Impact of Dynamical Friction on the Tidal Formation of NGC 1052-DF2

If a normal dwarf satellite galaxy repeatedly suffers from strong tidal forces while orbiting a massive halo, it can turn into a dark matter-deficient galaxy (DMDG). It has been shown that NGC 1052-DF2 can form due to this tidal scenario by N-body simulation; however, the dynamical friction has been ignored in the literature. We perform a self-consistent full N-body simulation to investigate the effect of dynamical friction on the formation scenario and compare it with the one without dynamical friction. We find that dynamical friction causes a dramatic decay of the satellite's orbit. This makes the orbital period shorter, and the mass of the satellite decreases more rapidly. As a result, the satellite galaxy suffering from dynamical friction becomes a DMDG in $\approx 7-8$ Gyr, which is $\approx 2-3$ Gyr earlier than that in the simulation without dynamical friction. Although the distribution of the globular clusters (GCs) in our simulation does not fully agree with that of DF2, the current observations still have large uncertainties. Our result implies that DF2 can be formed by a more circular orbit within a Hubble time, and that DMDGs can be formed by this tidal scenario more often than previously thought.Comment: 11 pages, 7+2 figures, submitted to MNRA

THE CURRENT SITUATION OF MASTICATORY BEHAVIOR OF FIRST GRADER AT ELEMENTARY SCHOOL: A RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MASTICATORY ABILITY AND STUDENTS’ LIKES AND DISLIKES

Twenty percent of first-graders of a public elementary school in Kanagawa Prefecture were unable to masticate school lunch properly. Teachers encouraged masticate training at school, but it showed no improvement. The purpose of this research was to investigate the characteristics of mastication to find possible methods and more specific mastication education. The subjects were 100 first graders(6～7years old) at public elementary school where school lunch was served with an individual tray. The survey was conducted during school lunchtime by recording the bread crust eating situation. Every student was provided with 8g of bread crust cut into three equal parts. Within one month, on the days when kibinago (herring-like forage fish), cabbage, potatoes, curry rice, bonito, and komatsuna (Japanese Spinach) were served, the subjects were asked about their “Likes or Dislikes” and the food was “Easy to Masticate or Hard to Masticate”.The average of masticatory time during eating bread crust was 76 seconds, the maximum was 151 seconds, and the minimum was 19 seconds. The average of masticatory frequency was 72 times, the maximum was 155 times and the minimum was 27 times. The average masticatory speed was 58 beats per minute (bpm), the fastest was 113 bpm and the slowest was 29 bpm. The most favorite dish was curry rice (99%) and the least favorite dishes were kibinago and bonito (13%, respectively). The highest percentage (27%) of the subjects answered bonito dish as “Hard to Masticate” and the lowest percentage (1%) was curry rice. “Dislike” was significantly associated with “Hard to Masticate” in cabbage (p<0.01) and bonito (p<0.01). The first graders had individual differences in masticatory behavior. It was suggested that “Likes and Dislikes” are related to masticatory ability. If the children practice the mastication of solid foods before entering school, the children might eat more smoothly

Adipocyte-Specific Inhibition of Mir221/222 Ameliorates Diet-Induced Obesity Through Targeting Ddit4

MicroRNAs expressed in adipocytes are involved in transcriptional regulation of target mRNAs in obesity, but miRNAs critically involved in this process is not well characterized. Here, we identified upregulation of miR-221-3p and miR-222-3p in the white adipose tissues in C57BL/6 mice fed with high fat-high sucrose (HFHS) chow by RNA sequencing. Mir221 and Mir222 are paralogous genes and share the common seed sequence and Mir221/222AdipoKO mice fed with HFHS chow demonstrated resistance to the development of obesity compared with Mir221/222(flox/y). Ddit4 is a direct target of Mir221 and Mir222, and the upregulation of Ddit4 in Mir221/222AdipoKO was associated with the suppression of TSC2 (tuberous sclerosis complex 2)/mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1)/S6K (ribosomal protein S6 kinase) pathway. The overexpression of miR-222-3p linked to enhanced adipogenesis, and it may be a potential candidate for miRNA-based therapy

