Specificity of formation and development of traditional musical culture in the Kemerovo region territory

The timeliness of the article is determined by identifying general and specific characteristics of formation and existence of musical culture in the industrially developed region of Siberia, which preserves diversity of musical traditions. The goal is to identify specificity of for-mation of regional musical culture and to understand its main characteristics. The results of the research involve determining of correlations between peculiarities of historical paths and factors of formation of regional culture and specificity of musical folklore, and revealing of folklore samples related to secondary forms (“folklorism”)

DYNAMIC CHANGES OF THE POSTERIOR POLE OF THE EYE AFTER CATARACT PHACOEMULSIFICATION WITH INTRAOCULAR LENS IMPLANTATION

Objective. To study the effect of uncomplicated phacoemulsification through the corneal incision with implantation of the intraocular lens (IOL) for changes in the macular region of the retina. Methods: The study included 35 eyes of 35 patients who underwent uncomplicated phacoemulsification with IOL implantation. The average age of the patients was 67±2,3 years, among them were 19 women and 16 men. Exclusion criteria: retinal pathology (postthrombotic and diabetic retinopathy, wet form of age-related macular degeneration and other diseases of the retina), previous eye injuries, uveitis, intra-operative complications. Retinal thickness in the fovea, the macula, and macular volume were measured by optical coherence tomography on the first day, after 2 weeks, 1 and 3 months after surgery. Results. In the period between the first day and two weeks after surgery there were the statistically significant incensement in retinal thickness in the macula from 306,64±21,15 mkm to 321,46±27,83 mkm (p <0.05), in the fovea from 211,45±20,24 mkm to 218,69±17,84 mkm (p<0.05), macular volume from 8,08±0,35 cubic mm to 8,46±0,54 cubic mm were registered. By the end of the first month after surgery maximum retinal thickness was 327,23±27,16 mkm, thickness in the fovea 220,31±18,63 mkm, macular volume 8,61±0,55 cubic mm. After 3 months, the maximum thickness of the retina reached 325,11±26,13 mkm, in the fovea 220,31±18,63 mkm, macular volume 8,55±0,49 cubic mm. Conclusion. There was an incensement of macular volume and retinal thickness in the period between the first day and two weeks after uncomplicated cataract phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation. The growth of these indicators continued within the first month after surgery, three months after phacoemulsification there was a downward trend. This can be important in determining the duration of drug therapy in the postoperative period

Effect of Aluminium Content on Plasticity Characteristics of an Experimental Intermetallic Titanium Alloy

The paper considers the issues of changing the plasticity characteristics of an experimental intermetallic alloy depending on the aluminum content. Based on the conducted studies (analysis of the structure and determination of mechanical properties), it was shown that plasticity in the experimental alloy can vary almost twice depending on the aluminum content within the alloying interval.В работе рассмотрены вопросы изменения характеристик пластичности опытного интерметаллидного сплава в зависимости от содержания алюминия. На основе проведенных исследований (анализа структуры и определения механических свойств) показано, что относительное удлинение (пластичность) в экспериментальном сплаве может изменяться практически в 2 раза в зависимости от содержания алюминия в пределах интервала легирования

Ion-beam sputtering of NiO hole transporting layers for p-i-n halide perovskite solar cells

Ion-beam sputtering offers significant benefits in terms of deposition uniformity and pinhole-free thin-films without limiting the scalability of the process. In this work, the reactive ion-beam sputtering of nickel oxide has been developed for the hole transporting layer of a p-i-n perovskite solar cells (PCSs). The process is carried out by oxidation of the scattered Ni particles with additional post-treatment annealing regimes. Using deposition rate of 1.2 nm/min allowed growth of very uniform NiO coating with the roughness below 0.5 nm on polished Si wafer (15x15 cm2). We performed a complex investigation of structural, optical, surface and electrical properties of the NiO thin-films. The post-treatment annealing (150-300C) was considered as an essential process for improvement of the optical transparency, decrease of defects concentration and gain of the charge carrier mobility. As result, the annealed ion-beam sputtered NiO films delivered a power conversion efficiency (PCE) up to 20.14%, while device without post-treatment reached the value of 11.84%. The improvement of the output performance originated from an increase of the short-circuit current density (Jsc), open circuit voltage (Voc), shunt and contact properties in the devices. We also demonstrate that the ion-beam sputtering of NiO can be successfully implemented for the fabrication of large area modules (54.5 cm2) and PSCs on a flexible plastic substrate (125 microns)

Stydying of morphology and elemental composition of the calcium phosphate layer after treatment by impulse electron beam

