Biomarkers of platinum resistance in serous ovarian cancer

The study was aimed to determine the platinum-resistance biomarkers in patients with ovarian cancer. The expression of ABCA1 is higher in platinum-resistant cases of ovarian cancer. The most pronounced relationship exists between the values of survivin expression, local activity of nitric oxide, the expression of glutathione dependent enzymes, the content of catecholamines in erythrocytes, and the expression of ABCA1 transporte

Dynamic Loading Research of the Gondola car Supporting Structure with an Elastic-Viscous Filler in a Center Sill

Purpose. The work aims to investigate dynamic loading of the supporting structure of a gondola car with an elastic-viscous filler in the center sill by means of mathematical modeling. Methodology. Mathematical modeling of the dynamic loading of the supporting structure of a gondola car with a closed center sill filled with a filler with elastic-viscous properties has been carried out. The case of the highest load on the supporting structure of the gondola car in operation is taken into account – a shunting collision, taking into account the action of a load of 3.5 MN on the rear stop of the automatic coupler. To determine the dynamic loading of a gondola car, a mathematical model formed by prof. G. I. Bohomaz was used. However, within the framework of this study, the model was refined by adapting it to the determination of the dynamic loading of a gondola car. It also takes into account the friction forces arising between the center plates of the body and the center pivots of the bogies, as well as the properties of the energy-absorbing material. The solution of the mathematical model was carried out in the MathCad software package. In this case, the differential equations of motion were reduced to the Cauchy normal form, and then integrated using the Runge-Kutta method. Initial displacements and speeds are taken equal to zero. The calculation was carried out on the example of a universal gondola car model 12-757 built by Kriukivskyi Carriage Works PJSC (Kremenchug) on standard bogies 18-100. Findings. Accelerations are obtained as components of a dynamic load acting on a gondola car with a closed center sill structure filled with an elastic-viscous filler. It was found that with the stiffness of the center sill filler of 82 kN/m, as well as the viscous resistance coefficient of -120 kN∙s/m, the maximum accelerations of the gondola car supporting structure is about 37 m/s2 (0.37g). Originality. A mathematical model is proposed for determining the dynamic loading of a gondola car with a closed structure of a center sill filled with an elastic-viscous filler. The model makes it possible to obtain accelerations as the components of the dynamic loading acting on the supporting structure of the gondola car, taking into account the improvement measures during a shunting collision. Practical value. The results of the research will help to reduce the damage to the supporting structures of gondola cars in operation, reduce the cost of their maintenance, create developments in the design of innovative structures of rolling stock, as well as increase the efficiency of its operation

Comparative study of quality of life, adverse effects after cytoreduction and HIPEC in stage IIIA-IIIC ovarian cancer

Nowadays cytorective surgery and HIPEC is the mainstay of management of advanced stages ovarian cancer. Study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of combined treatment in IIIA-IIIC ovarian cancer, its impact on quality of life. 37 patients of main group (CRS + HIPEC) were compared with 25 patients of control group (surgery + systemic chemotherapy). The quality of life was assessed with Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Comparative analysis of quality of life 6 months after treatment completion did not show significant statistical difference. Combination of cytoreduction with HIPEC improves quality of life in patients with ovarian cancer, is tolerated better and has less systemic toxicities than systemic chemotherapy

Results of treatment of cancer patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis

At present, common forms of cancer of different localization can not be ignored. New approaches to the treatment of metastatic lesions have some success in clinical application. This study is devoted to the experience of using the technology of cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in practice, as well as the analysis of overall and relapse-free survival in the examined groups of patients.Patients and methods:A total of 119 people were recruited from 2013 to 2020 inclusive. Patients were divided into two groups: the clinical control group (n = 53) consisted of individuals who underwent suboptimal cytoreduction; in the main group (n = 66) there were patients who performed optimal or complete cytoreductive volume and in some cases underwent intraoperative hyperthermic chemotherapy. Patients diagnosed with stage IIIC ovarian cancer were treated. In the initial analysis of these groups, time indicators (period before surgery, duration of surgery, number of postoperative bed-days), as well as the presence and nature of complications in the postoperative period were taken into account.Results:The analysis showed an increase in relapse-free survival from 10 months in the control group to 13-19 months in the main group, also significantly increased (from 5 to 22%) the number of complications of class III-IV in HIPEC.Conclusion:The study is prospective and retrospective, recruitment into groups has been conducted since 2013. Observation of the studied groups continues. The expected results will be a significant discrepancy between overall and recurrence-free survival in the study groups

Оптимізація хірургічного лікування хворих на рак яєчників

In the article the authors show their own experience with the technique of intraoperative intraperitoneal hypertermic intrapentoneal chemioperfusion (HYPEC) in patients with disseminated ovarian cancer. Based on analysis of 25 clinical cases, the authors note that the technique is innovative and effective. Having the many advantages of the method the authors found no difference in the toxicity of the drugs between traditional and advanced ovarian cancer treatment method using HYPEC. The authors consider, that hyperthermia is one of the possible mechanisms for overcoming resistance to platinum.В данной статье, основываясь на собственном клиническом опыте университетская клиника Одесского национального медицинского университета, предложено тактику ведения пациенток с местно распространенным раком шейки матки, осложненным кровотечением, и, как следствие, невозможностью предоставления специального лечения. Использовали такие малоинвазивные методики, как лапароскопия и эмболизация внутренних подвздошных артерий, как подготовительный этап перед специальным лечениемУ статті автори показують власний досвід застосування методики інтраопераційної гіпертермічної інтраперитонеальної хіміоперфузії (HYPEC) у хворих на розповсюджений рак яєчників. На підставі аналізу 25 клінічних випадків автори зазначають, що розроблена методика є інноваційною та ефективною. На фоні багатьох переваг методу не було виявлено відмінностей в токсичності застосовуваних препаратів між традиційною терапією раку яєчників і вдосконаленою методикою із застосуванням HYPEC. Автори вважають, що гіпертермія є одним із можливих механізмів подолання резистентності до платини