Pocket Creation Method of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection to Ensure Curative Resection of Rectal Neuroendocrine Tumors

Purpose: Pancreatic/gastrointestinal tract neuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN) is divided into neuroendocrine tumor (NET) and neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) according to the grade of malignancy, and differences are seen in clinical prognosis. NET, and rectal NET in particular, is often treated endoscopically. Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) was previously the main intervention for rectal NET, but EMR with a ligation device (EMR-L) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) are now also used. However, complete resection with these therapies is not always achieved. The pocket creation method (PCM) is a safe ESD method for colon tumors that offers a high en bloc resection rate compared with conventional colonic ESD. We performed ESD using the PCM for rectal NET and evaluated the complete resection rate. Methods: We performed ESD using the PCM in 4 patients. This procedure was technically feasible in all patients. Results: Endoscopically, all cases were resected en bloc, and pathological complete resection was achieved in all cases. No complications such as perforation or delayed postoperative bleeding were encountered. Conclusions: PCM should be considered when treating NET of appropriate size

粘液性嚢胞腺腫の悪性化との鑑別に苦慮した膵未分化癌の1例

症例は70歳代の女性．7年前に膵尾部単純性嚢胞と診断され，経過観察中であった．4ヶ月持続する発熱と心窩部痛の精査を目的として入院した．入院時のCTでは多発肝腫瘍を認め，嚢胞内には結節病変を，嚢胞周囲には出血・感染を示唆する所見を認めた．以上より，嚢胞性病変が癌化して転移・浸潤をきたし，嚢胞周囲に膿瘍を形成したものと考えて対症的に治療したが，第15病日に死亡した．剖検所見から嚢胞の癌化は否定され，嚢胞に近接して発生した膵未分化癌と，肝転移，肺転移等の多臓器転移，腹膜播種と診断された

南大洋インド洋区における植物プランクトン群集の光保護応答

第6回極域科学シンポジウム分野横断セッション：[IB1] 海氷域における生物地球化学的研究11月17日（火）　国立極地研究所１階交流アトリウ

The 3rd DBCLS BioHackathon: improving life science data integration with Semantic Web technologies.

BACKGROUND: BioHackathon 2010 was the third in a series of meetings hosted by the Database Center for Life Sciences (DBCLS) in Tokyo, Japan. The overall goal of the BioHackathon series is to improve the quality and accessibility of life science research data on the Web by bringing together representatives from public databases, analytical tool providers, and cyber-infrastructure researchers to jointly tackle important challenges in the area of in silico biological research. RESULTS: The theme of BioHackathon 2010 was the 'Semantic Web', and all attendees gathered with the shared goal of producing Semantic Web data from their respective resources, and/or consuming or interacting those data using their tools and interfaces. We discussed on topics including guidelines for designing semantic data and interoperability of resources. We consequently developed tools and clients for analysis and visualization. CONCLUSION: We provide a meeting report from BioHackathon 2010, in which we describe the discussions, decisions, and breakthroughs made as we moved towards compliance with Semantic Web technologies - from source provider, through middleware, to the end-consumer.RIGHTS : This article is licensed under the BioMed Central licence at http://www.biomedcentral.com/about/license which is similar to the 'Creative Commons Attribution Licence'. In brief you may : copy, distribute, and display the work; make derivative works; or make commercial use of the work - under the following conditions: the original author must be given credit; for any reuse or distribution, it must be made clear to others what the license terms of this work are

南極海インド洋区における粒状物質（全粒子、炭素、窒素）の鉛直フラックスの3年間に渡る変動

第6回極域科学シンポジウム分野横断セッション：[IB1] 海氷域における生物地球化学的研究11月17日（火）　統計数理研究所 セミナー室1（D305