One of the effective ways to improve the adhesive properties of biocompatible coatings on implants is using electron-beam melting of the surface, accompanied by a partial or complete mixing area "coating- substrate". The surface of the titanium substrate bearing calcium phosphate coating received by RF magnetron sputter is processed by a pulsed electron beam having an energy density of 0.8 - 8 J/cm2. After treatment by a pulsed electron beam under different regimes significant changes in the topography of the formed surface were observed. Treatment regimes with an energy density of 0.8 J/cm{2} and 3 lead to the thermal annealing of the coating. The use of a beam having an energy density of 8 and 6.5 J/cm{2} leads to partial vaporization and mixing of the coating material with a titanium matrix

Современные подходы к введению показателя «Аномальная токсичность»

For over 60 years, the Abnormal Toxicity Test (ATT) has been used as an important tool in safety control of some parenteral and veterinary products made from biological materials. In 2017, some of the members of the Pharmacopoeial Committee of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) proposed not to include the ATT in the draft monographs of the EAEU Pharmacopoeia based on the decision of the European Pharmacopoeia Commission to suppress the test. However, this may not be achieved in Russia at this point, because some production sites that manufacture medicinal products for human and veterinary use have not fully implemented GMP principles yet. The main aim of the ATT is to detect any toxicity above the pre-determined acceptable level. The unacceptable toxicity levels can manifest themselves in higher mortality rates or unexpected intoxication effects in laboratory animals. This test makes it possible to detect abnormal (high) toxicity of a medicinal product which may be associated with degradation products or undesirable impurities resulting from changes of the production technology, which are not mentioned in specification documents related to production, transportation, and storage. In 2016—2017 12 batches of veterinary products, including vaccines and sera, were found to be noncompliant, and the Federal Service for Surveillance in Healthcare rejected 16 batches of medicinal products in 2016—2019. The aim of the study was to analyse current approaches to the ATT in the Russian and foreign pharmacopeias, and to develop a programme for phasing out the ATT use depending on the nature and pharmacological properties of medicinal products. Comparative analysis of the monographs of the world leading pharmacopeias showed that the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation has the most stringent test conditions. As an alternative to suppressing the ATT the authors suggest a phased approach to reduce the use of this test. They determined groups of medicinal products whose pharmacological properties allow for the suppression of the test. The proposed approach to phasing out the use of ATT will make it possible to use the test effectively and reduce the number of performed tests, but will still ensure drug safety. The suppression of the ATT can not be achieved without a comprehensive detailed research by quality control specialists and further discussion by all interested parties.В течение более 60 лет тест на аномальную токсичность используется как один из важных показателей при контроле качества безопасности парентеральных медицинских и ветеринарных препаратов, получаемых из субстанций биологического происхождения. В 2017 г. на заседании Фармакопейного комитета Евразийского экономического союза (ЕАЭС) было предложено не включать тест на аномальную токсичность в проект Фармакопеи ЕАЭС, основанием для данной дискуссии послужил отказ Европейской фармакопеи от данного испытания. Однако на территории нашей страны в настоящее время подобный шаг не может быть реализован, так как не все производственные площадки для производства медицинских и ветеринарных препаратов полностью отвечают международным требованиям GMP Основной целью проведения теста на аномальную токсичность является выявление токсичности препарата, превышающей установленный ранее допустимый уровень, контролируемый по повышению летальности или по неожидаемым (нерегламентированным) явлениям интоксикации животных. Данное испытание позволяет определить аномальную (повышенную) токсичность лекарственного препарата, которая может возникнуть за счет появления продуктов разложения или нежелательных примесей при изменении процесса производства, не предусмотренных регламентом производства, транспортирования или хранения. Так, в течение 2016—2017 гг. количество выявленных несоответствий ветеринарных препаратов, в том числе вакцин и сывороток, составило 12 серий, а Росздравнадзором за период 2016—2019 гг. забраковано 16 серий лекарственных препаратов. Цель работы — анализ современных подходов к тесту «Аномальная токсичность» в отечественной и зарубежных фармакопеях, разработка программы поэтапного сокращения применения теста в зависимости от природы и фармакологических свойств лекарственных средств. В результате сравнительного анализа монографий ведущих фармакопей мира установлено, что действующие требования Государственной фармакопеи Российской Федерации характеризуются наиболее строгими условиями проведения теста. В качестве альтернативы отказу от испытания на аномальную токсичность авторами предложен поэтапный подход, позволяющий сократить использование теста. Определены группы препаратов, фармакологические свойства которых позволяют исключить показатель. Предложенный поэтапный подход к сокращению использования показателя «Аномальная токсичность» позволит сделать тест более рациональным и сократить количество испытаний, но по-прежнему будет способствовать обеспечению безопасности применения лекарственных препаратов. Исключение испытания на аномальную токсичность не может быть реализовано без всесторонней детальной проработки специалистами в области контроля качества и дальнейшего обсуждения этого вопроса всеми заинтересованными сторонами