Significance of basic clinical tests changing after the Hypec procedure in patients with gastric cancer and some other tumors

Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy is a popular method of palliative treatment in patients with malignant abdominal tumors. This review is devoted to trace changes in general clinical tests in patients with carcinomatosis. The patients were operated on at the Clinic of Reconstructive and Plastic Medicine of the Odessa National Medical University. All patients satisfactorily tolerated this procedure. The object of the study was to track those changes with patients that took place in the immediate (prior to discharge) postoperative period. 25 patients have recruited to the study. In the group changes in 11 basic clinical and laboratory parameters among those included were monitored in the study. Hemoglobin, leukocytes, platelets, total protein, bilirubin, serum glucose concentration, liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels, thymol test and coagulogram indices. Thus, the most significant indicators, such as the concentration of hemoglobin, leukocytes and platelets, have not undergone significant changes after HIPEC. Hemoglobin decreased by 6 units (g / l), the concentration of leukocytes, on the contrary, increased by 2 units (T/l), platelet levels dropped by 61 units (also G/l). The concentration of total protein decreased by 7 units. The concentration of total bilirubin practically did not change, decreasing by about 1 unit. Indicators of AST and ALT did not increase, decreasing by 8 and 3 units, respectively. The average concentration value of blood glucose level slightly increased by almost 1 unit. Thymol levels have not changed. The prothrombin index decreased by 3 units; the concentration of fibrinogen in serum remained at approximately the same level. HIPEC procedure does not significantly affect the clinical and laboratory parameters. However, the tendency of this category of patients to hypercoagulation, hypoproteinemia and hyperglucosemia was noted

Degradation of structure and properties of rail surface layer at long-term operation

The microstructure evolution and properties variation of the surface layer of rail steel after passed 500 and 1000 million tons of gross weight (MTGW) have been investigated. The wear rate increases to 3 and 3.4 times after passed 500 and 1000 MTGW, respectively. The corresponding friction coefficient decreases by 1.4 and 1.1 times. The cementite plates were destroyed and formed the cementite particles of around 10-50 nm in size after passed 500 MTGW. The early stage dynamical recrystallization was observed after passed 1000 MTGW. The mechanisms for these have been suggested. The large number of bend extinction contours is revealed in the surface layer. The internal stress field is evaluated

Nonlinear interaction of light with Bose-Einstein condensate: new methods to generate subpoissonian light

We consider $\Lambda$-type model of the Bose-Einstein condensate of sodium atoms interacting with the light. Coefficients of the Kerr-nonlinearity in the condensate can achieve large and negative values providing the possibility for effective control of group velocity and dispersion of the probe pulse. We find a regime when the observation of the "slow" and "fast" light propagating without absorption becomes achievable due to strong nonlinearity. An effective two-level quantum model of the system is derived and studied based on the su(2) polynomial deformation approach. We propose an efficient way for generation of subpoissonian fields in the Bose-Einstein condensate at time-scales much shorter than the characteristic decay time in the system. We show that the quantum properties of the probe pulse can be controlled in BEC by the classical coupling field.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures, 1 tabl

Микрополосковый направленный ответвитель

Показані результати досліджень мікросмужкового направленого відгалужувача. Проаналізована чутливість параметрів відгалужувача до характеристик діелектрика.Представлены результаты исследований микрополоскового направленного ответвителя. Проанализирована чувствительность параметров ответвителя к характеристикам диэлектрикаThe results of studies microstrip directional coupler are described. Analyzed the sensitivity of the parameters of the coupler to the characteristics of the dielectri

Problem approach in diagnostics and medical treatment of cervical cancer

В статье проанализированы основные онкоэпидемиологические тенденции актуальной проблемы современной онкогинекологии — рака шейки матки. На основании анализа 500 клинических случаев рака шейки матки стадии IA–IIIB показаны наиболее частые контроверсии в диагностическом алгоритме и лечебной тактике у таких пациенток. Исследователи делают вывод об отсутствии достоверных объективных диагностических критериев в сегодняшнем арсенале врачаонкогинеколога. По мнению авторов, создание современной усовершенствованной комплексной программы скрининга, диагностики, стадирования, лечения и мониторинга больных с дисплазиями и раком шейки матки позволит повысить эффективность органосохраняющего и радикального лечения, уменьшить число осложнений и инвалидизации женщин, а также улучшить качество жизни больных и сохранить их репродуктивное здоровье.This article analyzes the major oncological epidemiological trends regarding such important problem of modern gynecological oncology as cervical cancer. Based on analysis of 500 clinical cases of stage IA–IIIB cervical cancer authors show the most frequent controversies in diagnostic algorithm and treatment strategy in these patients. Researchers concluded the lack of reliable objective diagnostic criteria in the arsenal of the modern oncogynecologist. According to the authors’ view, creation of modern complex program of screening, diagnosis, staging, treatment and monitoring of patients with dysplasia and cervical cancer will improve the efficiency of organ-saving and radical treatment, reduce the number of complications and disability in women, as well as improve the quality of life of patients and preserve their reproductive health