed kernel is one of the generated wastes during both the fresh consumption and the transformation process of the fruit. Depending on the varieties, kernel represents 45–85% of the seed and approximately 20% of the whole fruit3. Moreover, mango seed kernel is reported in literature as a potential source of bioactive compounds. Hence, considering the bioactive potential of this food byproduct, a revalorization strategy based on a sequential extraction and fractionation using compressed fluids was optimized in order to obtain polyphenolic-rich extracts from mango seed kernel with the highest antiproliferative activity against HT-29 colon cancer cells. In the first step, kernel was defatted evaluating different non-polar solvents (n-hexane, n-heptane, n-cyclohexane and (+)-limonene) under pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) conditions. In the second step, ethyl acetate and ethanol were used as extraction solvents at different temperatures to obtain polar extracts by an optimized PLE procedure. In the third and final step, the optimum extract was fractionated by supercritical antisolvent procedure (SAF). The optimization of the SAF process was carried out using a response surface methodology (RSM) by Box-Behnken design with three factors: CO2 pressure (80, 120 and 150 bar), percentage of water in the PLE extract (20, 30 and 50 % H2O v/v) and PLE extract/SC-CO2 flow ratio. The selected response was the antiproliferative activity against HT-29 colon cancer cells.[Results and discussion]: For the first step of the PLE procedure, n-heptane was selected due to the good performance exhibited in the extraction of the lipidic content of mango kernel seeds (12.88 %), compared to n-cyclohexane (8.15 %), (+)- limonene (2.35 %) and n-hexane (8.12 %). After the defatting process, the second step of the PLE procedure was optimized using a central composite design. For this purpose, solvent composition (percentage of EtOH in the mixture EtOH/EtOAc: 0, 50 and 100 % v/v) and temperature (50, 100 and 150 ºC) were evaluated to maximize extraction yield, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and antioxidant activity (EC50 and TEAC). Optimal extraction yield (12.43 %), TPC (138.37 mg GAE g-1), TFC (1.25 mg Quer g-1) and antioxidant activity (EC50 15.27 μg mL-1 and 2.14 mM trolox g-1) were obtained operating at 150 °C and 100 % EtOH v/v. The antiproliferative activity of the optimal PLE extract against HT-29 cells was also evaluated showing a 50 % of cell survival; the IC50 value of the extract was 28.67 μg mL-1 at 72 h of treatment. Then, the optimal PLE extract was fractionated by SAF process to obtain fractions with improved antiproliferative activity. By employing a RSM it was possible to optimize the most important factors involved in the SAF process. The fraction (extract) obtained operating at 150 bar, 50 % H20 v/v in the feeding solution and 0.0625 feed/SC-CO2 flow mass ratio presented the highest antiproliferative activity with 29.15 % of cell survival after 72 h of treatment considering the same IC50 concentration than the original PLE extract.[Conclusions]: In the present work, a sequential extraction and fractionation process based on the use of pressurized liquid extraction and supercritical antisolvent fractionation has been optimized to obtain mango seed kernel extracts with antiproliferative activity against HT-29 colon cancer cells. The SAF process allowed obtaining fractions with improved antiproliferative activity respect to the original PLE extract. Results show the high potential of this strategy for the valorization of the mango by-products.Peer reviewe

Supercritical antisolvent fractionation as a tool for enhancing antiproliferative activity of mango seed kernel extracts against colon cancer cells

Mango seed kernel (MSK) has demonstrated to be a valuable source of bioactive phenolic compounds with antiproliferative activity against colon cancer cell lines. In this work, a phenolic MSK extract obtained by sequential pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) was submitted to supercritical antisolvent fractionation (SAF) to attain enriched fractions with improved inhibitory effect on HT-29 colon cancer cells. SAF was optimized using a Box-Behnken experimental design and considering as main factors: pressure, percentage of water in the feed extract and feed/sc−CO2 flow rate ratio. The highest inhibitory cell proliferation effect (70.51 ± 1.14%) was obtained in the extract using 50% of water v/v in the feed and 0.0625 feed/sc−CO2 ratio at 15 MPa. A targeted phytochemical profiling by LC-q-TOF-MS/MS followed by a multivariate statistical analysis of the observed bioactivity and the chemical composition evidenced the presence of characteristic compounds which might explain the enhanced antiproliferative activity of the optimal SAF extract.This research was supported by COOPA20145, project from CSIC (Programa de Cooperación Científica para el Desarrollo “i−COOP+”). G.A.-R. would like to acknowledge the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness for a “Juan de la Cierva” postdoctoral grant. The authors also thank the support from the AGL2017-89417-R project.Peer reviewe