IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AND GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY ANALYSIS OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF LEAVES OF ELETTARIA CARDAMOMUM L. MATON

Objective: The objective of the present study is to determine the possible phytoconstituents identified by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of an ethanolic leaves extract of Elettaria cardamomum L. Maton.Methods: The extraction of E. cardamomum was done by cold solvent extraction system at room temperature. GC-MS analysis of lyophilized ethanolic leaves extract of plant samples was carried out by GC-MS-GC Clarus 500 Perkin Elmer. Results: In E. cardamomum, 21 phytochemicals were identified among which retinal, 9-cis-showed the highest area (44.86%) and benzeneethanamine, α-methyl- showed the lowest area (0.12%). The major compounds identified were retinal, 9-cis-, 1-heptatriacotanol, phytol, n-hexadecanoic acid, naphthalene,decahydro-1,1,4atrimethyl-6-methylene-5-(3-methyl-2-4-pentadienyl)-[4aS-(4aα,5α,8aα)]-, β-pinene, 2H-pytan-3-ol,6- ethenyltetrahydro-2,2,6-trimethyl-and cyclopropane, trimethanol, (2-methyl-1-propanylidene).Conclusion: GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of hydrocarbon alkane, ester, terpenes, phenolic compounds, steroids, and fatty acids in E. cardamomum. These active phytoconstituents contribute to the medicinal efficacy of the plant, and the plant can be used for the sourcing of these compounds

Data Placement in Object Storage Based Multiple Containers in Cloud Environment

Cloud computing is an Internet based processing where virtual shared servers give programming and different resources. Cloud storage is only capacity of information on outsider cloud servers. The benefits are boundless capacity, backup and recovery. The bad marks are specialized issues, cost and absence of backing in security. In This paper, we made to build an application for cloud security in IBM bluemix cloud to partition the data and storing them into multiple containers of object storage. Object storage is a resource which is used in IBM bluemix cloud to store a data. Hence the data is retrieve when needed by merging it. An proposed efficient data placement algorithm is used. This will consider how to place the files efficiently to the containers in object storage. Beside, the files will merge when client needs it back. So some additional algorithms is also used for partitioning and merging of files. Our goal is to achieve good security for cloud storage system, through proposed algorithm by using multiple containers of object storage in cloud

Detection of Features to Track Objects and Segmentation Using GrabCut for Application in Marker-less Augmented Reality

AbstractAugmented Reality applications have hovered itself over various platforms such as desktop and most recently to handheld devices such as mobile phones and tablets. Augmented Reality (AR) systems have mostly been limited to Head Worn Displays with start-ups such as Magic Leap and Occulus Rift making tremendous advancement in such AR and VR research applications facing a stiff competition with Software giant Microsoft which has recently introduced Holo Lens. AR refers to the augmentation or the conglomeration of virtual objects in the real world scenario which has a distinct but close resemblance to Virtual Reality (VR) systems which are computer simulated environments which render physical presence in imaginary world. Developers and hackers round the globe have directed their research interests in the development of AR and VR based applications especially in the domain of advertisement and gaming. Many open source libraries, SDKs and proprietary software are available worldwide for developers to make such systems. This paper describes an algorithm for an AR prototype which uses a marker less approach to track and segment out real world objects and then overlay the same on another real world scene. The algorithm was tested on Desktop. The results are comparable with other existing algorithms and outperform some of them in terms of robustness, speed, and accuracy, precision and timing analysis

Formulación y Evaluación de difusión en la matriz controlada parches transdérmicos de clorhidrato de domperidona

A matrix dispersion type transdermal drug delivery system of domperidone was developed using different ratios of rosin with Eudragit RL and Eudragit RS. The effect of the polymers on the technological properties, i.e., drug release, water vapor transmission rate, percentage moisture loss and thickness were investigated. The patch containing Eudragit RL: Eudragit RS (8:2) showed a release of 87.10% in 12 h. Formulation D1 emerged as the most satisfactory formulation as far as the technological properties were concerned. Further skin permeation and skin irritation studies were carried out on rat skin and rabbit respectively. Therefore it can be concluded that the patch containing Eudragit RL: Eudragit RS in the ratio 8:2 achieved the desired objectives of transdermal drug delivery systems, such as overcoming of first pass effect, extended release and reduced frequency of administrationSe ha desarrollado un sistema de administración de fármaco transdérmico de matriz de dispersión de domperidona utilizando diferentes coeficientes de resina con Eudragit RL y Eudragit RS. Se ha investigado el efecto de los polímeros en las propiedades tecnológicas, es decir, liberación del fármaco, coeficiente de la transmisión del vapor del agua, porcentaje de pérdida de humedad y espesor. El parche con Eudragit RL: Eudragit RS (8:2) ha mostrado una liberación de 87,10% en 12 h. La formulación D1 ha resultado ser la formulación más satisfactoria, en la medida que afecta a las propiedades tecnológicas. Se han llevado a cabo otros estudios sobre permeabilidad e irritación cutánea en piel de ratones y de conejos respectivamente. Por lo tanto, se puede determinar que el parche que contiene RL: Eudragit RS en un coeficiente de 8:2 ha alcanzado los objetivos fijados de los sistemas de administración de fármaco transdérmico como una superación del efecto del primer pase, liberación prolongada y frecuencia reducida de administración

Formulation and Evaluation of Matrix Diffusion Controlled Transdermal Patches of Domperidone hydrochloride

A matrix dispersion type transdermal drug delivery system of domperidone was developed using different ratios of rosin with Eudragit RL and Eudragit RS. The effect of the polymers on the technological properties, i.e., drug release, water vapor transmission rate, percentage moisture loss and thickness were investigated. The patch containing Eudragit RL: Eudragit RS (8:2) showed a release of 87.10% in 12 h. Formulation D1 emerged as the most satisfactory formulation as far as the technological properties were concerned. Further skin permeation and skin irritation studies were carried out on rat skin and rabbit respectively. Therefore it can be concluded that the patch containing Eudragit RL: Eudragit RS in the ratio 8:2 achieved the desired objectives of transdermal drug delivery systems, such as overcoming of first pass effect, extended release and reduced frequency of administration.Se ha desarrollado un sistema de administración de fármaco transdérmico de matriz de dispersión de domperidona utilizando diferentes coeficientes de resina con Eudragit RL y Eudragit RS. Se ha investigado el efecto de los polímeros en las propiedades tecnológicas, es decir, liberación del fármaco, coeficiente de la transmisión del vapor del agua, porcentaje de pérdida de humedad y espesor. El parche con Eudragit RL: Eudragit RS (8:2) ha mostrado una liberación de 87,10% en 12 h. La formulación D1 ha resultado ser la formulación más satisfactoria, en la medida que afecta a las propiedades tecnológicas. Se han llevado a cabo otros estudios sobre permeabilidad e irritación cutánea en piel de ratones y de conejos respectivamente. Por lo tanto, se puede determinar que el parche que contiene RL: Eudragit RS en un coeficiente de 8:2 ha alcanzado los objetivos fijados de los sistemas de administración de fármaco transdérmico como una superación del efecto del primer pase, liberación prolongada y frecuencia reducida de administración

Fish feed ingredients and additives – Classification, composition and anti-nutritional factors

Ingredients are the basic raw materials of fish feeds. No single feed ingredient is nutritionally complete and can supply the nutrients and energy required for growth of fish. Therefore, a mixture of ingredients in a carefully formulated feed can provide balanced levels of nutrients and energy for optimum growth performance

Components of a Fish Feed Mill

The design of a feed mill depends on the intended production capacity. For a small scale feed mill (20-50 kg feed production per day), a total area of around 3000 sq. ft will be sufficient, while medium and large feed mills require more area. The major components of a feed mill are (i) Building and (ii) Equipment/ Machiner

Storage and quality assessment of ingredients and formulated feeds

Appropriate storage of ingredients and feeds is an important aspect in feed manufacturing process. Good storage is essential because the value of the feed presented to fish depends on it. Feed spoils during storage and the extend of deterioration depends very largely on the storage conditions. Since fish feeds usually contain relatively high amounts of fish meal and/or fish oil, they are very much susceptible to rancidity. In addition, loss of certain nutrients occurs during prolonged periods of storage. For these reasons, fish feeds should not be stored for longer periods (not more than 3 months). Ingredients and feeds should be stored in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight

An indigenous system for collection of Black soldierfly pupae and its nutritional evaluation for making fish feeds

Black soldierfly (BSF) pupae can be utilized as an excellent means for the bioconversion of organic wastes into high value sustainable protein and lipid ingredient for aquaculture. The life cycle of this insect begins with eggs laid in clutches of approximately 500 numbers. The eggs are about 1 mm in size and hatch into larvae within 4 days to two weeks. The larva feeds on organic waste and metamorphose into a pre-pupa, normally within 2 weeks which is the most nutrient rich stage in the BSF life cycle. At this stage it can be harvested periodically and converted into a feed ingredient for aquaculture. An indigenous small-scale system for the production of BSF by utilizing waste food from the departmental canteen of ICAR-CMFRI was attempte

Secure Blockchain Transactions for Electronic Health Records based on an Improved Attribute-Based Signature Scheme (IASS)

Electronic Health Records (EHRs) are entirely controlled by hospitals, not patients, making it difficult to obtain medical advice from individual hospitals. Patients need to keep tabs on their health details and take back control of their medical data. The rapid development of blockchain technology has facilitated large-scale healthcare, including medical records and patient-related data. The technology provides comprehensive and immutable patient records and free access to electronic medical records for providers and treatment portals. To ensure the validity of the blockchain-connected EHR, the Improved Attribute-Based Signature Scheme (IASS) has considerable powers, allowing patients to approve messages based on attributes but not validated. In addition, it avoids the problem of having multiple authorities without a single or central source of trust for generating and distributing patient public/private keys and fits into the blockchain model for distributed data storage. By sharing a secret, pseudo-random activity seed between authorities, the protocol resists collusive attacks by corrupt officials. The technology provides patients with a comprehensive, immutable record and free access to their EHR from providers and treatment portals. To ensure the validity of blockchain-connected EHRs, propose an attribute-based multi-authority signature scheme that authorizes messages based on their attributes without revealing any information